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Home>Homework Answsers>Nursing homework help12 days ago19.06.202525Report issuefiles (2)HealthPromotionProposal2.docxHealthPromotionProposal-Part11.docxHealthPromotionProposal2.docxHealth Promotion Proposal, Part 2Exercise InstructionsHealth Promotion Proposal, Part 2This is a continuation of the health promotion program proposal, part one, which you submitted previously.Please approach this assignment as an opportunity to integrate instructor feedback from part I and expand on ideas adhering to the components of the MAP-IT strategy. Include necessary levels of detail you feel appropriate to assure stakeholder buy-in.DirectionsYou have already completed the steps 1-4.Do not resubmit part 1.Make sure you incorporate any suggested revisions or improvements into your submission according to your instructor’s comments.To assist in maintaining harmony between Part I and 2 here you have a reminder of the previous paper outline:· 1. Describe the health problem. Using data and statistics support your claim that the issue you selected is a problem. What specifically will you address in your proposed health promotion program? Be sure your proposed outcome is realistic and measurable.· 2. Describe the vulnerable population and setting. What are the risk factors that make this a vulnerable population? Use evidence to support the risk factors you have identified.· 3. Provide a review of literature from scholarly journals on evidence-based interventions that address the problem. After completing a library search related to effective interventions for your chosen health promotion activity, you will write a review that evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of all the sources you have found. You might consult research texts for information on how to write a review of the literature found in your search.· 4. Select an appropriate health promotion/disease prevention theoretical framework or conceptual model that would best serve as the framework guiding the proposal. Provide a rationale for your selection which includes a discussion of the concepts of the selected modelFor this assignment develop criteria 5-8 as detailed below:You will submit just this section 5-8 as an essay. Please do not resubmit Part 1.Use a presentation page. Start the body of content with topic 5.· 5. Propose a health promotion program using an evidence-based intervention found in your literature search to address the problem in the selected population/setting. Include a thorough discussion of the specifics of this intervention which includes resources necessary, those involved, and feasibility for a nurse in an advanced role.· Be certain to include a timeline. (3 to 4 paragraphs- you may use bullets if appropriate).· 6. Thoroughly describe the intended outcomes. Describe the outcomes in detail concurrent with the SMART goal approach.The SMART goal statement should be no more than one sentence(1 paragraph).· 7. Provide a detailed plan for the evaluation of each outcome. (2-3 paragraphs).· 8. Thoroughly describe possible barriers/challenges to implementing the proposed project as well as strategies to address these barriers/challenges. (2+ paragraphs).· Finish the paper with a conclusion paragraph (2 paragraphs) without typing the word “conclusion” before the paragraph.Paper RequirementsThis assignment is to be submitted as an essay- with an introduction, questions developed at the graduate level, and a conclusion to summarize and synthesize key points. Remember, your Proposal must be a scholarly paper demonstrating graduate school-level writing and critical analysis of existing nursing knowledge about health promotion.APA must be strictly followed.Your final assignment should be minimally 5 pages (excluding title page and references).Finish the essay with your reference page.Please review the Grading Rubric for this Assignment.sHealthPromotionProposal-Part11.docx5Major Depressive Disorder in Adolescents in Foster CareSanny VasalloFlorida National UniversityHealth Promotion & Role Development in Adv. Nursing PracticeDr. Nora Hernandez-PupoMay 29, 2025Major Depressive Disorder in Adolescents in Foster CareMDD substantially impairs emotional, cognitive, and social functioning. Millions of individuals, mainly teens, are affected by MDD each year, which causes persistent sadness, apathy, and functional impairment. According to the National Institute of Mental Health (2023), 17% of American teenagers experience severe depression before maturity. The prevalence among foster youth is 50%; youth in foster care of ten face uncertain living arrangements, trauma histories, and inadequate emotional support, which increases the risk of mental health difficulties (Davi, 2024). The planned health promotion program would minimize MDD symptoms, enhance mental health services, and increase foster youth’s coping abilities via trauma-informed CBT, peer support, and caregiver education. Patients should have decreased depressed symptoms, increased treatment attendance, and improved mental health literacy after six months. The program reduces the long-term psychological and functional impacts of untreated adolescent depression in foster care youth using this culturally sensitive and developmentally appropriate approach.Vulnerable Population: Adolescents in Foster CareFoster care Youth are the most vulnerable and neglected mental health populations. One-third of the 391,000 foster children in 2022 were 12–17 years old, according to the Christian Alliance for Orphans (2024). Teenage psychological instability is prevalent throughout crucial development. Many foster youth have experienced abuse, neglect, abandonment, and domestic violence as children. Trauma may trigger anxiety, MDD, and suicide. Unpredictability, instability, and recurrent migrations in foster care may exacerbate early trauma and cause emotional dysregulation and psychological fragility. Every year, ten people are placed in foster care. Teens regularly move between homes and schools, interrupting education and making caretakers, peers, and experts hard to trust. This volatility impairs the establishment of strong bonds and a solid identity, which are crucial to healthy emotional and cognitive development throughout adolescence. Strong, ongoing support networks help these youth avoid despair, worthlessness, and emotional numbness.Complex trauma is another MDD risk factor in this population. Complex trauma includes prolonged physical or mental abuse, sexual exploitation, and home or community violence. Such situations may permanently change brain emotion, stress, and executive function (Schlack et al., 2021). Irritability, social withdrawal, suicidal thoughts, and attention deficits are all symptoms of MDD. In addition to the trauma they have endured, systemic and structural factors render foster youth prone to depression. These include uneven medical and psychological treatment, child welfare and mental health resource fragmentation, poor foster care training, and mental illness stigma. Foster youth are seldom given early mental health evaluations and evidence-based therapies. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Foster youth experience more untreated mental illness and ineffective therapy.Racial and ethnic disparities raise risk; overrepresented in foster care, black, Indigenous, and other youth of color get ten times worse mental health treatment. These populations get less trauma-informed and culturally appropriate mental health care and are more likely to enter foster care (Dettlaff & Boyd, 2020). Racism and systemic neglect worsen depression, emotional distress, and marginalization ten times. Due to several risk factors, Health Promotion Interventions for this population must be thorough, trauma-informed, and culturally relevant. Effective program design considers racism, poverty, healthcare, and education. Nursing and health systems may personalize mental health promotion for foster youth, inferior ones, to prevent depression and increase resilience.Review of Literature: Evidence-Based InterventionsTrauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) is one of the most studied and proven treatments for depression and trauma-related symptoms in children and adolescents, particularly in foster care. In order to assist youth with a history of trauma in processing trauma and developing healthy coping mechanisms, TF-CBT integrates cognitive-behavioral therapies with trauma-sensitive principles. Foster youth who had been abused or neglected received TF-CBT in a study by Onsjö et al. (2025). After treatment, sadness and PTSD symptoms decreased significantly and lasted at least six months. TF-CBT’s strengths are the regulated, time-limited 12–20-session technique and concurrent treatment for the child and caregiver. This dual-involvement paradigm is crucial in foster care because it promotes emotional support and better communication between youth and caregivers. Telemedicine for youth treatment in poor areas has shown flexibility and adaptability in TF-CBT. Foster youth who live in remote places without mental health services or who experience frequent placement changes benefit most. When foster caregivers do not feel secure in their relationships, they have boundaries. With numerous placements during childhood, young people become hard to treat for those caring for them. Fluctuations in Supervisor focus on TF-CBT can reduce its effectiveness and adherence to the treatment.Synthesis of Literature: Strengths and WeaknessesCurrently, the profession stresses the need of a comprehensive approach to treating depression in foster youth owing to their unique circumstances. Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) and peer mentoring should work along with evidence. TF-CBT helps depressed and traumatized youth understand and manage trauma, control strong emotions, and change disturbing thoughts (Goldstein et al., 2024). Proven trauma-reduction approaches help abused and neglected foster youth. “Fostering Health and Futures” promotes teenage mental health. With mild supervision, the programs provide emotional support, competent guidance, and role models. They alleviate melancholy, increase self-esteem, solve difficulties, and connect youth to lessen foster care risks. TF-CBT and mentoring programs use in-person, group, and telemedicine, according to Goldstein et al. (2024).The treatments are successful, but various obstacles prevent their adoption and scaling. High mental health professional turnover rates may compromise program integrity and long-term effects, limited trauma-informed care clinician availability, and systemic opposition from overworked child welfare agencies. Despite the strong evidence foundation, much research assessing these treatments uses small or demographically homogenous samples, making applying results to foster youth’s heterogeneous community difficult. For racial and ethnic minority youth who already experience disproportionate placement in the foster system, cultural competency and inclusion are often poorly addressed in program design and implementation (Dettlaff & Boyd, 2020). This leaves gaps in care. To improve results, we must integrate depression therapies within a wraparound framework that encompasses education, housing, social service coordination, and caregiver training. Healthcare providers, foster agencies, schools, and community groups must work together for comprehensive and lasting results. The planned health promotion effort addresses foster youth’s internal and external issues using TF-CBT, peer mentoring, and foster caregiver education. This complete program helps this high-risk group achieve resilience, psychological healing, and long-term emotional stability by improving coping strategies and support structures.Theoretical Framework: Pender’s Health Promotion ModelPender’s Health Improvement Model (HPM) is a comprehensive and dynamic theoretical framework for mental health improvement interventions in disadvantaged populations. Nola Pender’s HPM prioritizes well-being and life quality above sickness prevention and treatment (Santos et al., 2025). Knowledge, resources, and assistance may promote healthy habits. The aims of the foster youth intervention include MDD symptoms, emotional resilience, self-efficacy, and long-term mental health. The HPM addresses social, biological, psychological, and personal elements that affect behavior. Early trauma, relationship issues, and financial issues might harm foster youth’s mental health and therapy. By taking these character traits into account, Health Promotion Programs may develop culturally sensitive and trauma-informed treatments. Therapy materials that represent the youth’s cultural identity or comparable racial or ethnic origins help develop rapport and encourage engagement in treatment. Teen materials must include cognitive and developmental levels. Health behavior and cognitive processes are also affected by activity-specific cognitions and emotions. For example, these components include benefits, challenges, self-efficacy, and interpersonal aspects. Foster kids under ten experience low self-esteem and agency, which may cause them to question therapy or other interventions. Interventions that engage former foster teens as peer mentors may enhance self-confidence and gains. Supportive caregivers and social workers may also encourage youngsters to obtain mental health services and follow treatment programs.The HPM emphasizes commitment and removing behavioral change barriers. Foster youth seeking mental health care face transportation challenges, school and court scheduling conflicts, and stigma. Health promotion initiatives spearheaded by HPM should include mobile treatment units, telemedicine, and flexible scheduling. The adjustments boost accessibility and support adolescent mental health. Health professionals may design and administer a customized intervention using the Health Promotion Model. The paradigm tackles the complicated relationship among personal experiences, cognitive beliefs, and environmental circumstances to promote client-centered, lasting change. The HPM framework will improve foster kids’ emotional health, resilience, and life outcomes.ReferencesChristian Alliance for Orphans. (2024).Foster care statistics. Christian Alliance for Orphans. https://cafo.org/foster-care-statistics/Davi, N. (2024). Foster care and adoption statistics – AFCARS – national council for adoption.National Council for Adoption. https://adoptioncouncil.org/article/foster-care-and-adoption-statistics/Dettlaff, A. J., & Boyd, R. (2021). Racial disproportionality and disparities in the child welfare system: Why do they exist, and what can be done to address them?The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science,692(1), 253–274. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716220980329Goldstein, E. G., Font, S. A., Kennedy, R. S., Connell, C. M., & Kurpiel, A. E. (2024). Do foster youth face harsher juvenile justice outcomes? Reinvestigating child welfare bias in juvenile justice processing.Criminology & Public Policy. https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-9133.12689National Institute of Mental Health. (2023).Major depression. National Institute of Mental Health. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/statistics/major-depressionOnsjö, M., Axberg, U., Hultmann, O., & Strand, J. (2025). A mixed-methods evaluation of long-term outcomes after trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy for children subjected to family violence.Psychotherapy Research, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/10503307.2025.2469256Santos, M. G. dos, Pleutim, N. I., Queiroz-Cardoso, A. I. de, Ramalho, L. dos S., Souza, V. S. de, & Teston, E. F. (2025). Use of the health promotion model by nursing in primary care: An integrative review.Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem,78(2). https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2024-0096Schlack, R., Peerenboom, N., Neuperdt, L., Junker, S., & Beyer, A.-K. (2021). The effects of mental health problems in childhood and adolescence in young adults: Results of the KiGGS cohort.Journal of Health Monitoring,6(4), 3–19. https://doi.org/10.25646/8863HealthPromotionProposal-Part11.docx5Major Depressive Disorder in Adolescents in Foster CareSanny VasalloFlorida National UniversityHealth Promotion & Role Development in Adv. Nursing PracticeDr. Nora Hernandez-PupoMay 29, 2025Major Depressive Disorder in Adolescents in Foster CareMDD substantially impairs emotional, cognitive, and social functioning. Millions of individuals, mainly teens, are affected by MDD each year, which causes persistent sadness, apathy, and functional impairment. According to the National Institute of Mental Health (2023), 17% of American teenagers experience severe depression before maturity. The prevalence among foster youth is 50%; youth in foster care of ten face uncertain living arrangements, trauma histories, and inadequate emotional support, which increases the risk of mental health difficulties (Davi, 2024). The planned health promotion program would minimize MDD symptoms, enhance mental health services, and increase foster youth’s coping abilities via trauma-informed CBT, peer support, and caregiver education. Patients should have decreased depressed symptoms, increased treatment attendance, and improved mental health literacy after six months. The program reduces the long-term psychological and functional impacts of untreated adolescent depression in foster care youth using this culturally sensitive and developmentally appropriate approach.Vulnerable Population: Adolescents in Foster CareFoster care Youth are the most vulnerable and neglected mental health populations. One-third of the 391,000 foster children in 2022 were 12–17 years old, according to the Christian Alliance for Orphans (2024). Teenage psychological instability is prevalent throughout crucial development. Many foster youth have experienced abuse, neglect, abandonment, and domestic violence as children. Trauma may trigger anxiety, MDD, and suicide. Unpredictability, instability, and recurrent migrations in foster care may exacerbate early trauma and cause emotional dysregulation and psychological fragility. Every year, ten people are placed in foster care. Teens regularly move between homes and schools, interrupting education and making caretakers, peers, and experts hard to trust. This volatility impairs the establishment of strong bonds and a solid identity, which are crucial to healthy emotional and cognitive development throughout adolescence. Strong, ongoing support networks help these youth avoid despair, worthlessness, and emotional numbness.Complex trauma is another MDD risk factor in this population. Complex trauma includes prolonged physical or mental abuse, sexual exploitation, and home or community violence. Such situations may permanently change brain emotion, stress, and executive function (Schlack et al., 2021). Irritability, social withdrawal, suicidal thoughts, and attention deficits are all symptoms of MDD. In addition to the trauma they have endured, systemic and structural factors render foster youth prone to depression. These include uneven medical and psychological treatment, child welfare and mental health resource fragmentation, poor foster care training, and mental illness stigma. Foster youth are seldom given early mental health evaluations and evidence-based therapies. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Foster youth experience more untreated mental illness and ineffective therapy.Racial and ethnic disparities raise risk; overrepresented in foster care, black, Indigenous, and other youth of color get ten times worse mental health treatment. These populations get less trauma-informed and culturally appropriate mental health care and are more likely to enter foster care (Dettlaff & Boyd, 2020). Racism and systemic neglect worsen depression, emotional distress, and marginalization ten times. Due to several risk factors, Health Promotion Interventions for this population must be thorough, trauma-informed, and culturally relevant. Effective program design considers racism, poverty, healthcare, and education. Nursing and health systems may personalize mental health promotion for foster youth, inferior ones, to prevent depression and increase resilience.Review of Literature: Evidence-Based InterventionsTrauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) is one of the most studied and proven treatments for depression and trauma-related symptoms in children and adolescents, particularly in foster care. In order to assist youth with a history of trauma in processing trauma and developing healthy coping mechanisms, TF-CBT integrates cognitive-behavioral therapies with trauma-sensitive principles. Foster youth who had been abused or neglected received TF-CBT in a study by Onsjö et al. (2025). After treatment, sadness and PTSD symptoms decreased significantly and lasted at least six months. TF-CBT’s strengths are the regulated, time-limited 12–20-session technique and concurrent treatment for the child and caregiver. This dual-involvement paradigm is crucial in foster care because it promotes emotional support and better communication between youth and caregivers. Telemedicine for youth treatment in poor areas has shown flexibility and adaptability in TF-CBT. Foster youth who live in remote places without mental health services or who experience frequent placement changes benefit most. When foster caregivers do not feel secure in their relationships, they have boundaries. With numerous placements during childhood, young people become hard to treat for those caring for them. Fluctuations in Supervisor focus on TF-CBT can reduce its effectiveness and adherence to the treatment.Synthesis of Literature: Strengths and WeaknessesCurrently, the profession stresses the need of a comprehensive approach to treating depression in foster youth owing to their unique circumstances. Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) and peer mentoring should work along with evidence. TF-CBT helps depressed and traumatized youth understand and manage trauma, control strong emotions, and change disturbing thoughts (Goldstein et al., 2024). Proven trauma-reduction approaches help abused and neglected foster youth. “Fostering Health and Futures” promotes teenage mental health. With mild supervision, the programs provide emotional support, competent guidance, and role models. They alleviate melancholy, increase self-esteem, solve difficulties, and connect youth to lessen foster care risks. TF-CBT and mentoring programs use in-person, group, and telemedicine, according to Goldstein et al. (2024).The treatments are successful, but various obstacles prevent their adoption and scaling. High mental health professional turnover rates may compromise program integrity and long-term effects, limited trauma-informed care clinician availability, and systemic opposition from overworked child welfare agencies. Despite the strong evidence foundation, much research assessing these treatments uses small or demographically homogenous samples, making applying results to foster youth’s heterogeneous community difficult. For racial and ethnic minority youth who already experience disproportionate placement in the foster system, cultural competency and inclusion are often poorly addressed in program design and implementation (Dettlaff & Boyd, 2020). This leaves gaps in care. To improve results, we must integrate depression therapies within a wraparound framework that encompasses education, housing, social service coordination, and caregiver training. Healthcare providers, foster agencies, schools, and community groups must work together for comprehensive and lasting results. The planned health promotion effort addresses foster youth’s internal and external issues using TF-CBT, peer mentoring, and foster caregiver education. This complete program helps this high-risk group achieve resilience, psychological healing, and long-term emotional stability by improving coping strategies and support structures.Theoretical Framework: Pender’s Health Promotion ModelPender’s Health Improvement Model (HPM) is a comprehensive and dynamic theoretical framework for mental health improvement interventions in disadvantaged populations. Nola Pender’s HPM prioritizes well-being and life quality above sickness prevention and treatment (Santos et al., 2025). Knowledge, resources, and assistance may promote healthy habits. The aims of the foster youth intervention include MDD symptoms, emotional resilience, self-efficacy, and long-term mental health. The HPM addresses social, biological, psychological, and personal elements that affect behavior. Early trauma, relationship issues, and financial issues might harm foster youth’s mental health and therapy. By taking these character traits into account, Health Promotion Programs may develop culturally sensitive and trauma-informed treatments. Therapy materials that represent the youth’s cultural identity or comparable racial or ethnic origins help develop rapport and encourage engagement in treatment. Teen materials must include cognitive and developmental levels. Health behavior and cognitive processes are also affected by activity-specific cognitions and emotions. For example, these components include benefits, challenges, self-efficacy, and interpersonal aspects. Foster kids under ten experience low self-esteem and agency, which may cause them to question therapy or other interventions. Interventions that engage former foster teens as peer mentors may enhance self-confidence and gains. Supportive caregivers and social workers may also encourage youngsters to obtain mental health services and follow treatment programs.The HPM emphasizes commitment and removing behavioral change barriers. Foster youth seeking mental health care face transportation challenges, school and court scheduling conflicts, and stigma. Health promotion initiatives spearheaded by HPM should include mobile treatment units, telemedicine, and flexible scheduling. The adjustments boost accessibility and support adolescent mental health. Health professionals may design and administer a customized intervention using the Health Promotion Model. The paradigm tackles the complicated relationship among personal experiences, cognitive beliefs, and environmental circumstances to promote client-centered, lasting change. The HPM framework will improve foster kids’ emotional health, resilience, and life outcomes.ReferencesChristian Alliance for Orphans. (2024).Foster care statistics. Christian Alliance for Orphans. https://cafo.org/foster-care-statistics/Davi, N. (2024). Foster care and adoption statistics – AFCARS – national council for adoption.National Council for Adoption. https://adoptioncouncil.org/article/foster-care-and-adoption-statistics/Dettlaff, A. J., & Boyd, R. (2021). Racial disproportionality and disparities in the child welfare system: Why do they exist, and what can be done to address them?The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science,692(1), 253–274. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716220980329Goldstein, E. G., Font, S. A., Kennedy, R. S., Connell, C. M., & Kurpiel, A. E. (2024). Do foster youth face harsher juvenile justice outcomes? Reinvestigating child welfare bias in juvenile justice processing.Criminology & Public Policy. https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-9133.12689National Institute of Mental Health. (2023).Major depression. National Institute of Mental Health. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/statistics/major-depressionOnsjö, M., Axberg, U., Hultmann, O., & Strand, J. (2025). A mixed-methods evaluation of long-term outcomes after trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy for children subjected to family violence.Psychotherapy Research, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/10503307.2025.2469256Santos, M. G. dos, Pleutim, N. I., Queiroz-Cardoso, A. I. de, Ramalho, L. dos S., Souza, V. S. de, & Teston, E. F. (2025). Use of the health promotion model by nursing in primary care: An integrative review.Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem,78(2). https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2024-0096Schlack, R., Peerenboom, N., Neuperdt, L., Junker, S., & Beyer, A.-K. (2021). The effects of mental health problems in childhood and adolescence in young adults: Results of the KiGGS cohort.Journal of Health Monitoring,6(4), 3–19. https://doi.org/10.25646/8863HealthPromotionProposal2.docxHealth Promotion Proposal, Part 2Exercise InstructionsHealth Promotion Proposal, Part 2This is a continuation of the health promotion program proposal, part one, which you submitted previously.Please approach this assignment as an opportunity to integrate instructor feedback from part I and expand on ideas adhering to the components of the MAP-IT strategy. Include necessary levels of detail you feel appropriate to assure stakeholder buy-in.DirectionsYou have already completed the steps 1-4.Do not resubmit part 1.Make sure you incorporate any suggested revisions or improvements into your submission according to your instructor’s comments.To assist in maintaining harmony between Part I and 2 here you have a reminder of the previous paper outline:· 1. Describe the health problem. Using data and statistics support your claim that the issue you selected is a problem. What specifically will you address in your proposed health promotion program? Be sure your proposed outcome is realistic and measurable.· 2. Describe the vulnerable population and setting. What are the risk factors that make this a vulnerable population? Use evidence to support the risk factors you have identified.· 3. Provide a review of literature from scholarly journals on evidence-based interventions that address the problem. After completing a library search related to effective interventions for your chosen health promotion activity, you will write a review that evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of all the sources you have found. You might consult research texts for information on how to write a review of the literature found in your search.· 4. Select an appropriate health promotion/disease prevention theoretical framework or conceptual model that would best serve as the framework guiding the proposal. Provide a rationale for your selection which includes a discussion of the concepts of the selected modelFor this assignment develop criteria 5-8 as detailed below:You will submit just this section 5-8 as an essay. Please do not resubmit Part 1.Use a presentation page. Start the body of content with topic 5.· 5. Propose a health promotion program using an evidence-based intervention found in your literature search to address the problem in the selected population/setting. Include a thorough discussion of the specifics of this intervention which includes resources necessary, those involved, and feasibility for a nurse in an advanced role.· Be certain to include a timeline. (3 to 4 paragraphs- you may use bullets if appropriate).· 6. Thoroughly describe the intended outcomes. Describe the outcomes in detail concurrent with the SMART goal approach.The SMART goal statement should be no more than one sentence(1 paragraph).· 7. Provide a detailed plan for the evaluation of each outcome. (2-3 paragraphs).· 8. Thoroughly describe possible barriers/challenges to implementing the proposed project as well as strategies to address these barriers/challenges. (2+ paragraphs).· Finish the paper with a conclusion paragraph (2 paragraphs) without typing the word “conclusion” before the paragraph.Paper RequirementsThis assignment is to be submitted as an essay- with an introduction, questions developed at the graduate level, and a conclusion to summarize and synthesize key points. Remember, your Proposal must be a scholarly paper demonstrating graduate school-level writing and critical analysis of existing nursing knowledge about health promotion.APA must be strictly followed.Your final assignment should be minimally 5 pages (excluding title page and references).Finish the essay with your reference page.Please review the Grading Rubric for this Assignment.sHealthPromotionProposal-Part11.docx5Major Depressive Disorder in Adolescents in Foster CareSanny VasalloFlorida National UniversityHealth Promotion & Role Development in Adv. Nursing PracticeDr. Nora Hernandez-PupoMay 29, 2025Major Depressive Disorder in Adolescents in Foster CareMDD substantially impairs emotional, cognitive, and social functioning. Millions of individuals, mainly teens, are affected by MDD each year, which causes persistent sadness, apathy, and functional impairment. According to the National Institute of Mental Health (2023), 17% of American teenagers experience severe depression before maturity. The prevalence among foster youth is 50%; youth in foster care of ten face uncertain living arrangements, trauma histories, and inadequate emotional support, which increases the risk of mental health difficulties (Davi, 2024). The planned health promotion program would minimize MDD symptoms, enhance mental health services, and increase foster youth’s coping abilities via trauma-informed CBT, peer support, and caregiver education. Patients should have decreased depressed symptoms, increased treatment attendance, and improved mental health literacy after six months. The program reduces the long-term psychological and functional impacts of untreated adolescent depression in foster care youth using this culturally sensitive and developmentally appropriate approach.Vulnerable Population: Adolescents in Foster CareFoster care Youth are the most vulnerable and neglected mental health populations. One-third of the 391,000 foster children in 2022 were 12–17 years old, according to the Christian Alliance for Orphans (2024). Teenage psychological instability is prevalent throughout crucial development. Many foster youth have experienced abuse, neglect, abandonment, and domestic violence as children. Trauma may trigger anxiety, MDD, and suicide. Unpredictability, instability, and recurrent migrations in foster care may exacerbate early trauma and cause emotional dysregulation and psychological fragility. Every year, ten people are placed in foster care. Teens regularly move between homes and schools, interrupting education and making caretakers, peers, and experts hard to trust. This volatility impairs the establishment of strong bonds and a solid identity, which are crucial to healthy emotional and cognitive development throughout adolescence. Strong, ongoing support networks help these youth avoid despair, worthlessness, and emotional numbness.Complex trauma is another MDD risk factor in this population. Complex trauma includes prolonged physical or mental abuse, sexual exploitation, and home or community violence. Such situations may permanently change brain emotion, stress, and executive function (Schlack et al., 2021). Irritability, social withdrawal, suicidal thoughts, and attention deficits are all symptoms of MDD. In addition to the trauma they have endured, systemic and structural factors render foster youth prone to depression. These include uneven medical and psychological treatment, child welfare and mental health resource fragmentation, poor foster care training, and mental illness stigma. Foster youth are seldom given early mental health evaluations and evidence-based therapies. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Foster youth experience more untreated mental illness and ineffective therapy.Racial and ethnic disparities raise risk; overrepresented in foster care, black, Indigenous, and other youth of color get ten times worse mental health treatment. These populations get less trauma-informed and culturally appropriate mental health care and are more likely to enter foster care (Dettlaff & Boyd, 2020). Racism and systemic neglect worsen depression, emotional distress, and marginalization ten times. Due to several risk factors, Health Promotion Interventions for this population must be thorough, trauma-informed, and culturally relevant. Effective program design considers racism, poverty, healthcare, and education. Nursing and health systems may personalize mental health promotion for foster youth, inferior ones, to prevent depression and increase resilience.Review of Literature: Evidence-Based InterventionsTrauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) is one of the most studied and proven treatments for depression and trauma-related symptoms in children and adolescents, particularly in foster care. In order to assist youth with a history of trauma in processing trauma and developing healthy coping mechanisms, TF-CBT integrates cognitive-behavioral therapies with trauma-sensitive principles. Foster youth who had been abused or neglected received TF-CBT in a study by Onsjö et al. (2025). After treatment, sadness and PTSD symptoms decreased significantly and lasted at least six months. TF-CBT’s strengths are the regulated, time-limited 12–20-session technique and concurrent treatment for the child and caregiver. This dual-involvement paradigm is crucial in foster care because it promotes emotional support and better communication between youth and caregivers. Telemedicine for youth treatment in poor areas has shown flexibility and adaptability in TF-CBT. Foster youth who live in remote places without mental health services or who experience frequent placement changes benefit most. When foster caregivers do not feel secure in their relationships, they have boundaries. With numerous placements during childhood, young people become hard to treat for those caring for them. Fluctuations in Supervisor focus on TF-CBT can reduce its effectiveness and adherence to the treatment.Synthesis of Literature: Strengths and WeaknessesCurrently, the profession stresses the need of a comprehensive approach to treating depression in foster youth owing to their unique circumstances. Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) and peer mentoring should work along with evidence. TF-CBT helps depressed and traumatized youth understand and manage trauma, control strong emotions, and change disturbing thoughts (Goldstein et al., 2024). Proven trauma-reduction approaches help abused and neglected foster youth. “Fostering Health and Futures” promotes teenage mental health. With mild supervision, the programs provide emotional support, competent guidance, and role models. They alleviate melancholy, increase self-esteem, solve difficulties, and connect youth to lessen foster care risks. TF-CBT and mentoring programs use in-person, group, and telemedicine, according to Goldstein et al. (2024).The treatments are successful, but various obstacles prevent their adoption and scaling. High mental health professional turnover rates may compromise program integrity and long-term effects, limited trauma-informed care clinician availability, and systemic opposition from overworked child welfare agencies. Despite the strong evidence foundation, much research assessing these treatments uses small or demographically homogenous samples, making applying results to foster youth’s heterogeneous community difficult. For racial and ethnic minority youth who already experience disproportionate placement in the foster system, cultural competency and inclusion are often poorly addressed in program design and implementation (Dettlaff & Boyd, 2020). This leaves gaps in care. To improve results, we must integrate depression therapies within a wraparound framework that encompasses education, housing, social service coordination, and caregiver training. Healthcare providers, foster agencies, schools, and community groups must work together for comprehensive and lasting results. The planned health promotion effort addresses foster youth’s internal and external issues using TF-CBT, peer mentoring, and foster caregiver education. This complete program helps this high-risk group achieve resilience, psychological healing, and long-term emotional stability by improving coping strategies and support structures.Theoretical Framework: Pender’s Health Promotion ModelPender’s Health Improvement Model (HPM) is a comprehensive and dynamic theoretical framework for mental health improvement interventions in disadvantaged populations. Nola Pender’s HPM prioritizes well-being and life quality above sickness prevention and treatment (Santos et al., 2025). Knowledge, resources, and assistance may promote healthy habits. The aims of the foster youth intervention include MDD symptoms, emotional resilience, self-efficacy, and long-term mental health. The HPM addresses social, biological, psychological, and personal elements that affect behavior. Early trauma, relationship issues, and financial issues might harm foster youth’s mental health and therapy. By taking these character traits into account, Health Promotion Programs may develop culturally sensitive and trauma-informed treatments. Therapy materials that represent the youth’s cultural identity or comparable racial or ethnic origins help develop rapport and encourage engagement in treatment. Teen materials must include cognitive and developmental levels. Health behavior and cognitive processes are also affected by activity-specific cognitions and emotions. For example, these components include benefits, challenges, self-efficacy, and interpersonal aspects. Foster kids under ten experience low self-esteem and agency, which may cause them to question therapy or other interventions. Interventions that engage former foster teens as peer mentors may enhance self-confidence and gains. Supportive caregivers and social workers may also encourage youngsters to obtain mental health services and follow treatment programs.The HPM emphasizes commitment and removing behavioral change barriers. Foster youth seeking mental health care face transportation challenges, school and court scheduling conflicts, and stigma. Health promotion initiatives spearheaded by HPM should include mobile treatment units, telemedicine, and flexible scheduling. The adjustments boost accessibility and support adolescent mental health. Health professionals may design and administer a customized intervention using the Health Promotion Model. The paradigm tackles the complicated relationship among personal experiences, cognitive beliefs, and environmental circumstances to promote client-centered, lasting change. The HPM framework will improve foster kids’ emotional health, resilience, and life outcomes.ReferencesChristian Alliance for Orphans. (2024).Foster care statistics. Christian Alliance for Orphans. https://cafo.org/foster-care-statistics/Davi, N. (2024). Foster care and adoption statistics – AFCARS – national council for adoption.National Council for Adoption. https://adoptioncouncil.org/article/foster-care-and-adoption-statistics/Dettlaff, A. J., & Boyd, R. (2021). Racial disproportionality and disparities in the child welfare system: Why do they exist, and what can be done to address them?The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science,692(1), 253–274. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716220980329Goldstein, E. G., Font, S. A., Kennedy, R. S., Connell, C. M., & Kurpiel, A. E. (2024). Do foster youth face harsher juvenile justice outcomes? Reinvestigating child welfare bias in juvenile justice processing.Criminology & Public Policy. https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-9133.12689National Institute of Mental Health. (2023).Major depression. National Institute of Mental Health. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/statistics/major-depressionOnsjö, M., Axberg, U., Hultmann, O., & Strand, J. (2025). A mixed-methods evaluation of long-term outcomes after trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy for children subjected to family violence.Psychotherapy Research, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/10503307.2025.2469256Santos, M. G. dos, Pleutim, N. I., Queiroz-Cardoso, A. I. de, Ramalho, L. dos S., Souza, V. S. de, & Teston, E. F. (2025). Use of the health promotion model by nursing in primary care: An integrative review.Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem,78(2). https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2024-0096Schlack, R., Peerenboom, N., Neuperdt, L., Junker, S., & Beyer, A.-K. (2021). The effects of mental health problems in childhood and adolescence in young adults: Results of the KiGGS cohort.Journal of Health Monitoring,6(4), 3–19. https://doi.org/10.25646/8863HealthPromotionProposal2.docxHealth Promotion Proposal, Part 2Exercise InstructionsHealth Promotion Proposal, Part 2This is a continuation of the health promotion program proposal, part one, which you submitted previously.Please approach this assignment as an opportunity to integrate instructor feedback from part I and expand on ideas adhering to the components of the MAP-IT strategy. Include necessary levels of detail you feel appropriate to assure stakeholder buy-in.DirectionsYou have already completed the steps 1-4.Do not resubmit part 1.Make sure you incorporate any suggested revisions or improvements into your submission according to your instructor’s comments.To assist in maintaining harmony between Part I and 2 here you have a reminder of the previous paper outline:· 1. Describe the health problem. Using data and statistics support your claim that the issue you selected is a problem. What specifically will you address in your proposed health promotion program? Be sure your proposed outcome is realistic and measurable.· 2. Describe the vulnerable population and setting. What are the risk factors that make this a vulnerable population? Use evidence to support the risk factors you have identified.· 3. Provide a review of literature from scholarly journals on evidence-based interventions that address the problem. After completing a library search related to effective interventions for your chosen health promotion activity, you will write a review that evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of all the sources you have found. You might consult research texts for information on how to write a review of the literature found in your search.· 4. Select an appropriate health promotion/disease prevention theoretical framework or conceptual model that would best serve as the framework guiding the proposal. Provide a rationale for your selection which includes a discussion of the concepts of the selected modelFor this assignment develop criteria 5-8 as detailed below:You will submit just this section 5-8 as an essay. Please do not resubmit Part 1.Use a presentation page. Start the body of content with topic 5.· 5. Propose a health promotion program using an evidence-based intervention found in your literature search to address the problem in the selected population/setting. Include a thorough discussion of the specifics of this intervention which includes resources necessary, those involved, and feasibility for a nurse in an advanced role.· Be certain to include a timeline. (3 to 4 paragraphs- you may use bullets if appropriate).· 6. Thoroughly describe the intended outcomes. Describe the outcomes in detail concurrent with the SMART goal approach.The SMART goal statement should be no more than one sentence(1 paragraph).· 7. Provide a detailed plan for the evaluation of each outcome. (2-3 paragraphs).· 8. Thoroughly describe possible barriers/challenges to implementing the proposed project as well as strategies to address these barriers/challenges. (2+ paragraphs).· Finish the paper with a conclusion paragraph (2 paragraphs) without typing the word “conclusion” before the paragraph.Paper RequirementsThis assignment is to be submitted as an essay- with an introduction, questions developed at the graduate level, and a conclusion to summarize and synthesize key points. Remember, your Proposal must be a scholarly paper demonstrating graduate school-level writing and critical analysis of existing nursing knowledge about health promotion.APA must be strictly followed.Your final assignment should be minimally 5 pages (excluding title page and references).Finish the essay with your reference page.Please review the Grading Rubric for this Assignment.sHealthPromotionProposal-Part11.docx5Major Depressive Disorder in Adolescents in Foster CareSanny VasalloFlorida National UniversityHealth Promotion & Role Development in Adv. Nursing PracticeDr. Nora Hernandez-PupoMay 29, 2025Major Depressive Disorder in Adolescents in Foster CareMDD substantially impairs emotional, cognitive, and social functioning. Millions of individuals, mainly teens, are affected by MDD each year, which causes persistent sadness, apathy, and functional impairment. According to the National Institute of Mental Health (2023), 17% of American teenagers experience severe depression before maturity. The prevalence among foster youth is 50%; youth in foster care of ten face uncertain living arrangements, trauma histories, and inadequate emotional support, which increases the risk of mental health difficulties (Davi, 2024). The planned health promotion program would minimize MDD symptoms, enhance mental health services, and increase foster youth’s coping abilities via trauma-informed CBT, peer support, and caregiver education. Patients should have decreased depressed symptoms, increased treatment attendance, and improved mental health literacy after six months. The program reduces the long-term psychological and functional impacts of untreated adolescent depression in foster care youth using this culturally sensitive and developmentally appropriate approach.Vulnerable Population: Adolescents in Foster CareFoster care Youth are the most vulnerable and neglected mental health populations. One-third of the 391,000 foster children in 2022 were 12–17 years old, according to the Christian Alliance for Orphans (2024). Teenage psychological instability is prevalent throughout crucial development. Many foster youth have experienced abuse, neglect, abandonment, and domestic violence as children. Trauma may trigger anxiety, MDD, and suicide. Unpredictability, instability, and recurrent migrations in foster care may exacerbate early trauma and cause emotional dysregulation and psychological fragility. Every year, ten people are placed in foster care. Teens regularly move between homes and schools, interrupting education and making caretakers, peers, and experts hard to trust. This volatility impairs the establishment of strong bonds and a solid identity, which are crucial to healthy emotional and cognitive development throughout adolescence. Strong, ongoing support networks help these youth avoid despair, worthlessness, and emotional numbness.Complex trauma is another MDD risk factor in this population. Complex trauma includes prolonged physical or mental abuse, sexual exploitation, and home or community violence. Such situations may permanently change brain emotion, stress, and executive function (Schlack et al., 2021). Irritability, social withdrawal, suicidal thoughts, and attention deficits are all symptoms of MDD. In addition to the trauma they have endured, systemic and structural factors render foster youth prone to depression. These include uneven medical and psychological treatment, child welfare and mental health resource fragmentation, poor foster care training, and mental illness stigma. Foster youth are seldom given early mental health evaluations and evidence-based therapies. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Foster youth experience more untreated mental illness and ineffective therapy.Racial and ethnic disparities raise risk; overrepresented in foster care, black, Indigenous, and other youth of color get ten times worse mental health treatment. These populations get less trauma-informed and culturally appropriate mental health care and are more likely to enter foster care (Dettlaff & Boyd, 2020). Racism and systemic neglect worsen depression, emotional distress, and marginalization ten times. Due to several risk factors, Health Promotion Interventions for this population must be thorough, trauma-informed, and culturally relevant. Effective program design considers racism, poverty, healthcare, and education. Nursing and health systems may personalize mental health promotion for foster youth, inferior ones, to prevent depression and increase resilience.Review of Literature: Evidence-Based InterventionsTrauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) is one of the most studied and proven treatments for depression and trauma-related symptoms in children and adolescents, particularly in foster care. In order to assist youth with a history of trauma in processing trauma and developing healthy coping mechanisms, TF-CBT integrates cognitive-behavioral therapies with trauma-sensitive principles. Foster youth who had been abused or neglected received TF-CBT in a study by Onsjö et al. (2025). After treatment, sadness and PTSD symptoms decreased significantly and lasted at least six months. TF-CBT’s strengths are the regulated, time-limited 12–20-session technique and concurrent treatment for the child and caregiver. This dual-involvement paradigm is crucial in foster care because it promotes emotional support and better communication between youth and caregivers. Telemedicine for youth treatment in poor areas has shown flexibility and adaptability in TF-CBT. Foster youth who live in remote places without mental health services or who experience frequent placement changes benefit most. When foster caregivers do not feel secure in their relationships, they have boundaries. With numerous placements during childhood, young people become hard to treat for those caring for them. Fluctuations in Supervisor focus on TF-CBT can reduce its effectiveness and adherence to the treatment.Synthesis of Literature: Strengths and WeaknessesCurrently, the profession stresses the need of a comprehensive approach to treating depression in foster youth owing to their unique circumstances. Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) and peer mentoring should work along with evidence. TF-CBT helps depressed and traumatized youth understand and manage trauma, control strong emotions, and change disturbing thoughts (Goldstein et al., 2024). Proven trauma-reduction approaches help abused and neglected foster youth. “Fostering Health and Futures” promotes teenage mental health. With mild supervision, the programs provide emotional support, competent guidance, and role models. They alleviate melancholy, increase self-esteem, solve difficulties, and connect youth to lessen foster care risks. TF-CBT and mentoring programs use in-person, group, and telemedicine, according to Goldstein et al. (2024).The treatments are successful, but various obstacles prevent their adoption and scaling. High mental health professional turnover rates may compromise program integrity and long-term effects, limited trauma-informed care clinician availability, and systemic opposition from overworked child welfare agencies. Despite the strong evidence foundation, much research assessing these treatments uses small or demographically homogenous samples, making applying results to foster youth’s heterogeneous community difficult. For racial and ethnic minority youth who already experience disproportionate placement in the foster system, cultural competency and inclusion are often poorly addressed in program design and implementation (Dettlaff & Boyd, 2020). This leaves gaps in care. To improve results, we must integrate depression therapies within a wraparound framework that encompasses education, housing, social service coordination, and caregiver training. Healthcare providers, foster agencies, schools, and community groups must work together for comprehensive and lasting results. The planned health promotion effort addresses foster youth’s internal and external issues using TF-CBT, peer mentoring, and foster caregiver education. This complete program helps this high-risk group achieve resilience, psychological healing, and long-term emotional stability by improving coping strategies and support structures.Theoretical Framework: Pender’s Health Promotion ModelPender’s Health Improvement Model (HPM) is a comprehensive and dynamic theoretical framework for mental health improvement interventions in disadvantaged populations. Nola Pender’s HPM prioritizes well-being and life quality above sickness prevention and treatment (Santos et al., 2025). Knowledge, resources, and assistance may promote healthy habits. The aims of the foster youth intervention include MDD symptoms, emotional resilience, self-efficacy, and long-term mental health. The HPM addresses social, biological, psychological, and personal elements that affect behavior. Early trauma, relationship issues, and financial issues might harm foster youth’s mental health and therapy. By taking these character traits into account, Health Promotion Programs may develop culturally sensitive and trauma-informed treatments. Therapy materials that represent the youth’s cultural identity or comparable racial or ethnic origins help develop rapport and encourage engagement in treatment. Teen materials must include cognitive and developmental levels. Health behavior and cognitive processes are also affected by activity-specific cognitions and emotions. For example, these components include benefits, challenges, self-efficacy, and interpersonal aspects. Foster kids under ten experience low self-esteem and agency, which may cause them to question therapy or other interventions. Interventions that engage former foster teens as peer mentors may enhance self-confidence and gains. Supportive caregivers and social workers may also encourage youngsters to obtain mental health services and follow treatment programs.The HPM emphasizes commitment and removing behavioral change barriers. Foster youth seeking mental health care face transportation challenges, school and court scheduling conflicts, and stigma. Health promotion initiatives spearheaded by HPM should include mobile treatment units, telemedicine, and flexible scheduling. The adjustments boost accessibility and support adolescent mental health. Health professionals may design and administer a customized intervention using the Health Promotion Model. The paradigm tackles the complicated relationship among personal experiences, cognitive beliefs, and environmental circumstances to promote client-centered, lasting change. The HPM framework will improve foster kids’ emotional health, resilience, and life outcomes.ReferencesChristian Alliance for Orphans. (2024).Foster care statistics. Christian Alliance for Orphans. https://cafo.org/foster-care-statistics/Davi, N. (2024). Foster care and adoption statistics – AFCARS – national council for adoption.National Council for Adoption. https://adoptioncouncil.org/article/foster-care-and-adoption-statistics/Dettlaff, A. J., & Boyd, R. (2021). Racial disproportionality and disparities in the child welfare system: Why do they exist, and what can be done to address them?The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science,692(1), 253–274. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716220980329Goldstein, E. G., Font, S. A., Kennedy, R. S., Connell, C. M., & Kurpiel, A. E. (2024). Do foster youth face harsher juvenile justice outcomes? Reinvestigating child welfare bias in juvenile justice processing.Criminology & Public Policy. https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-9133.12689National Institute of Mental Health. (2023).Major depression. National Institute of Mental Health. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/statistics/major-depressionOnsjö, M., Axberg, U., Hultmann, O., & Strand, J. (2025). A mixed-methods evaluation of long-term outcomes after trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy for children subjected to family violence.Psychotherapy Research, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/10503307.2025.2469256Santos, M. G. dos, Pleutim, N. I., Queiroz-Cardoso, A. I. de, Ramalho, L. dos S., Souza, V. S. de, & Teston, E. F. (2025). Use of the health promotion model by nursing in primary care: An integrative review.Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem,78(2). https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2024-0096Schlack, R., Peerenboom, N., Neuperdt, L., Junker, S., & Beyer, A.-K. (2021). The effects of mental health problems in childhood and adolescence in young adults: Results of the KiGGS cohort.Journal of Health Monitoring,6(4), 3–19. https://doi.org/10.25646/886312Bids(49)PROVEN STERLINGMiss DeannaDr. Ellen RMMathProgrammingDr. Aylin JMDr. Sarah BlakeMISS HILLARY A+Dr Michelle Ellaabdul_rehman_STELLAR GEEK A+ProWritingGuruWIZARD_KIMProf. TOPGRADEfirstclass tutorProf Double RDr. Adeline ZoenicohwilliamIsabella HarvardMUSYOKIONES A+Dr CloverShow All Bidsother Questions(10)done“Change Management” – Assignment 3: Forces for ChangeALGEBRA QUIZ: FOR TUTOR (DR.NAPOLEON)MATLABdiscussion only faithStatistics Final Exam on Aleksessay 4 pagesquantify credit risk discussion postfor idealbooks only“Diversity in education and schools.”

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