1) East Africa was colonized primarily by the:

A) West Africans

B) Spanish and Portuguese

C) French and Dutch

D) British and Germans

3) Under apartheid in South Africa, the term “coloreds” referred to individuals of mixed _______ descent.

A) Bantu and Zulu

B) African and European

C) Protestant and Catholic

D) Spanish and Portuguese

4) As a result of problems with debt repayment, the International Monetary fund required the Mexican government to cut back on:

A) petroleum exports

B) social services

C) military spending

D) manufacturing

5) Most anthropologists now agree that:

A) the political economy of sub-Saharan Africa is largely homogeneous

B) the general term “peasants” does not apply to peoples in African agricultural states

C) political diversity was much greater in Latin America than in Africa

D) the historical experience of Africa was similar to that of Latin America

Unit 4 Examination

6) An example of a dyadic contract would be the relationship between:

A) an individual and his cousins

B) a parent and a godparent

C) a woman and her nuclear family

D) a patriarch and his extended family

8) India, Burma, and Malaysia were conquered and colonized by the:

A) Dutch

B) French

C) British

D) Portuguese

11) The cultural materialist interpretation of the caste system attributes its origin to:

A) religious mythology

B) economic and political conditions

C) widespread social consensus

D) heredity

Unit 4 Examination

12) The caste system is a:

A) method of processing wheat in rural India

B) system of rural economic transactions based on reciprocity

C) political organization run by educated peasants

D) hierarchical organization of social groups based on kinship

13) Norman Chance, the fi rst anthropologist to do fieldwork in China in the 1970s after a long period during which ethnography was prohibited, concentrated on the economic life of:

A) a mining cooperative in southern China

B) an agricultural commune near Beijing

C) nomadic herdsmen near the border with Nepal

D) a bicycle factory in Shanghai

14) What actions did German, Irish, Italian, and Polish immigrants take to overcome racial discrimination in the late 19th and early 20th centuries?

A) emphasizing higher education

B) joining unions and political parties

C) shedding their ethnic identities

D) violent confrontations

19) The term “Green Revolution” refers to the increased use of ________ to increase food production in Third World countries.

A) renewable tree- and root-crop products of the tropical rain forests

B) intensive human labor for planting, weeding, and harvesting

C) traditional, organic farming methods that avoid the use of pesticides

D) mechanized agriculture, genetic engineering, and artifi cial hybrid crops

21) According to ethnolographic research conducted by Murray Leaf, the Green Revolution has been successfully implemented in:

A) Rio de Janiero, Brazil

B) Turkmenistan and Azerbaijan

C) Western Samoa

D) Shahidpur, India

E) Mexico City, Mexico

24) Whereas most archaeologists have traditionally found employment in universities or museums, many are now working as applied archaeologists specializing in what is known as:

A) cultural resource management

B) excavation archaeology

C) exhumation regulation

D) application archaeology

———————————-

22) Since the 1960s, the Ju/’hoansi or San have become:

A) one of the few indigenous societies to become financially independent

B) increasingly independent and isolated from the modern world

C) middle class citizens of the nation of South Africa

D) increasingly dependent upon government assistance

23) Confl ict between the Iroquois and other indigenous tribal groups in the 1600s was NOT due to:

A) depletion of beavers and other fur-bearing animals vital to trade

B) dependence on European goods

C) the introduction of guns and ammunition by the French

D) ancient traditions of blood revenge and glory on the warpath

24) The displacement of Native Americans from their tribal lands in the U.S. in

order to make the land available to white settlers was:

A) a formal policy of the United States government

B) accompanied mostly by outlaws and hired gunsit 3 Examination

C) undertaken mostly by foreign immigrants

D) a myth invented by radical Indian activists