Use statistical software to create, interpret, and analyze two histograms in a Word document.

Introduction

Descriptive statistics are just what they sound like, statistics that allow you to describe or summarize the data with regard to such things as their distribution and their spread. Descriptive statistics provide you with a picture of your data while inferential statistics (which we will discuss in subsequent assessments) allow you to draw conclusions about relationships between variables or differences between groups.

A solid understanding of descriptive statistics is foundational to grasping the concepts presented in inferential statistics. This assessment measures your understanding of key elements of descriptive statistics.

Your first statistical software assessment includes two sections in which you will do the following:

1. Create two histograms.

2. Calculate measures of central tendency and dispersion.

This will give you some experience with the data set.

Key Details and Instructions

· Submit your assessment as a Word document.

· Refer to the  JASP Step-by-Step: Histograms and Descriptive Statistics [PDF]  document for additional help in completing this assessment.

· View  JASP Speedrun: Descriptive Statistics [Video]  for a brief tutorial on this assessment.

· As you work on this assessment, refer to the  7864 Data Set Instructions [PDF]  file for information on variables used in this course.

· Provide a title for your document and your name.

Download the 7864 data set,  grades.jasp, which is a sample data set, and save it to your computer. The data represent a teacher’s recording of student demographics and performance on quizzes and a final exam. For this assessment, you will create and describe two histograms and a descriptives table using these data.

Section 1: Histograms for Visual Interpretation

Using the final and lowup variables in your grades.jasp data set, create two histograms and paste them into your Word document:

Variables and Definitions

Create:

· A histogram for lower division.

· A histogram for upper division.

Briefly describe what a visual inspection of this output tells you about the shape of the distributions.

Section 2: Calculate Measures of Central Tendency and Dispersion

Using the  grades.jasp file, compute descriptive statistics, including mean, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis for gpa and quiz3.

Variables and Definitions

Create a descriptives table and paste it into your Word document.

Under the table:

· Report the mean, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis for GPA and quiz3.

· Briefly describe what skewness and kurtosis tell you about these data with regard to normality.

Submit both sections of your assessment as an attached Word document.

Software

The following statistical analysis software is required to complete your assessments in this course:

· Jeffreys’s Amazing Statistics Program (JASP).

Refer to the  Tools and Software: JASP  page on Campus for general information. Make sure that your statistical software is downloaded, installed, and running properly on your computer.

Competencies Measured

By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the course competencies through the following assessment scoring guide criteria:

· Competency 4: Interpret the results of statistical analyses.

. Below the output, provide an accurate interpretation of histograms for lower division students and upper division students.

. Below the output, report descriptive statistics and interpret skew and kurtosis values.

· Competency 5: Apply a statistical programs procedure to data.

. Provide histograms for lower division students and upper division students.

. Provide a descriptive statistics table.

RUBRICS

1, Provide histograms for lower division students and upper division students. Nearly flawless output

2, Below the output, provide an accurate interpretation of histograms for lower division students and upper division students. Accurately interprets the histograms.

3, Provide a descriptive statistics table. Nearly flawless output.

4, Below the output, report descriptive statistics and interpret skew and kurtosis values. accurately reports descriptive statistics and accurately interprets skew and kurtosis.

Improvement Plan Tool Kit

For this assessment, you will develop a Word document or an online resource repository of at least 12 annotated professional or scholarly resources that you consider critical for the audience of your safety improvement plan, pertaining to medication administration, to understand or implement to ensure the success of the plan.

Introduction

Communication in the health care environment consists of an information-sharing experience whether through oral or written messages (Chard & Makary, 2015). As health care organizations and nurses strive to create a culture of safety and quality care, the importance of interprofessional collaboration, the development of tool kits, and the use of wikis become more relevant and vital. In addition to the dissemination of information and evidence-based findings and the development of tool kits, continuous support for and availability of such resources are critical. Among the most popular methods to promote ongoing dialogue and information sharing are blogs, wikis, websites, and social media. Nurses know how to support people in time of need or crisis and how to support one another in the workplace; wikis in particular enable nurses to continue that support beyond the work environment. Here they can be free to share their unique perspectives, educate others, and promote health care wellness at local and global levels. (Kaminski, 2016).

You are encouraged to complete the Determining the Relevance and Usefulness of Resources activity prior to developing the repository. This activity will help you determine which resources or research will be most relevant to address a particular need. This may be useful as you consider how to explain the purpose and relevance of the resources you are assembling for your tool kit. The activity is for your own practice and self-assessment, and demonstrates course engagement.

Demonstration of Proficiency

By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and assessment criteria:

· Competency 1: Analyze the elements of a successful quality improvement initiative.

· Analyze usefulness of resources for role group responsible for implementing quality and safety improvements with medication administration.

· Competency 2: Analyze factors that lead to patient safety risks.

· Analyze the value of resources to reduce patient safety risk or improve quality with medication administration.

· Competency 3: Identify organizational interventions to promote patient safety.

· Identify necessary resources to support the implementation and sustainability of a safety improvement initiative focusing on medication administration.

· Competency 5: Apply professional, scholarly, evidence-based strategies to communicate in a manner that supports safe and effective patient care.

· Present reasons and relevant situations for resource tool kit to be used by its target audience.

· Communicate resource tool kit in a clear, logically structured, and professional manner that applies current APA style and formatting.

References

Chard, R., & Makary, M. A. (2015). Transfer-of-care communication: Nursing best practices.  AORN Journal, 102(4), 329–342.

Kaminski, J. (2016). Why all nurses can/should be authors.  Canadian Journal of Nursing Informatics, 11(4), 1–7.

Professional Context-Nurses are often asked to implement processes, concepts, or practices—sometimes with little preparatory communication or education. One way to encourage sustainability of quality and process improvements is to assemble an accessible, user-friendly tool kit for knowledge and process documentation. Creating a resource repository or tool kit is also an excellent way to follow up an educational or in-service session, as it can help to reinforce attendees’ new knowledge as well as the understanding of its value. By practicing creating a simple online tool kit, you can develop valuable technology skills to improve your competence and efficacy. This technology is easy to use, and resources are available to guide you.

Scenario-For this assessment, consider taking one of these two approaches:

1. Build on the work done in your first three assessments and create an online tool kit or resource repository that will help the audience of your in-service understand the research behind your safety improvement plan pertaining to medication administration and put the plan into action.

2. Locate a safety improvement plan (your current organization, the Institution for Healthcare Improvement, or a publicly available safety improvement initiative) pertaining to medication administration and create an online tool kit or resource repository that will help an audience understand the research behind the safety improvement plan and how to put the plan into action.

Preparation- Google Sites is recommended for this assessment; the tools are free to use and should offer you a blend of flexibility and simplicity as you create your online tool kit. Please note that this requires a Google account; use your Gmail or GoogleDocs login, or create an account following the directions under the “Create Account” menu.

Refer to the following links to help you get started with Google Sites:

· G Suite Learning Center. (n.d.).  Get started with Sites . https://gsuite.google.com/learning-center/products/sites/get-started/#!/

· Google. (n.d.).  Sites . https://sites.google.com

· Google. (n.d.).  Sites help . https://support.google.com/sites/?hl=en#topic=

Instructions

Using Google Sites, assemble an online resource tool kit containing at least 12 annotated resources that you consider critical to the success of your safety improvement initiative. These resources should enable nurses and others to implement and maintain the safety improvement you have developed.

It is recommended that you focus on the 3 or 4 most critical categories or themes with respect to your safety improvement initiative pertaining to medication administration. For example, for an initiative that concerns improving workplace safety for practitioners, you might choose broad themes such as general organizational safety and quality best practices; environmental safety and quality risks; individual strategies to improve personal and team safety; and process best practices for reporting and improving environmental safety issues.

Following the recommended scheme, you would collect 3 resources on average for each of the 4 categories focusing on safety with medication administration. Each resource listing should include the following:

· An APA-formatted citation of the resource with a working link.

· A description of the information, skills, or tools provided by the resource.

· A brief explanation of how the resource can help nurses better understand or implement the safety improvement initiative pertaining to medication administration.

· A description of how nurses can use this resource and when its use may be appropriate.

Remember that you must make your site ‘public’ so that your faculty can access it. Check out the Google Sites resources for more information.

Here is an example entry:

· Merret, A., Thomas, P., Stephens, A., Moghabghab, R., & Gruneir, M. (2011).  A collaborative approach to fall prevention. Canadian Nurse, 107(8), 24–29.

· This article presents the Geriatric Emergency Management-Falls Intervention Team (GEM-FIT) project. It shows how a collaborative nurse lead project can be implemented and used to improve collaboration and interdisciplinary teamwork, as well as improve the delivery of health care services. This resource is likely more useful to nurses as a resource for strategies and models for assembling and participating in an interdisciplinary team than for specific fall-prevention strategies. It is suggested that this resource be reviewed prior to creating an interdisciplinary team for a collaborative project in a health care setting.

Additionally, be sure that your plan addresses the following, which corresponds to the grading criteria in the scoring guide. Please study the scoring guide carefully so you understand what is needed for a distinguished score.

· Identify necessary resources to support the implementation and continued sustainability of a safety improvement initiative pertaining to medication administration.

· Analyze the usefulness of resources to the role group responsible for implementing quality and safety improvements focusing on medication administration.

· Analyze the value of resources to reduce patient safety risk related to medication administration.

· Present reasons and relevant situations for use of resource tool kit by its target audience.

· Communicate in a clear, logically structured, and professional manner that applies current APA style and formatting.

Example Assessment: You may use the following example to give you an idea of what a Proficient or higher rating on the scoring guide would look like but keep in mind that your tool kit will focus on promoting safety with medication administration. Note that you do not have to submit your bibliography in addition to the Google Site; the example bibliography is merely for your reference.

· Assessment 4 Example [PDF]  Download Assessment 4 Example [PDF].

To submit your online tool kit assessment, paste the link to your Google Site in the assessment submission box.

Example Google Site: You may use the example Google Site,  Resources for Safety and Improvement Measures in Geropsychiatric Care, to give you an idea of what a Proficient or higher rating on the scoring guide would look like for this assessment but keep in mind that your tool kit will focus on promoting safety with medication administration.

Note: If you experience technical or other challenges in completing this assessment, please contact your faculty member.

Additional Requirements

· APA formatting: References and citations are formatted according to current APA style

Scoring Guide

Use the scoring guide to understand how your assessment will be evaluated.

Improvement Plan Tool Kit Scoring Guide

Analyze usefulness of resources for role group responsible for implementing quality and safety improvements with medication administration.

Analyze the value of resources to reduce patient safety risk or improve quality with medication administration.

Present reasons and relevant situations for resource tool kit use by its target audience.

Communicate resource tool kit in a clear, logically structured, and professional manner that applies current APA style and formatting.