Comment 1

Independent variables is a variable that is manipulated or varied by the researcher, and the dependent variable is the measurement of the response to the independent variable (Rutgers University Library, 2018). The independent variables of my project would be the age, sex, training, and degree of the nurses and other health care staff. The dependent variables would be formulating questions to further research-based knowledge, use the databases to find out relevant knowledge, and participate in the implementation of research-based knowledge in practice Boström, Rudman, Ehrenberg, Gustavsson, & Wallin, 2013).

I need to collect both the independent and dependent variables because I need to see the relationship between the nurses and health care staff, and their knowledge and abilities to carry out the EBP project. In order to determine the effectiveness of the EBP project, a study must be done. The independent variables would be manipulated by giving them the knowledge and resources to provide better quality care. Better quality care would improve and decrease incidences of pressure ulcers. The dependent variable would determine if the project was successful or not.

Comment 2

My EBP project is focusing on staff retention of newly hired nurses on the nights shift. The dependent variable that I will be measuring is the reduction of nurse turnover after use of mentor/mentee program in first three months of employment. The independent variable is the three-month time frame and the use of nurses in research.

An article from Sarikas, (2018) describes the independent and dependent variable relationship like this. The independent variable is what I want to change (i.e. use of mentor/mentee program). The dependent variable is what changes (i.e. rate of new nurse turnover).

Collection of the dependent variables will show the success or lack of success in implementing the use of a mentorship program that will reduce the rate of newly hired nurse turnover. This information will show an improvement in nurse confidence and job satisfaction which will affect patient satisfaction. If the nurses are happy the patients will benefit through more confident and patient centered care. The independent variable would be the implementation of the mentorship program that will promote nurse satisfaction over a three-month period.

Comment 3 DQ 2

Statistical significance and clinical significance are vital is determining how effective different studies are. Studies have shown that clinical significance is difficult to define and has different meanings. According to Polit (2017), one definition is “the degree of improvement experiences by patients (e.g., the amount of pain reduction among patients with cancer)” (p. 18). Another definition is “the absence of change (e.g., the absence of deterioration in spirometry test values among patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis” or there is change, “the amount of change that would be clinically significant might depend on what the “baseline” value is” (p. 18). Statistical significance is defined as the way “to indicate that the result of a statistical analysis probably are not attributable to chance or serendipity, at a specified level of probability” (Polit, 2017, p. 18). A major difference between clinical significance and statistical significance, statistical significance is affected by sample size; whereas, clinical significance relies on patient-reported outcomes, such as quality of life and pain to determine the effectiveness of interventions.

I can use clinical significance to support positive outcomes in my project by ensuring that staff and management are aware of the guidelines of the project. I would also try to motivate the staff to implement the change in patient care by informing them how engaging in the interventions would improve patient outcomes. It would also improve staff outcomes because the patients would have less instances of pressure ulcer development, and the nurses and other staff can focus on other parts of patient care. Other types of care would include medication administration and ADLs. The company would also save money on the supplies needed to heal and treat pressure wounds. The company could use the money they save on other supplies, improve the facility, or give back to the employees.

Comment 4

Clinical significance is defined as a subjective explanation of a research result as practical or useful for the patient and likely to affect provider behavior and statistical significance deals with the probability that a research result is accurate according to Thompson (2017).

Clinical significance (CS) can also be know as clinical importance or practical importance. CS relates to the research results effect on patient outcomes relating to pain, treatment effects, or comfort. CS is a subjective decision that tells us how effective the research may be to patients,

Statistical significance (SS) tells us the chance that research is a chance finding, according to Thompson (2017). SS is based on the sample size and depending on how large the sample is, most can be statistically significant.

Clinical significance can be used to support outcomes in my EBP by showing the value in retaining staff and investing in supporting and maintaining newly hired nurses through mentorship programs. Breaking down the financial savings associated with hiring and training nurses only to have them leave the job or transfer to other departments or shifts is expensive and developing or maintaining a mentorship program will show the value involved in nurse retention.

Respond to this post with a positive response :

Ask a probing question, substantiated with additional background information, evidence or research.

Share an insight from having read your colleagues’ postings, synthesizing the information to provide new perspectives.

Offer and support an alternative perspective using readings from the classroom or from your own research in the Walden Library.

Validate an idea with your own experience and additional research.

Make a suggestion based on additional evidence drawn from readings or after synthesizing multiple postings.

Expand on your colleagues’ postings by providing additional insights or contrasting perspectives based on readings and evidence.

Use  references

                                                     Main Post

The burden of mental illness in the United States is among the highest of all diseases, and mental disorders are among the most common causes of disability (HealthyPeople.gov, 2014). Many people with a variety of mental disorders are disadvantaged because of poor access to health care. Poor access to care can be due to several reasons, and those reasons range from lack of employment and insurance to knowledge deficiencies surrounding mental conditions and the need to get help. Several factors can play into this, such as the behavior of an individual. Individual determinants include stress, coping mechanisms, risk-taking behaviors, and openness. Another factor is social environment determinants. These determinants include access to good education and a supportive network of people, access to employment for income, and community dynamics. A third factor is physical environment. Physical environment determinants include access to parks and safe sidewalks for physical activity to relieve stress, supportive house environment with no violence, residential crowding, home conditions, and exposure to toxins at certain developmental stages. Lastly, genetic factors play a significant role in a person’s susceptibility to mental health issues. Disorders such as depression, schizophrenia, and autism are known to run in families through DNA transmission. 

In overlooking the five population determinants, the ones that most standout when it comes to mental health are access to healthcare and social environment determinants. According to an article in Social Solutions, more than half of Americans living with a mental health condition receive no treatment. These barriers to health access are due to financial burdens, lack of mental health providers, mental health education and awareness, the social stigma that surrounds mental health conditions, and racial barriers. Early screenings, accurate diagnoses, and appropriate treatment for mental illnesses can help to alleviate suffering from both patients and those close to the individual.  

The social determinants of health, defined as those conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work, and age that impact health and well-being are known to have major influences on diverse health outcomes (Shim et al., 2014, p. 23). Prevention at a population level will have the most significant impact. Providing health equity across a populational level regardless of economic or social status will play a crucial role when considering all five determinants of health. 

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2012), epidemiologic data provides enough evidence to direct swift and effective public health control and prevention measures. Mental health effects people of all ages. Data in HealthPeople.gov (2014), states that approximately 20% of children are affected within their lifetime and about 83% of adults have some type of mental illness. Epidemiologic data is gathered to analyze the health status of a population living in an environment and then utilize that information to outline potential health impacts and quantify them. This information is then used as a direct link to policy-making decisions. 

References

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2012). Lesson 1: Introduction to epidemiology. 

Retrieved December 17, 2018, from https://www.cdc.gov/ophss/csels/dsepd/ss1978/lesson1/section1.html

Gulis, G., & Fujino, Y. (2015). Epidemiology, population health, and health impact assessment. Journal of Epidemiology, 25(3), 179-180. https://doi.org/

HealthyPeople.gov. (2014). Mental health. Retrieved December 17, 2018, from https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/leading-health-indicators/2020-lhi-topics/Mental-Health/determinants

Kindig, D., Asada, Y., & Booske, B. (2008). A population health framework for setting national and state health goals. JAMA, 299(17), 2081–2083. Retrieved from https://jamanetwork-com.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/journals/jama/fullarticle/181830

Laureate Education (Producer). (2012). Population health. Baltimore, MD: Author.

Shim, R., Koplan, C., Langheim, F. J., Manseau, M. W., Powers, R. A., & Compton, M. T. (2014). The social determinants of mental health: An overview and call to action. Psychiatric Annals, 44(1), 22-26. Retrieved from http://m3.wyanokecdn.com/94bb6a43efb278e9eb152cdaf4e17b9a.pdf

Social Solutions. (n.d.). Top 5 barriers to mental healthcare access. Retrieved December 17, 2018, from https://www.socialsolutions.com/blog/barriers-to-mental-healthcare-access/  

 Details:

Prepare this assignment as a 1,500-1,750 word paper using the instructor feedback from the Topic 1, 2, and 3 assignments and the guidelines below.

PICOT Statement 

Revise the PICOT statement you wrote in the Topic 1 assignment.

The final PICOT statement will provide a framework for your capstone project (the project students must complete during their final course in the RN-BSN program of study).

Research Critiques

In the Topic 2 and Topic 3 assignments you completed a qualitative and quantitative research critique. Use the feedback you received from your instructor on these assignments to finalize the critical analysis of the study by making appropriate revisions.

The completed analysis should connect to your identified practice problem of interest that is the basis for your PICOT statement.

Refer to “Research Critique Guidelines.” Questions under each heading should be addressed as a narrative in the structure of a formal paper.

Proposed Evidence-Based Practice Change

Discuss the link between the PICOT statement, the research articles, and the nursing practice problem you identified. Include relevant details and supporting explanation and use that information to propose evidence-based practice changes.

Prepare this assignment according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center.

NRS-433V-RS-Research-Critique-Guidelines.docx 

Compare your scores from Week 1(38) to Week 8(48). How far have you come? How will you apply this information to continue to improve your informatics knowledge in nursing practice? Week 1 score 38. week 8 score 48

Post a description of your experience of using Grammarly and SafeAssign and share at least one insight you gained about paraphrasing and avoiding plagiarism as a matter of academic integrity.  Recommend at least one other online resource that supports scholarly writing, and explain your rationale. Lastly, share two APA formatting rules with the class and a specific page number in the APA manual where this rule can be located

Support your Discussion assignment with specific resources used in its preparation using APA formatting. You are asked to provide a reference for all resources, including those in the Learning Resources for this course.