Boards of Nursing (BONs) exist in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, and the Virgin Islands. Similar entities may also exist for different regions. The mission of BONs is the protection of the public through the regulation of nursing practice. BONs put into practice state/region regulations for nurses that, among other things, lay out the requirements for licensure and define the scope of nursing practice in that state/region.

It can be a valuable exercise to compare regulations among various state/regional boards of nursing. Doing so can help share insights that could be useful should there be future changes in a state/region. In addition, nurses may find the need to be licensed in multiple states or regions.

To Prepare:

• Review the Resources and reflect on the mission of state/regional boards of nursing as the protection of the public through the regulation of nursing practice.
• Consider how key regulations may impact nursing practice.
• Review key regulations for nursing practice of your state’s/region’s board of nursing and those of at least one other state/region and select at least two APRN regulations to focus on for this Discussion..

By Day 3 of Week 5

Post a comparison of at least two APRN board of nursing regulations in your state/region with those of at least one other state/region. Describe how they may differ. Be specific and provide examples. Then, explain how the regulations you selected may apply to Advanced Practice Registered Nurses (APRNs) who have legal authority to practice within the full scope of their education and experience. Provide at least one example of how APRNs may adhere to the two regulations you selected.

How does the community health nurse recognize bias, stereotypes, and implicit bias within the community? How should the nurse address these concepts to ensure health promotion activities are culturally competent? Propose strategies that you can employ to reduce cultural dissonance and bias to deliver culturally competent care. Include an evidence-based article that address the cultural issue. Cite and reference the article in APA format.

APA Style, at least 3 references and citations. PLEASE ANSWER EACH QUESTIONS CAREFULLY

1. DESCRIBE A SITUATION in which the nurse manager would use problem resolution in the workplace. Describe a situation in which the nurse manager would use negotiation to resolve a conflict (or potential conflict) in the workplace. 

2. COMPARE AND CONTRAST strategies for resolving a conflict, using first the informal negotiation method and then the formal negotiation method. 

3. Explore the American Nurses Association website for information on collective bargaining for nurses. Which states have nursing unions? Debate the issue of joining a union with another group of students. 

4. PART 1: Log onto the website of your state nurses association and search for information on collective bargaining. Search for news articles, union websites, and other recent information on collective bargaining for nurses in your state. Is there a great deal of collective bargaining activity in your state? If not, why? If yes, what are the primary issues under discussion?

PART 2: Review the pros and cons of becoming part of a collective bargaining unit. If you were a full-time staff nurse, would you want to join a union? Why or why not? 

Objectives:

Define  Consanguinity 

Identify global prevalence of consanguinity

Describe impact on population health risks

Discuss the cultural and ethical considerations of consanguineous unions. (Links to an external site.)

Note: Remember to check calendar or syllabus’s course summary for Response due date.

Background

As migrants move into western societies, long-held cultural beliefs arrive with them in their new communities, and are often misunderstood. Consanguineous marriage is one such cultural practice.  This social institution of marriage has been common across the globe throughout human history.  Today, it’s rate varies significantly from one population to another, depending on religion, public attitude, culture, legislation, socio-economic condition and geography.  

Over the past 5-10 years, the mapping of the Genome has vastly increased our knowledge of consanguinity’s heredity (autosomal-recessive) risks.  In western cultures, the rate of consanguinity is very low, compared to developing countries where in certain ethnic groups, may account for more than 50% of marriages. (M. Islam. 2017. Consanguineous marriage in Oman:  understanding the community awareness about congenital effects of and attitude towards consanguineous marriage.Annals of Human Biology, Vol 44(3), 273-286.)

For an overview of the health-related risks, review the following 2016 Australian public health Fact Sheet 18 | WHEN PARENTS ARE RELATED – CONSANGUINITY.pdf

Link here for Emory University Department of Human Genetics factsheet of Parents’ Reproductive options: Emory U_Reproductive Options for Carriers of Genetic Diseases_Pt flyer.pdf

 Read the below 2019 review article on cultures who practice consanguineous unions:Link to this article: 2019_A review of the reproductive consequences of consanguinity.pdf(FYI when reading a scholarly article read the sections in this order:

1. Title, abstract
2. Introduction
3. Discussion
4. View tables
5. Conclusion
6. Methods and findings (if you need to know the specific stats.) 

To do:

Primary post: write a 400 word essay using APA discussion qualities (excellent organization, grammar, spelling, citations, introduction, body and conclusion, 3 (or more) references). 

You are a PHN assigned to a district that has a large ethnic population with a high incidence of consanguineous marriages.  The local community health clinic provides primary care to this population.  You are planning a pre-conception genetic education class that respects the users’ rights to informed consent and privacy. The education provided must be culturally sensitive, accurate, and respectful to long-held beliefs. To be informed, you review the 2019 evidence (article linked above).

1. Introduce and define Consanguinity (i.e., consanguineous marriages).  
2. Specify the genetic risks of consanguineous marriages.   
3. Identify global prevalence of consanguinity.  What are the five countries with the highest incidence of consanguineous marriages ( list percentages, too)?  
4. Identify two (2) U.S. communities that are at risk.
5. Discuss three (3) of the social/cultural beliefs that are predisposing or perpetuating factors for these consanguineous practices.
6. Discuss two factors that have reduced consanguinity in some populations.  
7. Discuss confidentiality issues:  Link to the following American Journal of Nursing website: (Links to an external site.) Discuss ethical and privacy issues you, as a PHN, must consider if/whether to disclose genetic information to
   •  a spouse or
   •  to relatives.

8. Conclude with your opinion of weighing the cultural issues and ethical obligations to inform the at-risk party of genetic risks, and, legal requirements to respect and protect the patient’s privacy.

(FYI Here is link to GINA (Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act) passed in 2008) (Links to an external site.)

(Link here for GINA in pdf for laypersons’ literacy level)

Module 3.1 Learning Resources 

Readings:

· Nelson, R., & Staggers, N. (2018). Health informatics: An interprofessional approach (2nd ed.). St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier. 

o Chapter 16 Strategic Planning and Selecting an Information System

o Chapter 17 Project Management Principles for Health Informatics

o Chapter 18 Contract Negotiations and Software Licensing

o Chapter 19 Implementing and Upgrading and Information System

o Chapter 20 Downtime and Disaster Recovery for health Information Systems

· Harrison, J. P. (2010). Strategic planning and SWOT analysis. Essentials of strategic planning in healthcare (pp 91-97). Health Administration Press. Retrieved from https://www.ache.org/pdf/secure/gifts/Harrison_Chapter5.pdf  

· Punke, H. and Zimmerman, B. (2017, January 18). 10 Top patient issues for 2017. Retrieved from: http://www.beckershospitalreview.com/quality/10-top-patient-safety-issues-for-2017.html 

Optional:

· American Medical Association. (2018). Electronic health record (E H R) software selection and purchase. Retrieved from https://www.stepsforward.org/modules/ehr-software-vendor-selection 

· Moja, L. et al. (2014). Effectiveness of computerized decision support systems linked to electronic health records: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Accessed from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4232126/ 

· HealthIT. (2016). E H R contracts untangled. Retrieved from https://www.healthit.gov/sites/default/files/playbook/pdf/ehr-contract-guide.pdf

Media:

· Laureate Education (Producer). (2017). The Systems Development Life Cycle [Multimedia file]. Baltimore, MD: Author

· Module 3.1 Acitvity 

This Learning Activity will help you to develop skill

Competency Modules:

In this competency you will examine three learning modules:

• Module 3.1.: Life Cycle of a Health Information System 

It is recommended that you complete this optional activity.

Life Cycle of a Health Information 

System includes the replacement of the information system currently in place for the electronic health record in the hospital and associated provider offices.

You will create a voice over PowerPoint presentation with speaker notes, that addresses:

· The system life cycle process and the role of employees in the process.

· The identification and roles of at least five stakeholders.

· Explain the purpose of a minimum of four key project management tools planned for the project

· Develop a communication plan for the project. In addition to the course resources, include a minimum of three scholarly resources.

Prepare the reference list according to current APA guidelines.