Where can you find evidence to inform your thoughts and scholarly writing? Throughout your degree program, you will use research literature to explore ideas, guide your thinking, and gain new insights. As you search the research literature, it is important to use resources that are peer-reviewed and from scholarly journals. You may already have some favorite online resources and databases that you use or have found useful in the past. For this Discussion, you explore databases available through the Walden Library.

To Prepare:

· Review the information presented in the Learning Resources for using the Walden Library, searching the databases, and evaluating online resources.

· Begin searching for a peer-reviewed article that pertains to your practice area and interests you.

Post the following:

Using proper APA formatting, cite the peer-reviewed article you selected that pertains to your practice area and is of particular interest to you and identify the database that you used to search for the article. Explain any difficulties you experienced while searching for this article. Would this database be useful to your colleagues? Explain why or why not. Would you recommend this database? Explain why or why not.

 Eaton, S. E. (2010). Reading strategies: Differences between summarizing and synthesizing. Retrieved from https://drsaraheaton.wordpress.com/2010/09/29/reading-strategies-differneces-between-summarizing-and-synthesizing/

Smith, T. (2009). Critical appraisal of quantitative and qualitative research literature. Austrian Institute of Radiography, 56(3), 6–10. Retrieved from http://www.minnisjournals.com.au/articles/radiographer%20smith%20dec%2009.pdf

Walden University Library. (n.d.). Databases A-Z: Nursing. Retrieved October 4, 2019 from https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/az.php?s=19981

Walden University Library. (n.d.). Evaluating resources: Journals. Retrieved October 4, 2019, from https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/library/evaluating/resource-types/journals

Walden University Library. (n.d.). Instructional media: Fundamentals of library research. Retrieved October 4, 2019 from https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/library/instructionalmedia/researchfundamentals

Walden University Writing Center. (n.d.). Retrieved November 14, 2018, from https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/home

Walden University Writing Center. (n.d.). Scholarly writing: Overview. Retrieved November 14, 2018, from https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/scholarly

Where can you find evidence to inform your thoughts and scholarly writing? Throughout your degree program, you will use research literature to explore ideas, guide your thinking, and gain new insights. As you search the research literature, it is important to use resources that are peer-reviewed and from scholarly journals. You may already have some favorite online resources and databases that you use or have found useful in the past. For this Discussion, you explore databases available through the Walden Library.

To Prepare:

· Review the information presented in the Learning Resources for using the Walden Library, searching the databases, and evaluating online resources.

· Begin searching for a peer-reviewed article that pertains to your practice area and interests you.

Post the following:

Using proper APA formatting, cite the peer-reviewed article you selected that pertains to your practice area and is of particular interest to you and identify the database that you used to search for the article. Explain any difficulties you experienced while searching for this article. Would this database be useful to your colleagues? Explain why or why not. Would you recommend this database? Explain why or why not.

 Eaton, S. E. (2010). Reading strategies: Differences between summarizing and synthesizing. Retrieved from https://drsaraheaton.wordpress.com/2010/09/29/reading-strategies-differneces-between-summarizing-and-synthesizing/

Smith, T. (2009). Critical appraisal of quantitative and qualitative research literature. Austrian Institute of Radiography, 56(3), 6–10. Retrieved from http://www.minnisjournals.com.au/articles/radiographer%20smith%20dec%2009.pdf

Walden University Library. (n.d.). Databases A-Z: Nursing. Retrieved October 4, 2019 from https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/az.php?s=19981

Walden University Library. (n.d.). Evaluating resources: Journals. Retrieved October 4, 2019, from https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/library/evaluating/resource-types/journals

Walden University Library. (n.d.). Instructional media: Fundamentals of library research. Retrieved October 4, 2019 from https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/library/instructionalmedia/researchfundamentals

Walden University Writing Center. (n.d.). Retrieved November 14, 2018, from https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/home

Walden University Writing Center. (n.d.). Scholarly writing: Overview. Retrieved November 14, 2018, from https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/scholarly

Overview

For Assignment 2, you will assess the ethical aspects of a healthcare industry managerial practice.  This analytical paper provides you with an opportunity to think critically about the challenging ethical and moral issues routinely faced by healthcare managers and introduces you to the four principles of medical ethics and the ethical code of the American College of Healthcare Executives (ACHE).

Description

Background
You are a member of your organization’s ethics committee.  At this month’s meeting of the committee, two issues were discussed.  The CEO has asked you to brief the new board chair on the importance of ethics in healthcare, how they differ from other industries, and how they apply to these specific circumstances.  Select one of the two following scenarios as the focus of your analysis.

Case 1: Hospital Policy on Influenza Immunization
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have issued an advisory that the coming “flu season” is expected to be unusually severe.  CDC projects a potentially historic level of illness and flu-related deaths.

Response to this, the president of the medical staff has recommended that hospital staff, employees, and volunteers receive mandatory influenza immunizations.  With exceptions for those who are allergic and anyone with a valid religious prohibition against vaccination, those who refuse the immunization would not be allowed to work. There is a small, but vocal, contingent of employees (including some nurses who are advocating for unionization of the nursing staff) who object to this policy, stating it is an infringement on individual rights and patient self-determination.

Three questions to answer are below.
1. What issues should be considered in establishing this policy?
2. To what groups is responsibility owed?
3. What will you recommend to the hospital Board and C-Suite?

Case 2: Balancing Needs
Your facility is a critical access hospital (CAH) serving a largely rural catchment area.  The next nearest hospital, a comprehensive medical center is several hours distant.

During the monthly utilization review, the emergency department medical director noted a marked increase in cases of renal distress and failure, and that many of these patients do not have health insurance.  They have been treated in accordance with the Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA), the federal statute that requires hospitals to assess and stabilize anyone presenting for emergency services, regardless of ability to pay.

The chief of medical services responds that end-stage renal disease requires ongoing evaluation and treatment, but that this is neither covered by EMTALA nor does the current medical staff have a specialist in this field.

Three questions to answer are below.
1. What issues should be considered in addressing this situation?
2. To what groups is responsibility owed?
3. What will you recommend to the hospital Board and C-Suite?

Paper Expectations and Requirements
The case scenarios reflect the types of situations you may encounter as a leader in health care. They are complex and offer no clear options or solutions. Therefore, your research should include at least five scholarly sources.

Overall, the paper should use separate major section headings. As necessary, sub-section headings should be included. The paper should include responses to the three points below.
1. Summarizes the relevant issues raised by the case.
2. An explanation of why those issues raise ethical concerns.
3. How the ACHE Code of Ethics or a similar professional code of ethics can be used to determine the proper response by a healthcare leader.

Also, whether select either Case 1 or Case 2, the paper should answer each of the questions identified under each case. Regarding the use of sections headings described above, here is a suggested to consider. You may want to use a major section heading and three subsection headings that provide answers to the three questions under either Case 1: Hospital Policy on Influenza Immunization or Case 2: Balancing Needs.

Paper Format
1. A title sheet, abstract, body of the paper, and reference list are all required for this paper.  The body of the paper should include 1,000 to 1,200 words.
2. The paper should use MS Word and in 7th Edition APA format, with 1-inch margins on all sides, double-spaced and 12 pt. Times New Roman font.

General Comments Regarding Grading
Assignment 2 is worth 20 points. Grading will be based on the requirements and expectations provided in the above sections and the Grading Rubric will be used as a guide.

Overview

For Assignment 2, you will assess the ethical aspects of a healthcare industry managerial practice.  This analytical paper provides you with an opportunity to think critically about the challenging ethical and moral issues routinely faced by healthcare managers and introduces you to the four principles of medical ethics and the ethical code of the American College of Healthcare Executives (ACHE).

Description

Background
You are a member of your organization’s ethics committee.  At this month’s meeting of the committee, two issues were discussed.  The CEO has asked you to brief the new board chair on the importance of ethics in healthcare, how they differ from other industries, and how they apply to these specific circumstances.  Select one of the two following scenarios as the focus of your analysis.

Case 1: Hospital Policy on Influenza Immunization
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have issued an advisory that the coming “flu season” is expected to be unusually severe.  CDC projects a potentially historic level of illness and flu-related deaths.

Response to this, the president of the medical staff has recommended that hospital staff, employees, and volunteers receive mandatory influenza immunizations.  With exceptions for those who are allergic and anyone with a valid religious prohibition against vaccination, those who refuse the immunization would not be allowed to work. There is a small, but vocal, contingent of employees (including some nurses who are advocating for unionization of the nursing staff) who object to this policy, stating it is an infringement on individual rights and patient self-determination.

Three questions to answer are below.
1. What issues should be considered in establishing this policy?
2. To what groups is responsibility owed?
3. What will you recommend to the hospital Board and C-Suite?

Case 2: Balancing Needs
Your facility is a critical access hospital (CAH) serving a largely rural catchment area.  The next nearest hospital, a comprehensive medical center is several hours distant.

During the monthly utilization review, the emergency department medical director noted a marked increase in cases of renal distress and failure, and that many of these patients do not have health insurance.  They have been treated in accordance with the Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA), the federal statute that requires hospitals to assess and stabilize anyone presenting for emergency services, regardless of ability to pay.

The chief of medical services responds that end-stage renal disease requires ongoing evaluation and treatment, but that this is neither covered by EMTALA nor does the current medical staff have a specialist in this field.

Three questions to answer are below.
1. What issues should be considered in addressing this situation?
2. To what groups is responsibility owed?
3. What will you recommend to the hospital Board and C-Suite?

Paper Expectations and Requirements
The case scenarios reflect the types of situations you may encounter as a leader in health care. They are complex and offer no clear options or solutions. Therefore, your research should include at least five scholarly sources.

Overall, the paper should use separate major section headings. As necessary, sub-section headings should be included. The paper should include responses to the three points below.
1. Summarizes the relevant issues raised by the case.
2. An explanation of why those issues raise ethical concerns.
3. How the ACHE Code of Ethics or a similar professional code of ethics can be used to determine the proper response by a healthcare leader.

Also, whether select either Case 1 or Case 2, the paper should answer each of the questions identified under each case. Regarding the use of sections headings described above, here is a suggested to consider. You may want to use a major section heading and three subsection headings that provide answers to the three questions under either Case 1: Hospital Policy on Influenza Immunization or Case 2: Balancing Needs.

Paper Format
1. A title sheet, abstract, body of the paper, and reference list are all required for this paper.  The body of the paper should include 1,000 to 1,200 words.
2. The paper should use MS Word and in 7th Edition APA format, with 1-inch margins on all sides, double-spaced and 12 pt. Times New Roman font.

General Comments Regarding Grading
Assignment 2 is worth 20 points. Grading will be based on the requirements and expectations provided in the above sections and the Grading Rubric will be used as a guide.

One of the objectives of this course is to push students to evaluate their own biases, prejudices or misunderstandings. Students will, therefore, write a reflection paper (5-7 pages long) that assesses their own preconceptions about issues or people. Students may not feel comfortable admitting or writing about their biases but it is important to remember that the first step to solving a problem is admitting that you have one. 

You could write about a certain episode that happened in the past or you could write about a continuing struggle. Assess that prejudice through the lens of theories. No one is born prejudices but we learn it as we grow up. In your case, how did you learn about the prejudice, how do you believe you internalized it to the point where you started disliking the specific people/group? Use theories to analyze this learned behavior so that we know how behaviors are learned and imbibed in our lives.

You must include the following sections in your paper:

• Introduction – name the prejudice/bias, definitions, issues or groups you are referring to, any particular experience that led to it, 
• sources of bias
• Your thoughts, feelings, preconceived notions
• Relevant theories on how this belief was learned, reinforced
• Theories like system perspective, conflict perspective, social constructive perspective, exchange and choice perspective (these are the theory of human behavior)
• How it informed your behavior or your worldview
• What you are doing about it