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Re:Topic 5 DQ 1

 

It’s been 17 years since Haiti was hit with a 7.0 magnitude earthquake. This earthquake took the life’s of more than 220,000 people and injured approximately 330,000 others. Many individuals lost their life, loved ones, limbs, job, home, and tranquility. Haiti being one of the poorest and undeveloped countries predisposed its occupants to a great risk. Many individuals believe that the many catastrophic effects could have been lessened or prevented.

 

To start off, primary prevention measures should have been taken. This consist of earthquake awareness and preparedness. According to Jones, (2010) Haiti did not have a seismologist. A seismologist is one that studies the seismic waves, energy waves caused by rocks suddenly breaking apart within the earth or the slipping of tectonic plates. Seismologist use graphs and computers equipment to collect and analyze data on seismic events. They predict earthquakes and tsunamis. It was after the earthquake that they incorporated the use of seismologists, improvements of seismic hazard maps were done, and earthquake awareness campaign took place.

 

Secondary prevention could consist of emergency equipment on hand. Emergency equipment can be the use of bottled water, antibiotics, first aid equipment, and tetanus immunizations. This could help prevent the outbreak of cholera and tetanus. Due to the large amount of injuries caused by debris and unsanitary conditions, individuals are prone to developing tetanus and other illnesses.

 

Tertiary prevention can be the use of medical counselors/therapists to help individuals cope with the aftermath of these disasters. Experiencing a catastrophic event can lead to much pain, suffering, anxiety, insomnia, and many other problems. Individuals need to be able to be heard, express their feelings and concerns. Receiving therapy can help alleviate these symptoms and help individuals cope with their losses.

 

I believe that all these interventions can be proposed during the primary prevention phase. There has to be a plan ahead of time that will incorporate all important things needed. Looking out for individuals as a whole is very important and beneficial to their wellbeing. One can discuss these things with organizations as the Red Cross, CDC, and UNICEF. These organizations offer much help in disasters and prevention of illnesses.

 

 

 

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Re:Topic 1 DQ 1

 

Statistics and graphics continue to be the most tools for approving and disapproving theories in the present times. Different people use statistics and graphics for other several reasons and in different industries including sensitive fields like medication and healthcare. However, these graphics and statistics can be used inappropriately either with or without knowledge to mislead people. There are different ways that statistics and graphics can be used to misinterpret data.

 

Differences between the causation and association is the first way of misinterpreting data. At times, researchers may conclude that one variable in a research cause another variable because the two variables affect each other (Okeh, 2009). It is not true that since one variable affects another that one of them should cause another. Therefore, concluding in such dimension is a way of data misinterpretation.

 

The second way is to involve biasness and personal opinions in collection and representation of data. To explain this, an example of unevenly distributed data can lead to misinterpretation through graphics by making some abnormal exaggerations. For instance, a researcher may want to display the buying trends of coffee in a certain state over the past five years. During representation of data in a bar chart, some of the year may have insignificantly low sales that the researcher decides to increase the bar for that year to be visible. This action may lead to misinterpretation of data by the audience to which the data is represen

 

Errors is another way in which data can be misinterpreted. Errors in data analysis can lead to poor data representation thus leading to misinterpretation. Most individuals believe in statistics and when the graphs are drawn to present data, they tend to believe the trends regardless of the errors that were made.

 

Scenarios

 

Data misinterpretation exists in several fields including the competitive markets and industries like pharmaceutical and healthcare. In pharmaceuticals, more than one medication or drug exist in the market that may serve one purpose. To make a particular type of drug to standout, commercials are used with personal opinions in data analysis and interpretation (Okeh, 2009). For instance, one of the commercials used small prints to display information about the guarantee of the benefits. In other instances, the benefits of one drug are represented in a larger scale as compared to the benefits of competing drugs to create intention misinterpretation of data by consumers.

 

Another example is the presidential election that was conducted in 1936 where predictions of the winner favored London. The polls were wrong because the winner was Roosevelt. The reason for this misinterpretation is the bias where lower income groups were excluded from the polls and taking too low sample size.

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https://youtu.be/dpuVaFlqKjU

 

Topic

Balancing Care with patient ratios

When nurses don’t follow up on patients due to time constraints but charts that they did cause a major ethical problem.

need to make sure that we can

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Ellen Watson is a 65-year-old white woman who just had a colon resection for a cancerous tumor. The surgeon ordered a morphine PCA pump to control the pain. Mrs. Watson has severe arthritis in her hands and lower back. She is on a daily NSAID to control the pain related to the arthritis. Her daughter Marie is staying with her during the hospitalization because Mrs. Watson is a widow. Mrs. Watson has not had surgery before, so she is not sure what to expect. She is upset about the diagnosis of cancer. Lana Bridges is a student nurse assigned to care for Mrs. Watson. She is in her last clinical rotation and will be administering all medications with her instructor’s supervision.

 

1. Lana goes in to meet Mrs. Watson, and Mrs. Watson is holding her abdomen and is restless. She is pale. Lana asks Mrs. Watson to rate her pain on a scale of 1 to 10 with 10 being the worst pain you could have. Mrs. Watson tells Lana that it is a 9. Lana checks the PCA pump and notices that Mrs. Watson has not been pushing the button for medication delivery. What should Lana do to alleviate the pain?

 

Answer (10 points):

 

Rationale (10 points):

 

2.  Mrs. Watson tells Lana that she is worried about getting addicted to the morphine because she has heard that it can happen. How should Lana respond?

A. “Don’t worry. The cancer prevents you from becoming addicted.”

B. “It is okay. Because you have severe pain, the medication is necessary. There is little chance of addiction.”

C. “That is a valid worry. I wouldn’t want to become addicted.”

D. “My cousin was addicted to pain killers when he had cancer.”

 

Answer (10 points):         

 

 

Rationale (10 points):

 

3. Lana is developing Mrs. Watson’s care plan. She wants to add more interventions and not just deliver pain medication. What are some other nursing actions that would be helpful to Mrs. Watson? (Select all that apply.)

A. Relaxation techniques

B. Distractions such as music

C. Cold or heat applications

D. Massage

 

Answer (2 points each):

 

 

Rationale (10 points):

 

4. Lana is assigned to Mrs. Watson 2 days later. While she is in the room, Mrs. Watson tells Lana that she is afraid of the cancer because there is always so much pain associated with it. She asks Lana how to they treat cancer pain. How should Lana respond to this question?

 

Answer (10 points):

 

 

Rationale (10 points):

 

5. Visit the American Pain Society website (www.ampainsoc.org), access the resources page (http://americanpainsociety.org/education/resources), and report three facts new to them about pain management or resources.

 

Fact One (3 points)

 

 

Fact Two (3 Points)

 

 

Fact Three (3 points)

 

 

6. How can knowledge gained from the new facts about pain management improve nursing practice (14 points)?

 

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