Home>Homework Answsers>Nursing homework helpnursingIntegumentary Function:K.B. is a 40-year-old white female with a 5-year history of psoriasis. She has scheduled an appointment with her dermatologist due to another relapse of psoriasis. This is her third flare-up since a definitive diagnosis was made. This outbreak of plaque psoriasis is generalized and involves large regions on the arms, legs, elbows, knees, abdomen, scalp, and groin. K.B. was diagnosed with limited plaque-type psoriasis at age 35 and initially responded well to topical treatment with high-potency corticosteroids. She has been in remission for 18 months. Until now, lesions have been confined to small regions on the elbows and lower legs.Case Study QuestionsName the most common triggers for psoriasis and explain the different clinical types.There are several types of treatments for psoriasis, explain the different types and indicate which would be the most appropriate approach to treat this relapse episode for K.B. Also include non-pharmacological options and recommendations.Included in question 2A medication review and reconciliation are always important in all patient, describe and specify why in this particular case is important to know what medications the patient is taking?What others manifestation could present a patient with Psoriasis?Sensory Function:C.J. is a 27-year-old male who started to present crusty and yellowish discharged on his eyes 24 hours ago. At the beginning he thought that washing his eyes vigorously the discharge will go away but by the contrary increased producing a blurry vision specially in the morning. Once he clears his eyes of the sticky discharge her visual acuity was normal again. Also, he has been feeling throbbing pain on his left ear. His eyes became red today, so he decided to consult to get evaluated. On his physical assessment you found a yellowish discharge and bilateral conjunctival erythema. His throat and lungs are normal, his left ear canal is within normal limits, but the tympanic membrane is opaque, bulging and red.Case Study QuestionsBased on the clinical manifestations presented on the case above, which would be your eyes diagnosis for C.J. Please name why you get to this diagnosis and document your rational.With no further information would you be able to name the probable etiology of the eye affection presented? Viral, bacterial, allergic, gonococcal, trachoma. Why and why not.Based on your answer to the previous question regarding the etiology of the eye affection, which would be the best therapeutic approach to C.J problem.13 days ago22.06.20257Report issueBids(56)Dr. Ellen RMMISS HILLARY A+Prof Double RProf. TOPGRADEDr. Sarah Blakefirstclass tutorMiss Deannasherry proffMUSYOKIONES A+Dr ClovergrA+de plusSheryl HoganPROF_ALISTERpacesetters2121ProWritingGuruIsabella HarvardBrilliant GeekWIZARD_KIMTeacher A+ WorkAshley EllieShow All Bidsother Questions(10)2 pages APAUnit VI Case StudyRESEARCH ARTICLE ON ANOVA/DISCUSSION ON ANOVAExtraordinary RenditionAssignment- Due in 7 hoursAlgebra Lab workClass 505 Unit 6 AssignmentRESPOND 1Nursing homework. Due 9/9/17 at 1400 hrs.Agency visit report and interview

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Home>Homework Answsers>Nursing homework helpnursing12 days ago19.06.20258Report issuefiles (1)612Case5.docx612Case5.docxCase 5A 79-year-old male remarks on his first visit that he has noticed a gradual decrease in vision in both his eyes since last year. His old medical record has not yet arrived at your office. He states that since he moved from Florida a year ago, he has not had an eye examination and does not yet know an ophthalmologist. He is having difficulty carrying on his activities of daily living that involve his sight. He states that he cannot recognize people at some distance until they come quite close and he is often frightened by his perception of strangers speaking to him. Watching television and reading are becoming increasingly difficult for him. He states that glare is a problem and notes that a few times he almost tripped over something on the floor. He still drives his car in the local community. He asks if you think he may have a cataract. He says his wife had two cataracts in the past and he remembers her complaining of vision problems which have now resolved.Vital Signs:BP 128/84; HR 82; RR 18; BMI 24.Chief Complaint:Decrease in my vision; glare is very bothersome!Discuss the following:1) What additional subjective data are you seeking to include past medical history, social, and relevant family history?
2) What additional objective data will you be assessing for?
3) What are the differential diagnoses that you are considering?
4) What laboratory tests will help you rule out some of the differential diagnoses?
5) What radiological examinations or additional diagnostic studies would you order?
6) What treatment and specific information about the prescription that you will give this patient?
7) What are the potential complications from the treatment ordered?
8) What additional laboratory tests might you consider ordering?
9) What additional patient teaching may be needed?
10) Will you be looking for a consult?Submission Instructions:· Your initial post should be at least 500 words, formatted and cited in current APA style with support from at least 2 academic sources.612Case5.docxCase 5A 79-year-old male remarks on his first visit that he has noticed a gradual decrease in vision in both his eyes since last year. His old medical record has not yet arrived at your office. He states that since he moved from Florida a year ago, he has not had an eye examination and does not yet know an ophthalmologist. He is having difficulty carrying on his activities of daily living that involve his sight. He states that he cannot recognize people at some distance until they come quite close and he is often frightened by his perception of strangers speaking to him. Watching television and reading are becoming increasingly difficult for him. He states that glare is a problem and notes that a few times he almost tripped over something on the floor. He still drives his car in the local community. He asks if you think he may have a cataract. He says his wife had two cataracts in the past and he remembers her complaining of vision problems which have now resolved.Vital Signs:BP 128/84; HR 82; RR 18; BMI 24.Chief Complaint:Decrease in my vision; glare is very bothersome!Discuss the following:1) What additional subjective data are you seeking to include past medical history, social, and relevant family history?
2) What additional objective data will you be assessing for?
3) What are the differential diagnoses that you are considering?
4) What laboratory tests will help you rule out some of the differential diagnoses?
5) What radiological examinations or additional diagnostic studies would you order?
6) What treatment and specific information about the prescription that you will give this patient?
7) What are the potential complications from the treatment ordered?
8) What additional laboratory tests might you consider ordering?
9) What additional patient teaching may be needed?
10) Will you be looking for a consult?Submission Instructions:· Your initial post should be at least 500 words, formatted and cited in current APA style with support from at least 2 academic sources.Bids(50)Dr. Ellen RMMISS HILLARY A+Dr. Aylin JMnicohwilliamProf Double RProf. TOPGRADEDr. Sarah Blakefirstclass tutorDoctor.NamiraMiss Deannasherry proffMUSYOKIONES A+Dr ClovergrA+de plusSheryl HoganPROF_ALISTERProWritingGuruIsabella HarvardBrilliant GeekWIZARD_KIMShow All Bidsother Questions(10)CRJ 180 Case studymanagement 350IT/200 (AAIW1KYMK2As a potential business owner, discuss why and how you can use accounting in your business by answering the following…rPhase 2 DB Social PerceptionHIST101 WEEK 2 FORUMwanlsieplease help me if you can anyoneTOPIC: Productivity: 25 Pages

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Home>Homework Answsers>Nursing homework help12 days ago19.06.202525Report issuefiles (2)HealthPromotionProposal2.docxHealthPromotionProposalPart11.docxHealthPromotionProposal2.docxHealth Promotion Proposal, Part 2Exercise InstructionsHealth Promotion Proposal, Part 2This is a continuation of the health promotion program proposal, part one, which you submitted previously.Please approach this assignment as an opportunity to integrate instructor feedback from part I and expand on ideas adhering to the components of the MAP-IT strategy. Include necessary levels of detail you feel appropriate to assure stakeholder buy-in.DirectionsYou have already completed the steps 1-4.Do not resubmit part 1.Make sure you incorporate any suggested revisions or improvements into your submission according to your instructor’s comments.To assist in maintaining harmony between Part I and 2 here you have a reminder of the previous paper outline:· 1. Describe the health problem. Using data and statistics support your claim that the issue you selected is a problem. What specifically will you address in your proposed health promotion program? Be sure your proposed outcome is realistic and measurable.· 2. Describe the vulnerable population and setting. What are the risk factors that make this a vulnerable population? Use evidence to support the risk factors you have identified.· 3. Provide a review of literature from scholarly journals on evidence-based interventions that address the problem. After completing a library search related to effective interventions for your chosen health promotion activity, you will write a review that evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of all the sources you have found. You might consult research texts for information on how to write a review of the literature found in your search.· 4. Select an appropriate health promotion/disease prevention theoretical framework or conceptual model that would best serve as the framework guiding the proposal. Provide a rationale for your selection which includes a discussion of the concepts of the selected modelFor this assignment develop criteria 5-8 as detailed below:You will submit just this section 5-8 as an essay. Please do not resubmit Part 1.Use a presentation page. Start the body of content with topic 5.· 5. Propose a health promotion program using an evidence-based intervention found in your literature search to address the problem in the selected population/setting. Include a thorough discussion of the specifics of this intervention which includes resources necessary, those involved, and feasibility for a nurse in an advanced role.· Be certain to include a timeline. (3 to 4 paragraphs- you may use bullets if appropriate).· 6. Thoroughly describe the intended outcomes. Describe the outcomes in detail concurrent with the SMART goal approach.The SMART goal statement should be no more than one sentence(1 paragraph).· 7. Provide a detailed plan for the evaluation of each outcome. (2-3 paragraphs).· 8. Thoroughly describe possible barriers/challenges to implementing the proposed project as well as strategies to address these barriers/challenges. (2+ paragraphs).· Finish the paper with a conclusion paragraph (2 paragraphs) without typing the word “conclusion” before the paragraph.Paper RequirementsThis assignment is to be submitted as an essay- with an introduction, questions developed at the graduate level, and a conclusion to summarize and synthesize key points. Remember, your Proposal must be a scholarly paper demonstrating graduate school-level writing and critical analysis of existing nursing knowledge about health promotion.APA must be strictly followed.Your final assignment should be minimally 5 pages (excluding title page and references).Finish the essay with your reference page.Please review the Grading Rubric for this Assignment.sHealthPromotionProposalPart11.docx2Health Promotion Proposal, Part 1Yitsy SerranoFlorida National UniversityHealth Promotion & Role Development in Adv. Nursing PracticeDr. Nora Hernandez-PupoMay 28, 2025Health Promotion Proposal, Part 1The Burden of Hypertension in Vulnerable PopulationsHypertension is a quiet threat to the public that significantly raises the chances of heart disease, stroke, and kidney failure. More than 1.28 billion people worldwide between the ages of 30 and 79 are affected, and the burden is heaviest in low- and middle-income countries (Moloro et al., 2023). Approximately 122 million adults in the United States (over four out of ten) are diagnosed with hypertension (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2025). Among non-Hispanic Black people, about 56% are impacted, tend to be younger, and experience more serious illness than in other groups (Ferdinand et al., 2021). This proposal focuses on the ongoing racial and socioeconomic differences in hypertension outcomes among African Americans living in underserved Chicago communities. The health promotion program is designed to increase awareness about hypertension, encourage healthier meals, and help people follow prescribed treatments through community activities that match cultural beliefs. The measurable outcomes will include increased blood pressure screenings, less uncontrolled hypertension among patients, and increased self-reported adherence to medication within 12 months of using the plan. With this plan, we can encourage equity and address what leads to hypertension differences in urban populations.Description of the Vulnerable PopulationThe selected population are African Americans in Low-Income Chicago CommunitiesRisk Factors that Make them VulnerableSocioeconomic DisadvantageOne of the primary risk factors contributing to the vulnerability of African Americans in Chicago is socioeconomic disadvantage. Residents in many Black areas of Chicago’s South and West Sides are likely to experience extreme poverty, less access to learning, and fewer employment opportunities. All these social and financial difficulties are tied to chronic stress, lack of good food, and little access to healthcare, which result in high blood pressure. The reports from the Chicago Department of Public Health (CDPH) indicate that 58% of uncontrolled hypertension patients live below the poverty line. When faced with economic difficulties, many people must choose between buying medicine, getting to appointments, and covering everyday expenses—making it challenging to handle their chronic illnesses. The lack of funds to pay for nutritious foods and sports activities increases the risk of hypertension.Healthcare Access BarriersAfrican Americans in these communities often rely on underfunded safety-net hospitals and community clinics for medical care, which limits continuity of care. Staff shortages, resource restrictions, and lengthy wait times discourage people from getting blood pressure testing or follow-ups. Insurance gaps exacerbate the issue—uninsured or underinsured individuals are significantly less likely to be diagnosed early or adhere to prescribed treatment. Influenced by prejudice and medical exploitation, Mistrust in the healthcare system also limits preventative service use. Language hurdles and a lack of culturally competent practitioners make appropriate treatment difficult.Environmental and Dietary ChallengesEnvironmental determinants, such as food deserts, contribute substantially to hypertension disparities in Chicago’s marginalized communities. Many individuals live in areas lacking fresh vegetables or healthful meals, depending on convenience shops and fast food. These dietary limitations increase salt intake and reduce consumption of potassium-rich fruits and vegetables, essential for blood pressure regulation. High crime rates and hazardous neighborhoods discourage outdoor exercise, decreasing cardiovascular health (Addas, 2025). These structural inequalities promote chronic illness and render these groups prone to hypertension-related death.Literature Review of Evidence-BasedCao et al. (2022) conducted a systematic review evaluating mHealth (mobile health) interventions for hypertension self-management, focusing on user engagement, interactivity, and content tailoring. The review analyzed 25 studies highlighting that personalized information and interactive elements, including real-time feedback, reminders, and progress monitoring, enhanced blood pressure management and prescription adherence. Success rates were higher for apps with user-specific objectives, health education modules, and healthcare provider communication. The research found that culturally appropriate customizing improved user engagement and long-term usage. Despite these advantages, Cao et al. found some drawbacks, including varying app quality, lack of engagement metrics standardization, and computer literacy issues, particularly among elderly and low-income people. Using culturally appropriate mHealth technologies and digital literacy to help control hypertension in impoverished African American communities like Chicago may be scalable and successful.On the other hand, Miezah and Hayman (2024) examined how minority-specific lifestyle modification strategies helped African Americans control hypertension. The study found that culturally tailored interventions helped patients eat healthily, remain active, and take their prescriptions. The report indicated that using cultural customization helped programs keep participants involved for longer and made the program a greater success. Adapting the DASH diet to easy-to-recognize and accessible foods encouraged a greater number of people to try it. The review points out that including the community and its particular values and environment is very important. The authors report that the studies lasted for a short time and were measured with the same standards each time. Consequently, future projects should always use the same frameworks to regularly assess their program performance. The findings point toward the importance of emphasizing community and culture in lowering the high hypertension rates among African Americans in Chicago.Reviewing Evidence for Different Types of Literature and InterventionAccording to Cao et al. (2022) and Miezah and Hayman (2024), hypertension can be handled through technological means and lifestyle changes suitable for different groups. They have shown positive effects on lowering blood pressure and increasing self-care among African Americans and others in need. According to Cao et al., (2022, interactive and personalized technology allows patients and healthcare providers to communicate instantly and monitor issues live. Miezah and Hayman (2024) point out that making behavior changes last relies on both cultural fit and community involvement. These approaches highlight the importance of tailoring care to the community’s daily lives, likes, and abilities.Each intervention offers different benefits, so they are well suited for use in a health promotion program. The mHealth framework can be used for various applications and works outside the medical setting. This software gives patients personal reminders, feedback, and learning tools to support flexible healthcare. Despite its usefulness, the quality may decrease among low-income urban residents who often lack the required digital knowledge and the ability to get online. Conversely, programs adjusted to specific cultures give greater social support and help communities without much help from the healthcare system. They are most successful when carried out in churches, community groups, and families. Miezah and Hayman (2024) however pointed out that offering culturally specific interventions takes longer, funds and more human resource to deliver effectively. Scaling these programs may be difficult where strong community systems and teamwork are limited.The best method for handling hypertension inequality in African American communities might be a hybrid system that brings together both prevention and management approaches. By integrating mHealth with community activities, you can help more people while keeping the services relevant. However, it is important for plans to focus on making outcome measurement consistent and providing lasting support for both funds and infrastructure. These results highlight the importance of complete, ongoing, and community-based strategies for managing hypertension for healthier populations.Theoretical Framework: The Social Ecological ModelThe Social Ecological Model (SEM) provides a multilayered framework for evaluating health behaviors and consequences (Caperon et al., 2022). It states that personal, social, organizational, community, and policy factors affect health. When it comes to hypertension among underprivileged African Americans, focusing on SEM is particularly useful since it stresses the role of social factors like income, level of education, and the surrounding environment. SEM therapies are more effective and persist longer since they touch many levels.At the individual level, the SEM supports personalized interventions like education on healthy diets and medication adherence strategies. Workshops and mobile health technologies help promote health literacy. They may inspire individuals to set reasonable objectives and follow treatment procedures. Churches, schools, and clinics combine to offer screening and education. Community-level efforts may reduce food deserts and community safety by increasing access to healthy food and safe activity.Finally, at the policy level, the SEM encourages advocacy for structural changes such as increased funding for safety-net clinics and mobile health programs and legislation to reduce food insecurity. The SEM allows our health promotion campaign to encompass community-based lifestyle interventions and digital health solutions at several levels. This concept encourages healthcare practitioners, community groups, and legislators to collaborate to incorporate the program into the targeted community’s social fabric. The SEM’s focus on interrelated layers of influence helps guide equitable, effective, and long-term treatments in vulnerable hypertension-disproportionate communities.ReferencesAddas, A. (2025). Impact of neighborhood safety on adolescent physical activity in Saudi Arabia: gender and socio-economic perspectives.Frontiers in Public Health,13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1520851Cao, W., Milks, M. W., Liu, X., Gregory, M. E., Addison, D., Zhang, P., & Li, L. (2022). MHealth interventions for self-management of hypertension: Framework and systematic review on engagement, interactivity, and tailoring.JMIR MHealth and UHealth,10(3). https://doi.org/10.2196/29415Caperon, L., Saville, F., & Ahern, S. (2022). Developing a socio-ecological model for community engagement in a health programme in an underserved urban area.PLOS ONE,17(9). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275092CDC. (2025, January 28).High blood pressure facts. High Blood Pressure. https://www.cdc.gov/high-blood-pressure/data-research/facts-stats/index.htmlFerdinand, K., Batieste, T., & Fleurestil, M. (2020). Contemporary and Future Concepts on Hypertension in African Americans: COVID-19 and Beyond.Journal of the National Medical Association,112(3), 315–323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnma.2020.05.018Miezah, D., & Hayman, L. L. (2024). Culturally Tailored Lifestyle Modification Strategies for Hypertension Management: A Narrative Review.American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1177/15598276241297675Moloro, A. H., Seid, A. A., & Jaleta, F. Y. (2023). A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol on hypertension prevalence and associated factors among bank workers in Africa.Sage Open Medicine,11, 205031212311720-205031212311720. https://doi.org/10.1177/20503121231172001HealthPromotionProposalPart11.docx2Health Promotion Proposal, Part 1Yitsy SerranoFlorida National UniversityHealth Promotion & Role Development in Adv. Nursing PracticeDr. Nora Hernandez-PupoMay 28, 2025Health Promotion Proposal, Part 1The Burden of Hypertension in Vulnerable PopulationsHypertension is a quiet threat to the public that significantly raises the chances of heart disease, stroke, and kidney failure. More than 1.28 billion people worldwide between the ages of 30 and 79 are affected, and the burden is heaviest in low- and middle-income countries (Moloro et al., 2023). Approximately 122 million adults in the United States (over four out of ten) are diagnosed with hypertension (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2025). Among non-Hispanic Black people, about 56% are impacted, tend to be younger, and experience more serious illness than in other groups (Ferdinand et al., 2021). This proposal focuses on the ongoing racial and socioeconomic differences in hypertension outcomes among African Americans living in underserved Chicago communities. The health promotion program is designed to increase awareness about hypertension, encourage healthier meals, and help people follow prescribed treatments through community activities that match cultural beliefs. The measurable outcomes will include increased blood pressure screenings, less uncontrolled hypertension among patients, and increased self-reported adherence to medication within 12 months of using the plan. With this plan, we can encourage equity and address what leads to hypertension differences in urban populations.Description of the Vulnerable PopulationThe selected population are African Americans in Low-Income Chicago CommunitiesRisk Factors that Make them VulnerableSocioeconomic DisadvantageOne of the primary risk factors contributing to the vulnerability of African Americans in Chicago is socioeconomic disadvantage. Residents in many Black areas of Chicago’s South and West Sides are likely to experience extreme poverty, less access to learning, and fewer employment opportunities. All these social and financial difficulties are tied to chronic stress, lack of good food, and little access to healthcare, which result in high blood pressure. The reports from the Chicago Department of Public Health (CDPH) indicate that 58% of uncontrolled hypertension patients live below the poverty line. When faced with economic difficulties, many people must choose between buying medicine, getting to appointments, and covering everyday expenses—making it challenging to handle their chronic illnesses. The lack of funds to pay for nutritious foods and sports activities increases the risk of hypertension.Healthcare Access BarriersAfrican Americans in these communities often rely on underfunded safety-net hospitals and community clinics for medical care, which limits continuity of care. Staff shortages, resource restrictions, and lengthy wait times discourage people from getting blood pressure testing or follow-ups. Insurance gaps exacerbate the issue—uninsured or underinsured individuals are significantly less likely to be diagnosed early or adhere to prescribed treatment. Influenced by prejudice and medical exploitation, Mistrust in the healthcare system also limits preventative service use. Language hurdles and a lack of culturally competent practitioners make appropriate treatment difficult.Environmental and Dietary ChallengesEnvironmental determinants, such as food deserts, contribute substantially to hypertension disparities in Chicago’s marginalized communities. Many individuals live in areas lacking fresh vegetables or healthful meals, depending on convenience shops and fast food. These dietary limitations increase salt intake and reduce consumption of potassium-rich fruits and vegetables, essential for blood pressure regulation. High crime rates and hazardous neighborhoods discourage outdoor exercise, decreasing cardiovascular health (Addas, 2025). These structural inequalities promote chronic illness and render these groups prone to hypertension-related death.Literature Review of Evidence-BasedCao et al. (2022) conducted a systematic review evaluating mHealth (mobile health) interventions for hypertension self-management, focusing on user engagement, interactivity, and content tailoring. The review analyzed 25 studies highlighting that personalized information and interactive elements, including real-time feedback, reminders, and progress monitoring, enhanced blood pressure management and prescription adherence. Success rates were higher for apps with user-specific objectives, health education modules, and healthcare provider communication. The research found that culturally appropriate customizing improved user engagement and long-term usage. Despite these advantages, Cao et al. found some drawbacks, including varying app quality, lack of engagement metrics standardization, and computer literacy issues, particularly among elderly and low-income people. Using culturally appropriate mHealth technologies and digital literacy to help control hypertension in impoverished African American communities like Chicago may be scalable and successful.On the other hand, Miezah and Hayman (2024) examined how minority-specific lifestyle modification strategies helped African Americans control hypertension. The study found that culturally tailored interventions helped patients eat healthily, remain active, and take their prescriptions. The report indicated that using cultural customization helped programs keep participants involved for longer and made the program a greater success. Adapting the DASH diet to easy-to-recognize and accessible foods encouraged a greater number of people to try it. The review points out that including the community and its particular values and environment is very important. The authors report that the studies lasted for a short time and were measured with the same standards each time. Consequently, future projects should always use the same frameworks to regularly assess their program performance. The findings point toward the importance of emphasizing community and culture in lowering the high hypertension rates among African Americans in Chicago.Reviewing Evidence for Different Types of Literature and InterventionAccording to Cao et al. (2022) and Miezah and Hayman (2024), hypertension can be handled through technological means and lifestyle changes suitable for different groups. They have shown positive effects on lowering blood pressure and increasing self-care among African Americans and others in need. According to Cao et al., (2022, interactive and personalized technology allows patients and healthcare providers to communicate instantly and monitor issues live. Miezah and Hayman (2024) point out that making behavior changes last relies on both cultural fit and community involvement. These approaches highlight the importance of tailoring care to the community’s daily lives, likes, and abilities.Each intervention offers different benefits, so they are well suited for use in a health promotion program. The mHealth framework can be used for various applications and works outside the medical setting. This software gives patients personal reminders, feedback, and learning tools to support flexible healthcare. Despite its usefulness, the quality may decrease among low-income urban residents who often lack the required digital knowledge and the ability to get online. Conversely, programs adjusted to specific cultures give greater social support and help communities without much help from the healthcare system. They are most successful when carried out in churches, community groups, and families. Miezah and Hayman (2024) however pointed out that offering culturally specific interventions takes longer, funds and more human resource to deliver effectively. Scaling these programs may be difficult where strong community systems and teamwork are limited.The best method for handling hypertension inequality in African American communities might be a hybrid system that brings together both prevention and management approaches. By integrating mHealth with community activities, you can help more people while keeping the services relevant. However, it is important for plans to focus on making outcome measurement consistent and providing lasting support for both funds and infrastructure. These results highlight the importance of complete, ongoing, and community-based strategies for managing hypertension for healthier populations.Theoretical Framework: The Social Ecological ModelThe Social Ecological Model (SEM) provides a multilayered framework for evaluating health behaviors and consequences (Caperon et al., 2022). It states that personal, social, organizational, community, and policy factors affect health. When it comes to hypertension among underprivileged African Americans, focusing on SEM is particularly useful since it stresses the role of social factors like income, level of education, and the surrounding environment. SEM therapies are more effective and persist longer since they touch many levels.At the individual level, the SEM supports personalized interventions like education on healthy diets and medication adherence strategies. Workshops and mobile health technologies help promote health literacy. They may inspire individuals to set reasonable objectives and follow treatment procedures. Churches, schools, and clinics combine to offer screening and education. Community-level efforts may reduce food deserts and community safety by increasing access to healthy food and safe activity.Finally, at the policy level, the SEM encourages advocacy for structural changes such as increased funding for safety-net clinics and mobile health programs and legislation to reduce food insecurity. The SEM allows our health promotion campaign to encompass community-based lifestyle interventions and digital health solutions at several levels. This concept encourages healthcare practitioners, community groups, and legislators to collaborate to incorporate the program into the targeted community’s social fabric. The SEM’s focus on interrelated layers of influence helps guide equitable, effective, and long-term treatments in vulnerable hypertension-disproportionate communities.ReferencesAddas, A. (2025). Impact of neighborhood safety on adolescent physical activity in Saudi Arabia: gender and socio-economic perspectives.Frontiers in Public Health,13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1520851Cao, W., Milks, M. W., Liu, X., Gregory, M. E., Addison, D., Zhang, P., & Li, L. (2022). MHealth interventions for self-management of hypertension: Framework and systematic review on engagement, interactivity, and tailoring.JMIR MHealth and UHealth,10(3). https://doi.org/10.2196/29415Caperon, L., Saville, F., & Ahern, S. (2022). Developing a socio-ecological model for community engagement in a health programme in an underserved urban area.PLOS ONE,17(9). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275092CDC. (2025, January 28).High blood pressure facts. High Blood Pressure. https://www.cdc.gov/high-blood-pressure/data-research/facts-stats/index.htmlFerdinand, K., Batieste, T., & Fleurestil, M. (2020). Contemporary and Future Concepts on Hypertension in African Americans: COVID-19 and Beyond.Journal of the National Medical Association,112(3), 315–323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnma.2020.05.018Miezah, D., & Hayman, L. L. (2024). Culturally Tailored Lifestyle Modification Strategies for Hypertension Management: A Narrative Review.American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1177/15598276241297675Moloro, A. H., Seid, A. A., & Jaleta, F. Y. (2023). A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol on hypertension prevalence and associated factors among bank workers in Africa.Sage Open Medicine,11, 205031212311720-205031212311720. https://doi.org/10.1177/20503121231172001HealthPromotionProposal2.docxHealth Promotion Proposal, Part 2Exercise InstructionsHealth Promotion Proposal, Part 2This is a continuation of the health promotion program proposal, part one, which you submitted previously.Please approach this assignment as an opportunity to integrate instructor feedback from part I and expand on ideas adhering to the components of the MAP-IT strategy. Include necessary levels of detail you feel appropriate to assure stakeholder buy-in.DirectionsYou have already completed the steps 1-4.Do not resubmit part 1.Make sure you incorporate any suggested revisions or improvements into your submission according to your instructor’s comments.To assist in maintaining harmony between Part I and 2 here you have a reminder of the previous paper outline:· 1. Describe the health problem. Using data and statistics support your claim that the issue you selected is a problem. What specifically will you address in your proposed health promotion program? Be sure your proposed outcome is realistic and measurable.· 2. Describe the vulnerable population and setting. What are the risk factors that make this a vulnerable population? Use evidence to support the risk factors you have identified.· 3. Provide a review of literature from scholarly journals on evidence-based interventions that address the problem. After completing a library search related to effective interventions for your chosen health promotion activity, you will write a review that evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of all the sources you have found. You might consult research texts for information on how to write a review of the literature found in your search.· 4. Select an appropriate health promotion/disease prevention theoretical framework or conceptual model that would best serve as the framework guiding the proposal. Provide a rationale for your selection which includes a discussion of the concepts of the selected modelFor this assignment develop criteria 5-8 as detailed below:You will submit just this section 5-8 as an essay. Please do not resubmit Part 1.Use a presentation page. Start the body of content with topic 5.· 5. Propose a health promotion program using an evidence-based intervention found in your literature search to address the problem in the selected population/setting. Include a thorough discussion of the specifics of this intervention which includes resources necessary, those involved, and feasibility for a nurse in an advanced role.· Be certain to include a timeline. (3 to 4 paragraphs- you may use bullets if appropriate).· 6. Thoroughly describe the intended outcomes. Describe the outcomes in detail concurrent with the SMART goal approach.The SMART goal statement should be no more than one sentence(1 paragraph).· 7. Provide a detailed plan for the evaluation of each outcome. (2-3 paragraphs).· 8. Thoroughly describe possible barriers/challenges to implementing the proposed project as well as strategies to address these barriers/challenges. (2+ paragraphs).· Finish the paper with a conclusion paragraph (2 paragraphs) without typing the word “conclusion” before the paragraph.Paper RequirementsThis assignment is to be submitted as an essay- with an introduction, questions developed at the graduate level, and a conclusion to summarize and synthesize key points. Remember, your Proposal must be a scholarly paper demonstrating graduate school-level writing and critical analysis of existing nursing knowledge about health promotion.APA must be strictly followed.Your final assignment should be minimally 5 pages (excluding title page and references).Finish the essay with your reference page.Please review the Grading Rubric for this Assignment.sHealthPromotionProposalPart11.docx2Health Promotion Proposal, Part 1Yitsy SerranoFlorida National UniversityHealth Promotion & Role Development in Adv. Nursing PracticeDr. Nora Hernandez-PupoMay 28, 2025Health Promotion Proposal, Part 1The Burden of Hypertension in Vulnerable PopulationsHypertension is a quiet threat to the public that significantly raises the chances of heart disease, stroke, and kidney failure. More than 1.28 billion people worldwide between the ages of 30 and 79 are affected, and the burden is heaviest in low- and middle-income countries (Moloro et al., 2023). Approximately 122 million adults in the United States (over four out of ten) are diagnosed with hypertension (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2025). Among non-Hispanic Black people, about 56% are impacted, tend to be younger, and experience more serious illness than in other groups (Ferdinand et al., 2021). This proposal focuses on the ongoing racial and socioeconomic differences in hypertension outcomes among African Americans living in underserved Chicago communities. The health promotion program is designed to increase awareness about hypertension, encourage healthier meals, and help people follow prescribed treatments through community activities that match cultural beliefs. The measurable outcomes will include increased blood pressure screenings, less uncontrolled hypertension among patients, and increased self-reported adherence to medication within 12 months of using the plan. With this plan, we can encourage equity and address what leads to hypertension differences in urban populations.Description of the Vulnerable PopulationThe selected population are African Americans in Low-Income Chicago CommunitiesRisk Factors that Make them VulnerableSocioeconomic DisadvantageOne of the primary risk factors contributing to the vulnerability of African Americans in Chicago is socioeconomic disadvantage. Residents in many Black areas of Chicago’s South and West Sides are likely to experience extreme poverty, less access to learning, and fewer employment opportunities. All these social and financial difficulties are tied to chronic stress, lack of good food, and little access to healthcare, which result in high blood pressure. The reports from the Chicago Department of Public Health (CDPH) indicate that 58% of uncontrolled hypertension patients live below the poverty line. When faced with economic difficulties, many people must choose between buying medicine, getting to appointments, and covering everyday expenses—making it challenging to handle their chronic illnesses. The lack of funds to pay for nutritious foods and sports activities increases the risk of hypertension.Healthcare Access BarriersAfrican Americans in these communities often rely on underfunded safety-net hospitals and community clinics for medical care, which limits continuity of care. Staff shortages, resource restrictions, and lengthy wait times discourage people from getting blood pressure testing or follow-ups. Insurance gaps exacerbate the issue—uninsured or underinsured individuals are significantly less likely to be diagnosed early or adhere to prescribed treatment. Influenced by prejudice and medical exploitation, Mistrust in the healthcare system also limits preventative service use. Language hurdles and a lack of culturally competent practitioners make appropriate treatment difficult.Environmental and Dietary ChallengesEnvironmental determinants, such as food deserts, contribute substantially to hypertension disparities in Chicago’s marginalized communities. Many individuals live in areas lacking fresh vegetables or healthful meals, depending on convenience shops and fast food. These dietary limitations increase salt intake and reduce consumption of potassium-rich fruits and vegetables, essential for blood pressure regulation. High crime rates and hazardous neighborhoods discourage outdoor exercise, decreasing cardiovascular health (Addas, 2025). These structural inequalities promote chronic illness and render these groups prone to hypertension-related death.Literature Review of Evidence-BasedCao et al. (2022) conducted a systematic review evaluating mHealth (mobile health) interventions for hypertension self-management, focusing on user engagement, interactivity, and content tailoring. The review analyzed 25 studies highlighting that personalized information and interactive elements, including real-time feedback, reminders, and progress monitoring, enhanced blood pressure management and prescription adherence. Success rates were higher for apps with user-specific objectives, health education modules, and healthcare provider communication. The research found that culturally appropriate customizing improved user engagement and long-term usage. Despite these advantages, Cao et al. found some drawbacks, including varying app quality, lack of engagement metrics standardization, and computer literacy issues, particularly among elderly and low-income people. Using culturally appropriate mHealth technologies and digital literacy to help control hypertension in impoverished African American communities like Chicago may be scalable and successful.On the other hand, Miezah and Hayman (2024) examined how minority-specific lifestyle modification strategies helped African Americans control hypertension. The study found that culturally tailored interventions helped patients eat healthily, remain active, and take their prescriptions. The report indicated that using cultural customization helped programs keep participants involved for longer and made the program a greater success. Adapting the DASH diet to easy-to-recognize and accessible foods encouraged a greater number of people to try it. The review points out that including the community and its particular values and environment is very important. The authors report that the studies lasted for a short time and were measured with the same standards each time. Consequently, future projects should always use the same frameworks to regularly assess their program performance. The findings point toward the importance of emphasizing community and culture in lowering the high hypertension rates among African Americans in Chicago.Reviewing Evidence for Different Types of Literature and InterventionAccording to Cao et al. (2022) and Miezah and Hayman (2024), hypertension can be handled through technological means and lifestyle changes suitable for different groups. They have shown positive effects on lowering blood pressure and increasing self-care among African Americans and others in need. According to Cao et al., (2022, interactive and personalized technology allows patients and healthcare providers to communicate instantly and monitor issues live. Miezah and Hayman (2024) point out that making behavior changes last relies on both cultural fit and community involvement. These approaches highlight the importance of tailoring care to the community’s daily lives, likes, and abilities.Each intervention offers different benefits, so they are well suited for use in a health promotion program. The mHealth framework can be used for various applications and works outside the medical setting. This software gives patients personal reminders, feedback, and learning tools to support flexible healthcare. Despite its usefulness, the quality may decrease among low-income urban residents who often lack the required digital knowledge and the ability to get online. Conversely, programs adjusted to specific cultures give greater social support and help communities without much help from the healthcare system. They are most successful when carried out in churches, community groups, and families. Miezah and Hayman (2024) however pointed out that offering culturally specific interventions takes longer, funds and more human resource to deliver effectively. Scaling these programs may be difficult where strong community systems and teamwork are limited.The best method for handling hypertension inequality in African American communities might be a hybrid system that brings together both prevention and management approaches. By integrating mHealth with community activities, you can help more people while keeping the services relevant. However, it is important for plans to focus on making outcome measurement consistent and providing lasting support for both funds and infrastructure. These results highlight the importance of complete, ongoing, and community-based strategies for managing hypertension for healthier populations.Theoretical Framework: The Social Ecological ModelThe Social Ecological Model (SEM) provides a multilayered framework for evaluating health behaviors and consequences (Caperon et al., 2022). It states that personal, social, organizational, community, and policy factors affect health. When it comes to hypertension among underprivileged African Americans, focusing on SEM is particularly useful since it stresses the role of social factors like income, level of education, and the surrounding environment. SEM therapies are more effective and persist longer since they touch many levels.At the individual level, the SEM supports personalized interventions like education on healthy diets and medication adherence strategies. Workshops and mobile health technologies help promote health literacy. They may inspire individuals to set reasonable objectives and follow treatment procedures. Churches, schools, and clinics combine to offer screening and education. Community-level efforts may reduce food deserts and community safety by increasing access to healthy food and safe activity.Finally, at the policy level, the SEM encourages advocacy for structural changes such as increased funding for safety-net clinics and mobile health programs and legislation to reduce food insecurity. The SEM allows our health promotion campaign to encompass community-based lifestyle interventions and digital health solutions at several levels. This concept encourages healthcare practitioners, community groups, and legislators to collaborate to incorporate the program into the targeted community’s social fabric. The SEM’s focus on interrelated layers of influence helps guide equitable, effective, and long-term treatments in vulnerable hypertension-disproportionate communities.ReferencesAddas, A. (2025). Impact of neighborhood safety on adolescent physical activity in Saudi Arabia: gender and socio-economic perspectives.Frontiers in Public Health,13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1520851Cao, W., Milks, M. W., Liu, X., Gregory, M. E., Addison, D., Zhang, P., & Li, L. (2022). MHealth interventions for self-management of hypertension: Framework and systematic review on engagement, interactivity, and tailoring.JMIR MHealth and UHealth,10(3). https://doi.org/10.2196/29415Caperon, L., Saville, F., & Ahern, S. (2022). Developing a socio-ecological model for community engagement in a health programme in an underserved urban area.PLOS ONE,17(9). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275092CDC. (2025, January 28).High blood pressure facts. High Blood Pressure. https://www.cdc.gov/high-blood-pressure/data-research/facts-stats/index.htmlFerdinand, K., Batieste, T., & Fleurestil, M. (2020). Contemporary and Future Concepts on Hypertension in African Americans: COVID-19 and Beyond.Journal of the National Medical Association,112(3), 315–323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnma.2020.05.018Miezah, D., & Hayman, L. L. (2024). Culturally Tailored Lifestyle Modification Strategies for Hypertension Management: A Narrative Review.American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1177/15598276241297675Moloro, A. H., Seid, A. A., & Jaleta, F. Y. (2023). A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol on hypertension prevalence and associated factors among bank workers in Africa.Sage Open Medicine,11, 205031212311720-205031212311720. https://doi.org/10.1177/20503121231172001HealthPromotionProposal2.docxHealth Promotion Proposal, Part 2Exercise InstructionsHealth Promotion Proposal, Part 2This is a continuation of the health promotion program proposal, part one, which you submitted previously.Please approach this assignment as an opportunity to integrate instructor feedback from part I and expand on ideas adhering to the components of the MAP-IT strategy. Include necessary levels of detail you feel appropriate to assure stakeholder buy-in.DirectionsYou have already completed the steps 1-4.Do not resubmit part 1.Make sure you incorporate any suggested revisions or improvements into your submission according to your instructor’s comments.To assist in maintaining harmony between Part I and 2 here you have a reminder of the previous paper outline:· 1. Describe the health problem. Using data and statistics support your claim that the issue you selected is a problem. What specifically will you address in your proposed health promotion program? Be sure your proposed outcome is realistic and measurable.· 2. Describe the vulnerable population and setting. What are the risk factors that make this a vulnerable population? Use evidence to support the risk factors you have identified.· 3. Provide a review of literature from scholarly journals on evidence-based interventions that address the problem. After completing a library search related to effective interventions for your chosen health promotion activity, you will write a review that evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of all the sources you have found. You might consult research texts for information on how to write a review of the literature found in your search.· 4. Select an appropriate health promotion/disease prevention theoretical framework or conceptual model that would best serve as the framework guiding the proposal. Provide a rationale for your selection which includes a discussion of the concepts of the selected modelFor this assignment develop criteria 5-8 as detailed below:You will submit just this section 5-8 as an essay. Please do not resubmit Part 1.Use a presentation page. Start the body of content with topic 5.· 5. Propose a health promotion program using an evidence-based intervention found in your literature search to address the problem in the selected population/setting. Include a thorough discussion of the specifics of this intervention which includes resources necessary, those involved, and feasibility for a nurse in an advanced role.· Be certain to include a timeline. (3 to 4 paragraphs- you may use bullets if appropriate).· 6. Thoroughly describe the intended outcomes. Describe the outcomes in detail concurrent with the SMART goal approach.The SMART goal statement should be no more than one sentence(1 paragraph).· 7. Provide a detailed plan for the evaluation of each outcome. (2-3 paragraphs).· 8. Thoroughly describe possible barriers/challenges to implementing the proposed project as well as strategies to address these barriers/challenges. (2+ paragraphs).· Finish the paper with a conclusion paragraph (2 paragraphs) without typing the word “conclusion” before the paragraph.Paper RequirementsThis assignment is to be submitted as an essay- with an introduction, questions developed at the graduate level, and a conclusion to summarize and synthesize key points. Remember, your Proposal must be a scholarly paper demonstrating graduate school-level writing and critical analysis of existing nursing knowledge about health promotion.APA must be strictly followed.Your final assignment should be minimally 5 pages (excluding title page and references).Finish the essay with your reference page.Please review the Grading Rubric for this Assignment.sHealthPromotionProposalPart11.docx2Health Promotion Proposal, Part 1Yitsy SerranoFlorida National UniversityHealth Promotion & Role Development in Adv. Nursing PracticeDr. Nora Hernandez-PupoMay 28, 2025Health Promotion Proposal, Part 1The Burden of Hypertension in Vulnerable PopulationsHypertension is a quiet threat to the public that significantly raises the chances of heart disease, stroke, and kidney failure. More than 1.28 billion people worldwide between the ages of 30 and 79 are affected, and the burden is heaviest in low- and middle-income countries (Moloro et al., 2023). Approximately 122 million adults in the United States (over four out of ten) are diagnosed with hypertension (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2025). Among non-Hispanic Black people, about 56% are impacted, tend to be younger, and experience more serious illness than in other groups (Ferdinand et al., 2021). This proposal focuses on the ongoing racial and socioeconomic differences in hypertension outcomes among African Americans living in underserved Chicago communities. The health promotion program is designed to increase awareness about hypertension, encourage healthier meals, and help people follow prescribed treatments through community activities that match cultural beliefs. The measurable outcomes will include increased blood pressure screenings, less uncontrolled hypertension among patients, and increased self-reported adherence to medication within 12 months of using the plan. With this plan, we can encourage equity and address what leads to hypertension differences in urban populations.Description of the Vulnerable PopulationThe selected population are African Americans in Low-Income Chicago CommunitiesRisk Factors that Make them VulnerableSocioeconomic DisadvantageOne of the primary risk factors contributing to the vulnerability of African Americans in Chicago is socioeconomic disadvantage. Residents in many Black areas of Chicago’s South and West Sides are likely to experience extreme poverty, less access to learning, and fewer employment opportunities. All these social and financial difficulties are tied to chronic stress, lack of good food, and little access to healthcare, which result in high blood pressure. The reports from the Chicago Department of Public Health (CDPH) indicate that 58% of uncontrolled hypertension patients live below the poverty line. When faced with economic difficulties, many people must choose between buying medicine, getting to appointments, and covering everyday expenses—making it challenging to handle their chronic illnesses. The lack of funds to pay for nutritious foods and sports activities increases the risk of hypertension.Healthcare Access BarriersAfrican Americans in these communities often rely on underfunded safety-net hospitals and community clinics for medical care, which limits continuity of care. Staff shortages, resource restrictions, and lengthy wait times discourage people from getting blood pressure testing or follow-ups. Insurance gaps exacerbate the issue—uninsured or underinsured individuals are significantly less likely to be diagnosed early or adhere to prescribed treatment. Influenced by prejudice and medical exploitation, Mistrust in the healthcare system also limits preventative service use. Language hurdles and a lack of culturally competent practitioners make appropriate treatment difficult.Environmental and Dietary ChallengesEnvironmental determinants, such as food deserts, contribute substantially to hypertension disparities in Chicago’s marginalized communities. Many individuals live in areas lacking fresh vegetables or healthful meals, depending on convenience shops and fast food. These dietary limitations increase salt intake and reduce consumption of potassium-rich fruits and vegetables, essential for blood pressure regulation. High crime rates and hazardous neighborhoods discourage outdoor exercise, decreasing cardiovascular health (Addas, 2025). These structural inequalities promote chronic illness and render these groups prone to hypertension-related death.Literature Review of Evidence-BasedCao et al. (2022) conducted a systematic review evaluating mHealth (mobile health) interventions for hypertension self-management, focusing on user engagement, interactivity, and content tailoring. The review analyzed 25 studies highlighting that personalized information and interactive elements, including real-time feedback, reminders, and progress monitoring, enhanced blood pressure management and prescription adherence. Success rates were higher for apps with user-specific objectives, health education modules, and healthcare provider communication. The research found that culturally appropriate customizing improved user engagement and long-term usage. Despite these advantages, Cao et al. found some drawbacks, including varying app quality, lack of engagement metrics standardization, and computer literacy issues, particularly among elderly and low-income people. Using culturally appropriate mHealth technologies and digital literacy to help control hypertension in impoverished African American communities like Chicago may be scalable and successful.On the other hand, Miezah and Hayman (2024) examined how minority-specific lifestyle modification strategies helped African Americans control hypertension. The study found that culturally tailored interventions helped patients eat healthily, remain active, and take their prescriptions. The report indicated that using cultural customization helped programs keep participants involved for longer and made the program a greater success. Adapting the DASH diet to easy-to-recognize and accessible foods encouraged a greater number of people to try it. The review points out that including the community and its particular values and environment is very important. The authors report that the studies lasted for a short time and were measured with the same standards each time. Consequently, future projects should always use the same frameworks to regularly assess their program performance. The findings point toward the importance of emphasizing community and culture in lowering the high hypertension rates among African Americans in Chicago.Reviewing Evidence for Different Types of Literature and InterventionAccording to Cao et al. (2022) and Miezah and Hayman (2024), hypertension can be handled through technological means and lifestyle changes suitable for different groups. They have shown positive effects on lowering blood pressure and increasing self-care among African Americans and others in need. According to Cao et al., (2022, interactive and personalized technology allows patients and healthcare providers to communicate instantly and monitor issues live. Miezah and Hayman (2024) point out that making behavior changes last relies on both cultural fit and community involvement. These approaches highlight the importance of tailoring care to the community’s daily lives, likes, and abilities.Each intervention offers different benefits, so they are well suited for use in a health promotion program. The mHealth framework can be used for various applications and works outside the medical setting. This software gives patients personal reminders, feedback, and learning tools to support flexible healthcare. Despite its usefulness, the quality may decrease among low-income urban residents who often lack the required digital knowledge and the ability to get online. Conversely, programs adjusted to specific cultures give greater social support and help communities without much help from the healthcare system. They are most successful when carried out in churches, community groups, and families. Miezah and Hayman (2024) however pointed out that offering culturally specific interventions takes longer, funds and more human resource to deliver effectively. Scaling these programs may be difficult where strong community systems and teamwork are limited.The best method for handling hypertension inequality in African American communities might be a hybrid system that brings together both prevention and management approaches. By integrating mHealth with community activities, you can help more people while keeping the services relevant. However, it is important for plans to focus on making outcome measurement consistent and providing lasting support for both funds and infrastructure. These results highlight the importance of complete, ongoing, and community-based strategies for managing hypertension for healthier populations.Theoretical Framework: The Social Ecological ModelThe Social Ecological Model (SEM) provides a multilayered framework for evaluating health behaviors and consequences (Caperon et al., 2022). It states that personal, social, organizational, community, and policy factors affect health. When it comes to hypertension among underprivileged African Americans, focusing on SEM is particularly useful since it stresses the role of social factors like income, level of education, and the surrounding environment. SEM therapies are more effective and persist longer since they touch many levels.At the individual level, the SEM supports personalized interventions like education on healthy diets and medication adherence strategies. Workshops and mobile health technologies help promote health literacy. They may inspire individuals to set reasonable objectives and follow treatment procedures. Churches, schools, and clinics combine to offer screening and education. Community-level efforts may reduce food deserts and community safety by increasing access to healthy food and safe activity.Finally, at the policy level, the SEM encourages advocacy for structural changes such as increased funding for safety-net clinics and mobile health programs and legislation to reduce food insecurity. The SEM allows our health promotion campaign to encompass community-based lifestyle interventions and digital health solutions at several levels. This concept encourages healthcare practitioners, community groups, and legislators to collaborate to incorporate the program into the targeted community’s social fabric. The SEM’s focus on interrelated layers of influence helps guide equitable, effective, and long-term treatments in vulnerable hypertension-disproportionate communities.ReferencesAddas, A. (2025). Impact of neighborhood safety on adolescent physical activity in Saudi Arabia: gender and socio-economic perspectives.Frontiers in Public Health,13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1520851Cao, W., Milks, M. W., Liu, X., Gregory, M. E., Addison, D., Zhang, P., & Li, L. (2022). MHealth interventions for self-management of hypertension: Framework and systematic review on engagement, interactivity, and tailoring.JMIR MHealth and UHealth,10(3). https://doi.org/10.2196/29415Caperon, L., Saville, F., & Ahern, S. (2022). Developing a socio-ecological model for community engagement in a health programme in an underserved urban area.PLOS ONE,17(9). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275092CDC. (2025, January 28).High blood pressure facts. High Blood Pressure. https://www.cdc.gov/high-blood-pressure/data-research/facts-stats/index.htmlFerdinand, K., Batieste, T., & Fleurestil, M. (2020). Contemporary and Future Concepts on Hypertension in African Americans: COVID-19 and Beyond.Journal of the National Medical Association,112(3), 315–323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnma.2020.05.018Miezah, D., & Hayman, L. L. (2024). Culturally Tailored Lifestyle Modification Strategies for Hypertension Management: A Narrative Review.American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1177/15598276241297675Moloro, A. H., Seid, A. A., & Jaleta, F. Y. (2023). A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol on hypertension prevalence and associated factors among bank workers in Africa.Sage Open Medicine,11, 205031212311720-205031212311720. https://doi.org/10.1177/2050312123117200112Bids(48)PROVEN STERLINGMiss DeannaDr. Ellen RMMathProgrammingDr. Aylin JMDr. Sarah BlakeMISS HILLARY A+Dr Michelle Ellaabdul_rehman_STELLAR GEEK A+ProWritingGuruWIZARD_KIMProf. TOPGRADEfirstclass tutorProf Double RDr. Adeline ZoenicohwilliamIsabella HarvardMUSYOKIONES A+Dr CloverShow All Bidsother Questions(10)AssignmentEconomics Assignment 04LSTD400 assignmentA+ Workplease answer the following questions in 2-3 pages. Use the notes provided to answer the questiosEssayKIM WOODS ONLY!Mod4 Written Assignment – Managing Virtual TeamsmathPersonal Learning Development Plan –

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Home>Homework Answsers>Nursing homework help12 days ago19.06.202525Report issuefiles (2)HealthPromotionProposal2.docxHealthPromotionProposal-Part11.docxHealthPromotionProposal2.docxHealth Promotion Proposal, Part 2Exercise InstructionsHealth Promotion Proposal, Part 2This is a continuation of the health promotion program proposal, part one, which you submitted previously.Please approach this assignment as an opportunity to integrate instructor feedback from part I and expand on ideas adhering to the components of the MAP-IT strategy. Include necessary levels of detail you feel appropriate to assure stakeholder buy-in.DirectionsYou have already completed the steps 1-4.Do not resubmit part 1.Make sure you incorporate any suggested revisions or improvements into your submission according to your instructor’s comments.To assist in maintaining harmony between Part I and 2 here you have a reminder of the previous paper outline:· 1. Describe the health problem. Using data and statistics support your claim that the issue you selected is a problem. What specifically will you address in your proposed health promotion program? Be sure your proposed outcome is realistic and measurable.· 2. Describe the vulnerable population and setting. What are the risk factors that make this a vulnerable population? Use evidence to support the risk factors you have identified.· 3. Provide a review of literature from scholarly journals on evidence-based interventions that address the problem. After completing a library search related to effective interventions for your chosen health promotion activity, you will write a review that evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of all the sources you have found. You might consult research texts for information on how to write a review of the literature found in your search.· 4. Select an appropriate health promotion/disease prevention theoretical framework or conceptual model that would best serve as the framework guiding the proposal. Provide a rationale for your selection which includes a discussion of the concepts of the selected modelFor this assignment develop criteria 5-8 as detailed below:You will submit just this section 5-8 as an essay. Please do not resubmit Part 1.Use a presentation page. Start the body of content with topic 5.· 5. Propose a health promotion program using an evidence-based intervention found in your literature search to address the problem in the selected population/setting. Include a thorough discussion of the specifics of this intervention which includes resources necessary, those involved, and feasibility for a nurse in an advanced role.· Be certain to include a timeline. (3 to 4 paragraphs- you may use bullets if appropriate).· 6. Thoroughly describe the intended outcomes. Describe the outcomes in detail concurrent with the SMART goal approach.The SMART goal statement should be no more than one sentence(1 paragraph).· 7. Provide a detailed plan for the evaluation of each outcome. (2-3 paragraphs).· 8. Thoroughly describe possible barriers/challenges to implementing the proposed project as well as strategies to address these barriers/challenges. (2+ paragraphs).· Finish the paper with a conclusion paragraph (2 paragraphs) without typing the word “conclusion” before the paragraph.Paper RequirementsThis assignment is to be submitted as an essay- with an introduction, questions developed at the graduate level, and a conclusion to summarize and synthesize key points. Remember, your Proposal must be a scholarly paper demonstrating graduate school-level writing and critical analysis of existing nursing knowledge about health promotion.APA must be strictly followed.Your final assignment should be minimally 5 pages (excluding title page and references).Finish the essay with your reference page.Please review the Grading Rubric for this Assignment.sHealthPromotionProposal-Part11.docx5Major Depressive Disorder in Adolescents in Foster CareSanny VasalloFlorida National UniversityHealth Promotion & Role Development in Adv. Nursing PracticeDr. Nora Hernandez-PupoMay 29, 2025Major Depressive Disorder in Adolescents in Foster CareMDD substantially impairs emotional, cognitive, and social functioning. Millions of individuals, mainly teens, are affected by MDD each year, which causes persistent sadness, apathy, and functional impairment. According to the National Institute of Mental Health (2023), 17% of American teenagers experience severe depression before maturity. The prevalence among foster youth is 50%; youth in foster care of ten face uncertain living arrangements, trauma histories, and inadequate emotional support, which increases the risk of mental health difficulties (Davi, 2024). The planned health promotion program would minimize MDD symptoms, enhance mental health services, and increase foster youth’s coping abilities via trauma-informed CBT, peer support, and caregiver education. Patients should have decreased depressed symptoms, increased treatment attendance, and improved mental health literacy after six months. The program reduces the long-term psychological and functional impacts of untreated adolescent depression in foster care youth using this culturally sensitive and developmentally appropriate approach.Vulnerable Population: Adolescents in Foster CareFoster care Youth are the most vulnerable and neglected mental health populations. One-third of the 391,000 foster children in 2022 were 12–17 years old, according to the Christian Alliance for Orphans (2024). Teenage psychological instability is prevalent throughout crucial development. Many foster youth have experienced abuse, neglect, abandonment, and domestic violence as children. Trauma may trigger anxiety, MDD, and suicide. Unpredictability, instability, and recurrent migrations in foster care may exacerbate early trauma and cause emotional dysregulation and psychological fragility. Every year, ten people are placed in foster care. Teens regularly move between homes and schools, interrupting education and making caretakers, peers, and experts hard to trust. This volatility impairs the establishment of strong bonds and a solid identity, which are crucial to healthy emotional and cognitive development throughout adolescence. Strong, ongoing support networks help these youth avoid despair, worthlessness, and emotional numbness.Complex trauma is another MDD risk factor in this population. Complex trauma includes prolonged physical or mental abuse, sexual exploitation, and home or community violence. Such situations may permanently change brain emotion, stress, and executive function (Schlack et al., 2021). Irritability, social withdrawal, suicidal thoughts, and attention deficits are all symptoms of MDD. In addition to the trauma they have endured, systemic and structural factors render foster youth prone to depression. These include uneven medical and psychological treatment, child welfare and mental health resource fragmentation, poor foster care training, and mental illness stigma. Foster youth are seldom given early mental health evaluations and evidence-based therapies. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Foster youth experience more untreated mental illness and ineffective therapy.Racial and ethnic disparities raise risk; overrepresented in foster care, black, Indigenous, and other youth of color get ten times worse mental health treatment. These populations get less trauma-informed and culturally appropriate mental health care and are more likely to enter foster care (Dettlaff & Boyd, 2020). Racism and systemic neglect worsen depression, emotional distress, and marginalization ten times. Due to several risk factors, Health Promotion Interventions for this population must be thorough, trauma-informed, and culturally relevant. Effective program design considers racism, poverty, healthcare, and education. Nursing and health systems may personalize mental health promotion for foster youth, inferior ones, to prevent depression and increase resilience.Review of Literature: Evidence-Based InterventionsTrauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) is one of the most studied and proven treatments for depression and trauma-related symptoms in children and adolescents, particularly in foster care. In order to assist youth with a history of trauma in processing trauma and developing healthy coping mechanisms, TF-CBT integrates cognitive-behavioral therapies with trauma-sensitive principles. Foster youth who had been abused or neglected received TF-CBT in a study by Onsjö et al. (2025). After treatment, sadness and PTSD symptoms decreased significantly and lasted at least six months. TF-CBT’s strengths are the regulated, time-limited 12–20-session technique and concurrent treatment for the child and caregiver. This dual-involvement paradigm is crucial in foster care because it promotes emotional support and better communication between youth and caregivers. Telemedicine for youth treatment in poor areas has shown flexibility and adaptability in TF-CBT. Foster youth who live in remote places without mental health services or who experience frequent placement changes benefit most. When foster caregivers do not feel secure in their relationships, they have boundaries. With numerous placements during childhood, young people become hard to treat for those caring for them. Fluctuations in Supervisor focus on TF-CBT can reduce its effectiveness and adherence to the treatment.Synthesis of Literature: Strengths and WeaknessesCurrently, the profession stresses the need of a comprehensive approach to treating depression in foster youth owing to their unique circumstances. Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) and peer mentoring should work along with evidence. TF-CBT helps depressed and traumatized youth understand and manage trauma, control strong emotions, and change disturbing thoughts (Goldstein et al., 2024). Proven trauma-reduction approaches help abused and neglected foster youth. “Fostering Health and Futures” promotes teenage mental health. With mild supervision, the programs provide emotional support, competent guidance, and role models. They alleviate melancholy, increase self-esteem, solve difficulties, and connect youth to lessen foster care risks. TF-CBT and mentoring programs use in-person, group, and telemedicine, according to Goldstein et al. (2024).The treatments are successful, but various obstacles prevent their adoption and scaling. High mental health professional turnover rates may compromise program integrity and long-term effects, limited trauma-informed care clinician availability, and systemic opposition from overworked child welfare agencies. Despite the strong evidence foundation, much research assessing these treatments uses small or demographically homogenous samples, making applying results to foster youth’s heterogeneous community difficult. For racial and ethnic minority youth who already experience disproportionate placement in the foster system, cultural competency and inclusion are often poorly addressed in program design and implementation (Dettlaff & Boyd, 2020). This leaves gaps in care. To improve results, we must integrate depression therapies within a wraparound framework that encompasses education, housing, social service coordination, and caregiver training. Healthcare providers, foster agencies, schools, and community groups must work together for comprehensive and lasting results. The planned health promotion effort addresses foster youth’s internal and external issues using TF-CBT, peer mentoring, and foster caregiver education. This complete program helps this high-risk group achieve resilience, psychological healing, and long-term emotional stability by improving coping strategies and support structures.Theoretical Framework: Pender’s Health Promotion ModelPender’s Health Improvement Model (HPM) is a comprehensive and dynamic theoretical framework for mental health improvement interventions in disadvantaged populations. Nola Pender’s HPM prioritizes well-being and life quality above sickness prevention and treatment (Santos et al., 2025). Knowledge, resources, and assistance may promote healthy habits. The aims of the foster youth intervention include MDD symptoms, emotional resilience, self-efficacy, and long-term mental health. The HPM addresses social, biological, psychological, and personal elements that affect behavior. Early trauma, relationship issues, and financial issues might harm foster youth’s mental health and therapy. By taking these character traits into account, Health Promotion Programs may develop culturally sensitive and trauma-informed treatments. Therapy materials that represent the youth’s cultural identity or comparable racial or ethnic origins help develop rapport and encourage engagement in treatment. Teen materials must include cognitive and developmental levels. Health behavior and cognitive processes are also affected by activity-specific cognitions and emotions. For example, these components include benefits, challenges, self-efficacy, and interpersonal aspects. Foster kids under ten experience low self-esteem and agency, which may cause them to question therapy or other interventions. Interventions that engage former foster teens as peer mentors may enhance self-confidence and gains. Supportive caregivers and social workers may also encourage youngsters to obtain mental health services and follow treatment programs.The HPM emphasizes commitment and removing behavioral change barriers. Foster youth seeking mental health care face transportation challenges, school and court scheduling conflicts, and stigma. Health promotion initiatives spearheaded by HPM should include mobile treatment units, telemedicine, and flexible scheduling. The adjustments boost accessibility and support adolescent mental health. Health professionals may design and administer a customized intervention using the Health Promotion Model. The paradigm tackles the complicated relationship among personal experiences, cognitive beliefs, and environmental circumstances to promote client-centered, lasting change. The HPM framework will improve foster kids’ emotional health, resilience, and life outcomes.ReferencesChristian Alliance for Orphans. (2024).Foster care statistics. Christian Alliance for Orphans. https://cafo.org/foster-care-statistics/Davi, N. (2024). Foster care and adoption statistics – AFCARS – national council for adoption.National Council for Adoption. https://adoptioncouncil.org/article/foster-care-and-adoption-statistics/Dettlaff, A. J., & Boyd, R. (2021). Racial disproportionality and disparities in the child welfare system: Why do they exist, and what can be done to address them?The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science,692(1), 253–274. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716220980329Goldstein, E. G., Font, S. A., Kennedy, R. S., Connell, C. M., & Kurpiel, A. E. (2024). Do foster youth face harsher juvenile justice outcomes? Reinvestigating child welfare bias in juvenile justice processing.Criminology & Public Policy. https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-9133.12689National Institute of Mental Health. (2023).Major depression. National Institute of Mental Health. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/statistics/major-depressionOnsjö, M., Axberg, U., Hultmann, O., & Strand, J. (2025). A mixed-methods evaluation of long-term outcomes after trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy for children subjected to family violence.Psychotherapy Research, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/10503307.2025.2469256Santos, M. G. dos, Pleutim, N. I., Queiroz-Cardoso, A. I. de, Ramalho, L. dos S., Souza, V. S. de, & Teston, E. F. (2025). Use of the health promotion model by nursing in primary care: An integrative review.Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem,78(2). https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2024-0096Schlack, R., Peerenboom, N., Neuperdt, L., Junker, S., & Beyer, A.-K. (2021). The effects of mental health problems in childhood and adolescence in young adults: Results of the KiGGS cohort.Journal of Health Monitoring,6(4), 3–19. https://doi.org/10.25646/8863HealthPromotionProposal-Part11.docx5Major Depressive Disorder in Adolescents in Foster CareSanny VasalloFlorida National UniversityHealth Promotion & Role Development in Adv. Nursing PracticeDr. Nora Hernandez-PupoMay 29, 2025Major Depressive Disorder in Adolescents in Foster CareMDD substantially impairs emotional, cognitive, and social functioning. Millions of individuals, mainly teens, are affected by MDD each year, which causes persistent sadness, apathy, and functional impairment. According to the National Institute of Mental Health (2023), 17% of American teenagers experience severe depression before maturity. The prevalence among foster youth is 50%; youth in foster care of ten face uncertain living arrangements, trauma histories, and inadequate emotional support, which increases the risk of mental health difficulties (Davi, 2024). The planned health promotion program would minimize MDD symptoms, enhance mental health services, and increase foster youth’s coping abilities via trauma-informed CBT, peer support, and caregiver education. Patients should have decreased depressed symptoms, increased treatment attendance, and improved mental health literacy after six months. The program reduces the long-term psychological and functional impacts of untreated adolescent depression in foster care youth using this culturally sensitive and developmentally appropriate approach.Vulnerable Population: Adolescents in Foster CareFoster care Youth are the most vulnerable and neglected mental health populations. One-third of the 391,000 foster children in 2022 were 12–17 years old, according to the Christian Alliance for Orphans (2024). Teenage psychological instability is prevalent throughout crucial development. Many foster youth have experienced abuse, neglect, abandonment, and domestic violence as children. Trauma may trigger anxiety, MDD, and suicide. Unpredictability, instability, and recurrent migrations in foster care may exacerbate early trauma and cause emotional dysregulation and psychological fragility. Every year, ten people are placed in foster care. Teens regularly move between homes and schools, interrupting education and making caretakers, peers, and experts hard to trust. This volatility impairs the establishment of strong bonds and a solid identity, which are crucial to healthy emotional and cognitive development throughout adolescence. Strong, ongoing support networks help these youth avoid despair, worthlessness, and emotional numbness.Complex trauma is another MDD risk factor in this population. Complex trauma includes prolonged physical or mental abuse, sexual exploitation, and home or community violence. Such situations may permanently change brain emotion, stress, and executive function (Schlack et al., 2021). Irritability, social withdrawal, suicidal thoughts, and attention deficits are all symptoms of MDD. In addition to the trauma they have endured, systemic and structural factors render foster youth prone to depression. These include uneven medical and psychological treatment, child welfare and mental health resource fragmentation, poor foster care training, and mental illness stigma. Foster youth are seldom given early mental health evaluations and evidence-based therapies. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Foster youth experience more untreated mental illness and ineffective therapy.Racial and ethnic disparities raise risk; overrepresented in foster care, black, Indigenous, and other youth of color get ten times worse mental health treatment. These populations get less trauma-informed and culturally appropriate mental health care and are more likely to enter foster care (Dettlaff & Boyd, 2020). Racism and systemic neglect worsen depression, emotional distress, and marginalization ten times. Due to several risk factors, Health Promotion Interventions for this population must be thorough, trauma-informed, and culturally relevant. Effective program design considers racism, poverty, healthcare, and education. Nursing and health systems may personalize mental health promotion for foster youth, inferior ones, to prevent depression and increase resilience.Review of Literature: Evidence-Based InterventionsTrauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) is one of the most studied and proven treatments for depression and trauma-related symptoms in children and adolescents, particularly in foster care. In order to assist youth with a history of trauma in processing trauma and developing healthy coping mechanisms, TF-CBT integrates cognitive-behavioral therapies with trauma-sensitive principles. Foster youth who had been abused or neglected received TF-CBT in a study by Onsjö et al. (2025). After treatment, sadness and PTSD symptoms decreased significantly and lasted at least six months. TF-CBT’s strengths are the regulated, time-limited 12–20-session technique and concurrent treatment for the child and caregiver. This dual-involvement paradigm is crucial in foster care because it promotes emotional support and better communication between youth and caregivers. Telemedicine for youth treatment in poor areas has shown flexibility and adaptability in TF-CBT. Foster youth who live in remote places without mental health services or who experience frequent placement changes benefit most. When foster caregivers do not feel secure in their relationships, they have boundaries. With numerous placements during childhood, young people become hard to treat for those caring for them. Fluctuations in Supervisor focus on TF-CBT can reduce its effectiveness and adherence to the treatment.Synthesis of Literature: Strengths and WeaknessesCurrently, the profession stresses the need of a comprehensive approach to treating depression in foster youth owing to their unique circumstances. Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) and peer mentoring should work along with evidence. TF-CBT helps depressed and traumatized youth understand and manage trauma, control strong emotions, and change disturbing thoughts (Goldstein et al., 2024). Proven trauma-reduction approaches help abused and neglected foster youth. “Fostering Health and Futures” promotes teenage mental health. With mild supervision, the programs provide emotional support, competent guidance, and role models. They alleviate melancholy, increase self-esteem, solve difficulties, and connect youth to lessen foster care risks. TF-CBT and mentoring programs use in-person, group, and telemedicine, according to Goldstein et al. (2024).The treatments are successful, but various obstacles prevent their adoption and scaling. High mental health professional turnover rates may compromise program integrity and long-term effects, limited trauma-informed care clinician availability, and systemic opposition from overworked child welfare agencies. Despite the strong evidence foundation, much research assessing these treatments uses small or demographically homogenous samples, making applying results to foster youth’s heterogeneous community difficult. For racial and ethnic minority youth who already experience disproportionate placement in the foster system, cultural competency and inclusion are often poorly addressed in program design and implementation (Dettlaff & Boyd, 2020). This leaves gaps in care. To improve results, we must integrate depression therapies within a wraparound framework that encompasses education, housing, social service coordination, and caregiver training. Healthcare providers, foster agencies, schools, and community groups must work together for comprehensive and lasting results. The planned health promotion effort addresses foster youth’s internal and external issues using TF-CBT, peer mentoring, and foster caregiver education. This complete program helps this high-risk group achieve resilience, psychological healing, and long-term emotional stability by improving coping strategies and support structures.Theoretical Framework: Pender’s Health Promotion ModelPender’s Health Improvement Model (HPM) is a comprehensive and dynamic theoretical framework for mental health improvement interventions in disadvantaged populations. Nola Pender’s HPM prioritizes well-being and life quality above sickness prevention and treatment (Santos et al., 2025). Knowledge, resources, and assistance may promote healthy habits. The aims of the foster youth intervention include MDD symptoms, emotional resilience, self-efficacy, and long-term mental health. The HPM addresses social, biological, psychological, and personal elements that affect behavior. Early trauma, relationship issues, and financial issues might harm foster youth’s mental health and therapy. By taking these character traits into account, Health Promotion Programs may develop culturally sensitive and trauma-informed treatments. Therapy materials that represent the youth’s cultural identity or comparable racial or ethnic origins help develop rapport and encourage engagement in treatment. Teen materials must include cognitive and developmental levels. Health behavior and cognitive processes are also affected by activity-specific cognitions and emotions. For example, these components include benefits, challenges, self-efficacy, and interpersonal aspects. Foster kids under ten experience low self-esteem and agency, which may cause them to question therapy or other interventions. Interventions that engage former foster teens as peer mentors may enhance self-confidence and gains. Supportive caregivers and social workers may also encourage youngsters to obtain mental health services and follow treatment programs.The HPM emphasizes commitment and removing behavioral change barriers. Foster youth seeking mental health care face transportation challenges, school and court scheduling conflicts, and stigma. Health promotion initiatives spearheaded by HPM should include mobile treatment units, telemedicine, and flexible scheduling. The adjustments boost accessibility and support adolescent mental health. Health professionals may design and administer a customized intervention using the Health Promotion Model. The paradigm tackles the complicated relationship among personal experiences, cognitive beliefs, and environmental circumstances to promote client-centered, lasting change. The HPM framework will improve foster kids’ emotional health, resilience, and life outcomes.ReferencesChristian Alliance for Orphans. (2024).Foster care statistics. Christian Alliance for Orphans. https://cafo.org/foster-care-statistics/Davi, N. (2024). Foster care and adoption statistics – AFCARS – national council for adoption.National Council for Adoption. https://adoptioncouncil.org/article/foster-care-and-adoption-statistics/Dettlaff, A. J., & Boyd, R. (2021). Racial disproportionality and disparities in the child welfare system: Why do they exist, and what can be done to address them?The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science,692(1), 253–274. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716220980329Goldstein, E. G., Font, S. A., Kennedy, R. S., Connell, C. M., & Kurpiel, A. E. (2024). Do foster youth face harsher juvenile justice outcomes? Reinvestigating child welfare bias in juvenile justice processing.Criminology & Public Policy. https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-9133.12689National Institute of Mental Health. (2023).Major depression. National Institute of Mental Health. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/statistics/major-depressionOnsjö, M., Axberg, U., Hultmann, O., & Strand, J. (2025). A mixed-methods evaluation of long-term outcomes after trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy for children subjected to family violence.Psychotherapy Research, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/10503307.2025.2469256Santos, M. G. dos, Pleutim, N. I., Queiroz-Cardoso, A. I. de, Ramalho, L. dos S., Souza, V. S. de, & Teston, E. F. (2025). Use of the health promotion model by nursing in primary care: An integrative review.Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem,78(2). https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2024-0096Schlack, R., Peerenboom, N., Neuperdt, L., Junker, S., & Beyer, A.-K. (2021). The effects of mental health problems in childhood and adolescence in young adults: Results of the KiGGS cohort.Journal of Health Monitoring,6(4), 3–19. https://doi.org/10.25646/8863HealthPromotionProposal2.docxHealth Promotion Proposal, Part 2Exercise InstructionsHealth Promotion Proposal, Part 2This is a continuation of the health promotion program proposal, part one, which you submitted previously.Please approach this assignment as an opportunity to integrate instructor feedback from part I and expand on ideas adhering to the components of the MAP-IT strategy. Include necessary levels of detail you feel appropriate to assure stakeholder buy-in.DirectionsYou have already completed the steps 1-4.Do not resubmit part 1.Make sure you incorporate any suggested revisions or improvements into your submission according to your instructor’s comments.To assist in maintaining harmony between Part I and 2 here you have a reminder of the previous paper outline:· 1. Describe the health problem. Using data and statistics support your claim that the issue you selected is a problem. What specifically will you address in your proposed health promotion program? Be sure your proposed outcome is realistic and measurable.· 2. Describe the vulnerable population and setting. What are the risk factors that make this a vulnerable population? Use evidence to support the risk factors you have identified.· 3. Provide a review of literature from scholarly journals on evidence-based interventions that address the problem. After completing a library search related to effective interventions for your chosen health promotion activity, you will write a review that evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of all the sources you have found. You might consult research texts for information on how to write a review of the literature found in your search.· 4. Select an appropriate health promotion/disease prevention theoretical framework or conceptual model that would best serve as the framework guiding the proposal. Provide a rationale for your selection which includes a discussion of the concepts of the selected modelFor this assignment develop criteria 5-8 as detailed below:You will submit just this section 5-8 as an essay. Please do not resubmit Part 1.Use a presentation page. Start the body of content with topic 5.· 5. Propose a health promotion program using an evidence-based intervention found in your literature search to address the problem in the selected population/setting. Include a thorough discussion of the specifics of this intervention which includes resources necessary, those involved, and feasibility for a nurse in an advanced role.· Be certain to include a timeline. (3 to 4 paragraphs- you may use bullets if appropriate).· 6. Thoroughly describe the intended outcomes. Describe the outcomes in detail concurrent with the SMART goal approach.The SMART goal statement should be no more than one sentence(1 paragraph).· 7. Provide a detailed plan for the evaluation of each outcome. (2-3 paragraphs).· 8. Thoroughly describe possible barriers/challenges to implementing the proposed project as well as strategies to address these barriers/challenges. (2+ paragraphs).· Finish the paper with a conclusion paragraph (2 paragraphs) without typing the word “conclusion” before the paragraph.Paper RequirementsThis assignment is to be submitted as an essay- with an introduction, questions developed at the graduate level, and a conclusion to summarize and synthesize key points. Remember, your Proposal must be a scholarly paper demonstrating graduate school-level writing and critical analysis of existing nursing knowledge about health promotion.APA must be strictly followed.Your final assignment should be minimally 5 pages (excluding title page and references).Finish the essay with your reference page.Please review the Grading Rubric for this Assignment.sHealthPromotionProposal-Part11.docx5Major Depressive Disorder in Adolescents in Foster CareSanny VasalloFlorida National UniversityHealth Promotion & Role Development in Adv. Nursing PracticeDr. Nora Hernandez-PupoMay 29, 2025Major Depressive Disorder in Adolescents in Foster CareMDD substantially impairs emotional, cognitive, and social functioning. Millions of individuals, mainly teens, are affected by MDD each year, which causes persistent sadness, apathy, and functional impairment. According to the National Institute of Mental Health (2023), 17% of American teenagers experience severe depression before maturity. The prevalence among foster youth is 50%; youth in foster care of ten face uncertain living arrangements, trauma histories, and inadequate emotional support, which increases the risk of mental health difficulties (Davi, 2024). The planned health promotion program would minimize MDD symptoms, enhance mental health services, and increase foster youth’s coping abilities via trauma-informed CBT, peer support, and caregiver education. Patients should have decreased depressed symptoms, increased treatment attendance, and improved mental health literacy after six months. The program reduces the long-term psychological and functional impacts of untreated adolescent depression in foster care youth using this culturally sensitive and developmentally appropriate approach.Vulnerable Population: Adolescents in Foster CareFoster care Youth are the most vulnerable and neglected mental health populations. One-third of the 391,000 foster children in 2022 were 12–17 years old, according to the Christian Alliance for Orphans (2024). Teenage psychological instability is prevalent throughout crucial development. Many foster youth have experienced abuse, neglect, abandonment, and domestic violence as children. Trauma may trigger anxiety, MDD, and suicide. Unpredictability, instability, and recurrent migrations in foster care may exacerbate early trauma and cause emotional dysregulation and psychological fragility. Every year, ten people are placed in foster care. Teens regularly move between homes and schools, interrupting education and making caretakers, peers, and experts hard to trust. This volatility impairs the establishment of strong bonds and a solid identity, which are crucial to healthy emotional and cognitive development throughout adolescence. Strong, ongoing support networks help these youth avoid despair, worthlessness, and emotional numbness.Complex trauma is another MDD risk factor in this population. Complex trauma includes prolonged physical or mental abuse, sexual exploitation, and home or community violence. Such situations may permanently change brain emotion, stress, and executive function (Schlack et al., 2021). Irritability, social withdrawal, suicidal thoughts, and attention deficits are all symptoms of MDD. In addition to the trauma they have endured, systemic and structural factors render foster youth prone to depression. These include uneven medical and psychological treatment, child welfare and mental health resource fragmentation, poor foster care training, and mental illness stigma. Foster youth are seldom given early mental health evaluations and evidence-based therapies. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Foster youth experience more untreated mental illness and ineffective therapy.Racial and ethnic disparities raise risk; overrepresented in foster care, black, Indigenous, and other youth of color get ten times worse mental health treatment. These populations get less trauma-informed and culturally appropriate mental health care and are more likely to enter foster care (Dettlaff & Boyd, 2020). Racism and systemic neglect worsen depression, emotional distress, and marginalization ten times. Due to several risk factors, Health Promotion Interventions for this population must be thorough, trauma-informed, and culturally relevant. Effective program design considers racism, poverty, healthcare, and education. Nursing and health systems may personalize mental health promotion for foster youth, inferior ones, to prevent depression and increase resilience.Review of Literature: Evidence-Based InterventionsTrauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) is one of the most studied and proven treatments for depression and trauma-related symptoms in children and adolescents, particularly in foster care. In order to assist youth with a history of trauma in processing trauma and developing healthy coping mechanisms, TF-CBT integrates cognitive-behavioral therapies with trauma-sensitive principles. Foster youth who had been abused or neglected received TF-CBT in a study by Onsjö et al. (2025). After treatment, sadness and PTSD symptoms decreased significantly and lasted at least six months. TF-CBT’s strengths are the regulated, time-limited 12–20-session technique and concurrent treatment for the child and caregiver. This dual-involvement paradigm is crucial in foster care because it promotes emotional support and better communication between youth and caregivers. Telemedicine for youth treatment in poor areas has shown flexibility and adaptability in TF-CBT. Foster youth who live in remote places without mental health services or who experience frequent placement changes benefit most. When foster caregivers do not feel secure in their relationships, they have boundaries. With numerous placements during childhood, young people become hard to treat for those caring for them. Fluctuations in Supervisor focus on TF-CBT can reduce its effectiveness and adherence to the treatment.Synthesis of Literature: Strengths and WeaknessesCurrently, the profession stresses the need of a comprehensive approach to treating depression in foster youth owing to their unique circumstances. Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) and peer mentoring should work along with evidence. TF-CBT helps depressed and traumatized youth understand and manage trauma, control strong emotions, and change disturbing thoughts (Goldstein et al., 2024). Proven trauma-reduction approaches help abused and neglected foster youth. “Fostering Health and Futures” promotes teenage mental health. With mild supervision, the programs provide emotional support, competent guidance, and role models. They alleviate melancholy, increase self-esteem, solve difficulties, and connect youth to lessen foster care risks. TF-CBT and mentoring programs use in-person, group, and telemedicine, according to Goldstein et al. (2024).The treatments are successful, but various obstacles prevent their adoption and scaling. High mental health professional turnover rates may compromise program integrity and long-term effects, limited trauma-informed care clinician availability, and systemic opposition from overworked child welfare agencies. Despite the strong evidence foundation, much research assessing these treatments uses small or demographically homogenous samples, making applying results to foster youth’s heterogeneous community difficult. For racial and ethnic minority youth who already experience disproportionate placement in the foster system, cultural competency and inclusion are often poorly addressed in program design and implementation (Dettlaff & Boyd, 2020). This leaves gaps in care. To improve results, we must integrate depression therapies within a wraparound framework that encompasses education, housing, social service coordination, and caregiver training. Healthcare providers, foster agencies, schools, and community groups must work together for comprehensive and lasting results. The planned health promotion effort addresses foster youth’s internal and external issues using TF-CBT, peer mentoring, and foster caregiver education. This complete program helps this high-risk group achieve resilience, psychological healing, and long-term emotional stability by improving coping strategies and support structures.Theoretical Framework: Pender’s Health Promotion ModelPender’s Health Improvement Model (HPM) is a comprehensive and dynamic theoretical framework for mental health improvement interventions in disadvantaged populations. Nola Pender’s HPM prioritizes well-being and life quality above sickness prevention and treatment (Santos et al., 2025). Knowledge, resources, and assistance may promote healthy habits. The aims of the foster youth intervention include MDD symptoms, emotional resilience, self-efficacy, and long-term mental health. The HPM addresses social, biological, psychological, and personal elements that affect behavior. Early trauma, relationship issues, and financial issues might harm foster youth’s mental health and therapy. By taking these character traits into account, Health Promotion Programs may develop culturally sensitive and trauma-informed treatments. Therapy materials that represent the youth’s cultural identity or comparable racial or ethnic origins help develop rapport and encourage engagement in treatment. Teen materials must include cognitive and developmental levels. Health behavior and cognitive processes are also affected by activity-specific cognitions and emotions. For example, these components include benefits, challenges, self-efficacy, and interpersonal aspects. Foster kids under ten experience low self-esteem and agency, which may cause them to question therapy or other interventions. Interventions that engage former foster teens as peer mentors may enhance self-confidence and gains. Supportive caregivers and social workers may also encourage youngsters to obtain mental health services and follow treatment programs.The HPM emphasizes commitment and removing behavioral change barriers. Foster youth seeking mental health care face transportation challenges, school and court scheduling conflicts, and stigma. Health promotion initiatives spearheaded by HPM should include mobile treatment units, telemedicine, and flexible scheduling. The adjustments boost accessibility and support adolescent mental health. Health professionals may design and administer a customized intervention using the Health Promotion Model. The paradigm tackles the complicated relationship among personal experiences, cognitive beliefs, and environmental circumstances to promote client-centered, lasting change. The HPM framework will improve foster kids’ emotional health, resilience, and life outcomes.ReferencesChristian Alliance for Orphans. (2024).Foster care statistics. Christian Alliance for Orphans. https://cafo.org/foster-care-statistics/Davi, N. (2024). Foster care and adoption statistics – AFCARS – national council for adoption.National Council for Adoption. https://adoptioncouncil.org/article/foster-care-and-adoption-statistics/Dettlaff, A. J., & Boyd, R. (2021). Racial disproportionality and disparities in the child welfare system: Why do they exist, and what can be done to address them?The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science,692(1), 253–274. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716220980329Goldstein, E. G., Font, S. A., Kennedy, R. S., Connell, C. M., & Kurpiel, A. E. (2024). Do foster youth face harsher juvenile justice outcomes? Reinvestigating child welfare bias in juvenile justice processing.Criminology & Public Policy. https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-9133.12689National Institute of Mental Health. (2023).Major depression. National Institute of Mental Health. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/statistics/major-depressionOnsjö, M., Axberg, U., Hultmann, O., & Strand, J. (2025). A mixed-methods evaluation of long-term outcomes after trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy for children subjected to family violence.Psychotherapy Research, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/10503307.2025.2469256Santos, M. G. dos, Pleutim, N. I., Queiroz-Cardoso, A. I. de, Ramalho, L. dos S., Souza, V. S. de, & Teston, E. F. (2025). Use of the health promotion model by nursing in primary care: An integrative review.Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem,78(2). https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2024-0096Schlack, R., Peerenboom, N., Neuperdt, L., Junker, S., & Beyer, A.-K. (2021). The effects of mental health problems in childhood and adolescence in young adults: Results of the KiGGS cohort.Journal of Health Monitoring,6(4), 3–19. https://doi.org/10.25646/8863HealthPromotionProposal2.docxHealth Promotion Proposal, Part 2Exercise InstructionsHealth Promotion Proposal, Part 2This is a continuation of the health promotion program proposal, part one, which you submitted previously.Please approach this assignment as an opportunity to integrate instructor feedback from part I and expand on ideas adhering to the components of the MAP-IT strategy. Include necessary levels of detail you feel appropriate to assure stakeholder buy-in.DirectionsYou have already completed the steps 1-4.Do not resubmit part 1.Make sure you incorporate any suggested revisions or improvements into your submission according to your instructor’s comments.To assist in maintaining harmony between Part I and 2 here you have a reminder of the previous paper outline:· 1. Describe the health problem. Using data and statistics support your claim that the issue you selected is a problem. What specifically will you address in your proposed health promotion program? Be sure your proposed outcome is realistic and measurable.· 2. Describe the vulnerable population and setting. What are the risk factors that make this a vulnerable population? Use evidence to support the risk factors you have identified.· 3. Provide a review of literature from scholarly journals on evidence-based interventions that address the problem. After completing a library search related to effective interventions for your chosen health promotion activity, you will write a review that evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of all the sources you have found. You might consult research texts for information on how to write a review of the literature found in your search.· 4. Select an appropriate health promotion/disease prevention theoretical framework or conceptual model that would best serve as the framework guiding the proposal. Provide a rationale for your selection which includes a discussion of the concepts of the selected modelFor this assignment develop criteria 5-8 as detailed below:You will submit just this section 5-8 as an essay. Please do not resubmit Part 1.Use a presentation page. Start the body of content with topic 5.· 5. Propose a health promotion program using an evidence-based intervention found in your literature search to address the problem in the selected population/setting. Include a thorough discussion of the specifics of this intervention which includes resources necessary, those involved, and feasibility for a nurse in an advanced role.· Be certain to include a timeline. (3 to 4 paragraphs- you may use bullets if appropriate).· 6. Thoroughly describe the intended outcomes. Describe the outcomes in detail concurrent with the SMART goal approach.The SMART goal statement should be no more than one sentence(1 paragraph).· 7. Provide a detailed plan for the evaluation of each outcome. (2-3 paragraphs).· 8. Thoroughly describe possible barriers/challenges to implementing the proposed project as well as strategies to address these barriers/challenges. (2+ paragraphs).· Finish the paper with a conclusion paragraph (2 paragraphs) without typing the word “conclusion” before the paragraph.Paper RequirementsThis assignment is to be submitted as an essay- with an introduction, questions developed at the graduate level, and a conclusion to summarize and synthesize key points. Remember, your Proposal must be a scholarly paper demonstrating graduate school-level writing and critical analysis of existing nursing knowledge about health promotion.APA must be strictly followed.Your final assignment should be minimally 5 pages (excluding title page and references).Finish the essay with your reference page.Please review the Grading Rubric for this Assignment.sHealthPromotionProposal-Part11.docx5Major Depressive Disorder in Adolescents in Foster CareSanny VasalloFlorida National UniversityHealth Promotion & Role Development in Adv. Nursing PracticeDr. Nora Hernandez-PupoMay 29, 2025Major Depressive Disorder in Adolescents in Foster CareMDD substantially impairs emotional, cognitive, and social functioning. Millions of individuals, mainly teens, are affected by MDD each year, which causes persistent sadness, apathy, and functional impairment. According to the National Institute of Mental Health (2023), 17% of American teenagers experience severe depression before maturity. The prevalence among foster youth is 50%; youth in foster care of ten face uncertain living arrangements, trauma histories, and inadequate emotional support, which increases the risk of mental health difficulties (Davi, 2024). The planned health promotion program would minimize MDD symptoms, enhance mental health services, and increase foster youth’s coping abilities via trauma-informed CBT, peer support, and caregiver education. Patients should have decreased depressed symptoms, increased treatment attendance, and improved mental health literacy after six months. The program reduces the long-term psychological and functional impacts of untreated adolescent depression in foster care youth using this culturally sensitive and developmentally appropriate approach.Vulnerable Population: Adolescents in Foster CareFoster care Youth are the most vulnerable and neglected mental health populations. One-third of the 391,000 foster children in 2022 were 12–17 years old, according to the Christian Alliance for Orphans (2024). Teenage psychological instability is prevalent throughout crucial development. Many foster youth have experienced abuse, neglect, abandonment, and domestic violence as children. Trauma may trigger anxiety, MDD, and suicide. Unpredictability, instability, and recurrent migrations in foster care may exacerbate early trauma and cause emotional dysregulation and psychological fragility. Every year, ten people are placed in foster care. Teens regularly move between homes and schools, interrupting education and making caretakers, peers, and experts hard to trust. This volatility impairs the establishment of strong bonds and a solid identity, which are crucial to healthy emotional and cognitive development throughout adolescence. Strong, ongoing support networks help these youth avoid despair, worthlessness, and emotional numbness.Complex trauma is another MDD risk factor in this population. Complex trauma includes prolonged physical or mental abuse, sexual exploitation, and home or community violence. Such situations may permanently change brain emotion, stress, and executive function (Schlack et al., 2021). Irritability, social withdrawal, suicidal thoughts, and attention deficits are all symptoms of MDD. In addition to the trauma they have endured, systemic and structural factors render foster youth prone to depression. These include uneven medical and psychological treatment, child welfare and mental health resource fragmentation, poor foster care training, and mental illness stigma. Foster youth are seldom given early mental health evaluations and evidence-based therapies. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Foster youth experience more untreated mental illness and ineffective therapy.Racial and ethnic disparities raise risk; overrepresented in foster care, black, Indigenous, and other youth of color get ten times worse mental health treatment. These populations get less trauma-informed and culturally appropriate mental health care and are more likely to enter foster care (Dettlaff & Boyd, 2020). Racism and systemic neglect worsen depression, emotional distress, and marginalization ten times. Due to several risk factors, Health Promotion Interventions for this population must be thorough, trauma-informed, and culturally relevant. Effective program design considers racism, poverty, healthcare, and education. Nursing and health systems may personalize mental health promotion for foster youth, inferior ones, to prevent depression and increase resilience.Review of Literature: Evidence-Based InterventionsTrauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) is one of the most studied and proven treatments for depression and trauma-related symptoms in children and adolescents, particularly in foster care. In order to assist youth with a history of trauma in processing trauma and developing healthy coping mechanisms, TF-CBT integrates cognitive-behavioral therapies with trauma-sensitive principles. Foster youth who had been abused or neglected received TF-CBT in a study by Onsjö et al. (2025). After treatment, sadness and PTSD symptoms decreased significantly and lasted at least six months. TF-CBT’s strengths are the regulated, time-limited 12–20-session technique and concurrent treatment for the child and caregiver. This dual-involvement paradigm is crucial in foster care because it promotes emotional support and better communication between youth and caregivers. Telemedicine for youth treatment in poor areas has shown flexibility and adaptability in TF-CBT. Foster youth who live in remote places without mental health services or who experience frequent placement changes benefit most. When foster caregivers do not feel secure in their relationships, they have boundaries. With numerous placements during childhood, young people become hard to treat for those caring for them. Fluctuations in Supervisor focus on TF-CBT can reduce its effectiveness and adherence to the treatment.Synthesis of Literature: Strengths and WeaknessesCurrently, the profession stresses the need of a comprehensive approach to treating depression in foster youth owing to their unique circumstances. Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) and peer mentoring should work along with evidence. TF-CBT helps depressed and traumatized youth understand and manage trauma, control strong emotions, and change disturbing thoughts (Goldstein et al., 2024). Proven trauma-reduction approaches help abused and neglected foster youth. “Fostering Health and Futures” promotes teenage mental health. With mild supervision, the programs provide emotional support, competent guidance, and role models. They alleviate melancholy, increase self-esteem, solve difficulties, and connect youth to lessen foster care risks. TF-CBT and mentoring programs use in-person, group, and telemedicine, according to Goldstein et al. (2024).The treatments are successful, but various obstacles prevent their adoption and scaling. High mental health professional turnover rates may compromise program integrity and long-term effects, limited trauma-informed care clinician availability, and systemic opposition from overworked child welfare agencies. Despite the strong evidence foundation, much research assessing these treatments uses small or demographically homogenous samples, making applying results to foster youth’s heterogeneous community difficult. For racial and ethnic minority youth who already experience disproportionate placement in the foster system, cultural competency and inclusion are often poorly addressed in program design and implementation (Dettlaff & Boyd, 2020). This leaves gaps in care. To improve results, we must integrate depression therapies within a wraparound framework that encompasses education, housing, social service coordination, and caregiver training. Healthcare providers, foster agencies, schools, and community groups must work together for comprehensive and lasting results. The planned health promotion effort addresses foster youth’s internal and external issues using TF-CBT, peer mentoring, and foster caregiver education. This complete program helps this high-risk group achieve resilience, psychological healing, and long-term emotional stability by improving coping strategies and support structures.Theoretical Framework: Pender’s Health Promotion ModelPender’s Health Improvement Model (HPM) is a comprehensive and dynamic theoretical framework for mental health improvement interventions in disadvantaged populations. Nola Pender’s HPM prioritizes well-being and life quality above sickness prevention and treatment (Santos et al., 2025). Knowledge, resources, and assistance may promote healthy habits. The aims of the foster youth intervention include MDD symptoms, emotional resilience, self-efficacy, and long-term mental health. The HPM addresses social, biological, psychological, and personal elements that affect behavior. Early trauma, relationship issues, and financial issues might harm foster youth’s mental health and therapy. By taking these character traits into account, Health Promotion Programs may develop culturally sensitive and trauma-informed treatments. Therapy materials that represent the youth’s cultural identity or comparable racial or ethnic origins help develop rapport and encourage engagement in treatment. Teen materials must include cognitive and developmental levels. Health behavior and cognitive processes are also affected by activity-specific cognitions and emotions. For example, these components include benefits, challenges, self-efficacy, and interpersonal aspects. Foster kids under ten experience low self-esteem and agency, which may cause them to question therapy or other interventions. Interventions that engage former foster teens as peer mentors may enhance self-confidence and gains. Supportive caregivers and social workers may also encourage youngsters to obtain mental health services and follow treatment programs.The HPM emphasizes commitment and removing behavioral change barriers. Foster youth seeking mental health care face transportation challenges, school and court scheduling conflicts, and stigma. Health promotion initiatives spearheaded by HPM should include mobile treatment units, telemedicine, and flexible scheduling. The adjustments boost accessibility and support adolescent mental health. Health professionals may design and administer a customized intervention using the Health Promotion Model. The paradigm tackles the complicated relationship among personal experiences, cognitive beliefs, and environmental circumstances to promote client-centered, lasting change. The HPM framework will improve foster kids’ emotional health, resilience, and life outcomes.ReferencesChristian Alliance for Orphans. (2024).Foster care statistics. Christian Alliance for Orphans. https://cafo.org/foster-care-statistics/Davi, N. (2024). Foster care and adoption statistics – AFCARS – national council for adoption.National Council for Adoption. https://adoptioncouncil.org/article/foster-care-and-adoption-statistics/Dettlaff, A. J., & Boyd, R. (2021). Racial disproportionality and disparities in the child welfare system: Why do they exist, and what can be done to address them?The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science,692(1), 253–274. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716220980329Goldstein, E. G., Font, S. A., Kennedy, R. S., Connell, C. M., & Kurpiel, A. E. (2024). Do foster youth face harsher juvenile justice outcomes? Reinvestigating child welfare bias in juvenile justice processing.Criminology & Public Policy. https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-9133.12689National Institute of Mental Health. (2023).Major depression. National Institute of Mental Health. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/statistics/major-depressionOnsjö, M., Axberg, U., Hultmann, O., & Strand, J. (2025). A mixed-methods evaluation of long-term outcomes after trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy for children subjected to family violence.Psychotherapy Research, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/10503307.2025.2469256Santos, M. G. dos, Pleutim, N. I., Queiroz-Cardoso, A. I. de, Ramalho, L. dos S., Souza, V. S. de, & Teston, E. F. (2025). Use of the health promotion model by nursing in primary care: An integrative review.Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem,78(2). https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2024-0096Schlack, R., Peerenboom, N., Neuperdt, L., Junker, S., & Beyer, A.-K. (2021). The effects of mental health problems in childhood and adolescence in young adults: Results of the KiGGS cohort.Journal of Health Monitoring,6(4), 3–19. https://doi.org/10.25646/886312Bids(49)PROVEN STERLINGMiss DeannaDr. Ellen RMMathProgrammingDr. Aylin JMDr. Sarah BlakeMISS HILLARY A+Dr Michelle Ellaabdul_rehman_STELLAR GEEK A+ProWritingGuruWIZARD_KIMProf. TOPGRADEfirstclass tutorProf Double RDr. Adeline ZoenicohwilliamIsabella HarvardMUSYOKIONES A+Dr CloverShow All Bidsother Questions(10)done“Change Management” – Assignment 3: Forces for ChangeALGEBRA QUIZ: FOR TUTOR (DR.NAPOLEON)MATLABdiscussion only faithStatistics Final Exam on Aleksessay 4 pagesquantify credit risk discussion postfor idealbooks only“Diversity in education and schools.”

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