In your grant proposal, be sure to include:

1. A needs assessment:
   1. Discuss the reason for a needs assessment.
   2. Include the goals and desired outcomes of this assessment.
   3. Determine the stakeholders you would seek to help you complete the assessment. Explain your rationale for your selection.
   4. Explain the strengths and weakness of this assessment.
   5. List the resources you would recruit from the community to help you accomplish your goals.
2. An intervention program to combat the opioid crisis (from your week 5 assignment):
   1. State your null hypothesis.
   2. Examine the type of intervention you would use.
   3. Describe the population sample you would target, why you chose this population, and how you would recruit your participants.
   4. Include any other stakeholders who were not included in your needs assessment.
   5. Discuss how you would ensure that the intervention is culturally appropriate.
3. The evaluation process:
   1. Determine the desired outcome for this program.
   2. Detail the types of evaluations you would carry out for this program.
   3. Assess the type of statistical analysis appropriate for this intervention program.
   4. Explain the type of budget that would be appropriate for this process.
4. The effects of this program on Anytown, U.S.A.:
   1. Analyze whether the results of this program are applicable to the general population.
   2. Based on your anticipated results, what local policies would you advocate for implementation, and what community stakeholders would assist with supporting these policies?
5. Conclude with the potential effects of this proposal.

Your proposal should be 5–7 pages in length, excluding title and reference page. Use current APA formatting to style your paper and to cite a minimum of four sources. Integrate a minimum of four scholarly sources into the paragraphs. Use internal citations pointing to evidence in the literature and supporting your ideas. You will need to include a reference page.

Construct a separate PowerPoint presentation of the grant proposal 

In your presentation, be sure to include highlights from:

The needs assessment

The intervention program

The evaluation process

The effects on Anytown

Finally, state why your grant proposal should be accepted as you conclude your presentation.

Ethics in Nursing

End of Life—Reflection 

Assignment: Write an essay of a minimum of 500 words that include the responses to the following questions. The rubric below instructs how this assignment will be graded. You are to use at one professional journal reference to substantiate your thoughts on end of life care or any of the ethical principles that were in operation (or not) during the end of life simulation experience.

1. How will you use this end-of-life experience to inform your nursing practice? What specific changes will you make?

2. What communication skills did you learn and how can you use them in applying these in your profession?

3. Did you see a satisfactory resolution to the ethical dilemmas presented? What would you have done differently if you had participated in this experience?

4. Has this end-of-life simulation experience changed or deepened your opinion/beliefs about death and dying? Please elaborate.

prompt1

Please watch the film, And the Band Played On.   

This film may be available on the Internet through free sites such as Youtube 

What factors inhibited the early war against acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)? Do you believe the AIDS outbreak could have been stopped? Why or why not?  What role does advocacy play in the film? How much publicity does HIV/AIDS receive today?  What’s the story of HIV/AIDS in the 21st century? Explain.

prompt2

How do occupation and culture influence psychosocial stressors that affect middle-aged adults? How does your occupation influence psychosocial stressors?

For this assignment, explore the different types of leadership styles. In a 10-12-slide PowerPoint discuss which approaches are most effective for a health care setting and why. For the presentation of your PowerPoint, use Loom to create a voice-over or a video. Refer to the Topic Materials for additional guidance on recording your presentation with Loom. Include an additional slide for the following: Title page, Loom link (at the beginning), and an additional slide for References at the end.

1. Define leadership style and explain why it is important to for health care leaders to understand their leadership style.
2. Outline the leadership skills and behaviors necessary to leverage diversity, foster inclusion and ensure professionalism and professional responsibility.
3. Examine different leadership styles. Describe two leadership styles that would be especially effective in a health care setting and explain why. Discuss advantages and challenges for each of these leadership styles.
4. Explain how leadership styles are impacted by personal, organizational, societal, multicultural, and global norms and values.

A minimum of three academic references from credible sources are required for this assignment.

While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. 

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion. 

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the LopesWrite Technical Support articles for assistance. 

Benchmark Information

This benchmark assignment assesses the following programmatic competency:

BS Health Sciences

4.4: Identify how various leadership styles are impacted by personal, organizational, societal, multicultural, and global norms and values.

Assessment 1

• Proposing a New Initiative

Research an economic opportunity that might be available within your health care setting that will provide ethical and culturally equitable improvements to the quality of care. Then, write a 2–4-page proposal for an initiative to take advantage of that opportunity, supported with economic data and an analysis of the prospective benefits.

Note: Each assessment in this course builds upon the work you have completed in previous assessments. Therefore, you must complete the assessments in the order in which they are presented.

Master’s-level health care practitioners are charged with the responsibility of constantly scanning the external environment for shifts in the supply of, and demand for, services. Concurrently, leaders must examine their organization’s strategic direction and determine whether adjustments must be made to current service offerings, whether equipment updates are needed, whether staffing models should be changed, and whether other decisions must be made. Each decision that is proposed must be evaluated in terms of the organization as a system, alignment with the organization’s mission and strategy, available internal resources, potential contract and payer source implications, and the short- and long-term economic effects at both the micro and macro levels.

Health Care Supply and Demand

The following multimedia animation illustrates elastic and inelastic demand curves, with changes in price.

Medical Care Demand Elasticities.

The following multimedia simulation presents the many concerns of stakeholders about the potential effects on an existing hospital system of a proposed mobile clinic for veterans with PTSD.

Vila Health: A New Mobile Clinic.

The following multimedia self-check activities will aid you in defining terms commonly used in discussions of health care economics.

The Demand for Health.

U.S. Health Care System Issues.

Understanding supply and demand in health care can be crucial to effective cost management and fiscal responsibility. This author explains the concept well by the use of examples and strategies for success.

Indresano, R. (2016). How to rebalance the supply-demand scales in healthcare. Retrieved from https://www.beckershospitalreview.com/patient-engagement/how-to-rebalance-the-supply-demand-scales-in-healthcare.html

The following article addresses the how and why behind the concept of spending efficiently in health care organizations. Examining the costs and benefits of economic opportunities is the key to success for leaders that know how to do more with less.

Doi, S., Ide, H., & Takeuchi, K., Fujita, S., & Takabayashi, K. (2017). Estimation and evaluation of future demand and supply of healthcare services based on a patient access area model. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 14(11), 1367–1381.

Health Care Costs

The following article provides a good example of the impact that the current health care environment has had on the practice of nurse practitioners. Many of these restrictions are similar toother disciplines, while others are unique to health care providers. This is important from the perspective of both the care giver and patients.

Chattopadhyay, S., & Zangaro, G. (2019). The economic cost and impacts of scope of practice restrictions on nurse practitioners. Nursing Economics, 37(6), 273–283.

The following article addresses the financial impact of health care and why health care executives and leaders play such a fiduciary role between the organization and environment. What is revealed is why the application of research and best practices becomes paramount for successful fiscal management for health care organization’s viability and sustainability.

Lyford, S., & Lash, T. A. (2019). America’s healthcare cost crisis: As the costs of U.S. healthcare continue to escalate, three commonsense reforms could reverse this unsustainable trend. Generations, 7–12.

Economic Initiatives

The following articles address the critical importance of aligning the quality of patient care initiatives with cost-effectiveness. The creation of service lines and the improvement of current practices must be sustainable and realistic to meet the challenges of ongoing performance improvement from the perspective of productivity standards.

Bennett, L. E., Jewell, V. D., Scheirton, L., McCarthy, M., & Muir, B. C. (2019). Productivity standards and the impact on quality of care: A national survey of inpatient rehabilitation professionals. Open Journal of Occupational Therapy, 7(4), 1–11.

Lin, C., Romley, J. A., & Carlin, C. (2018). The relationship between the patient-centered medical homes, healthcare expenditures, and quality of care among children with special health care needs. Maternal & Child Health Journal, 22(12), 1751–1760.

The following article addresses the provision of free health care services and the evaluation of the program’s impacts.

Edoka, I., Ensor, T., McPake, B., Amara, R., Tseng, F.-M., & Edem-Hotah, J. (2016). Free health care for under-fives, expectant and recent mothers? Evaluating the impact of Sierra Leone’s free health care initiative. Health Economics Review, 6(19), 1–15. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4877339/

The following interesting article provides the perspective of the cost evaluation process with use of a trial for a new initiative. It can be identified why a trial run can be benefit when exploring the opportunities for management of the costs from before and after the plan is implemented.

Panagioti, M., Reeves, D., Meacock, R., Parkinson, B., Lovell, K., Hann, M., . . . Bower, P. (2018). Is telephone health coaching a useful population health strategy for supporting older people with multimorbidity? An evaluation of reach, effectiveness and cost-effectiveness using a ‘trial within a cohort’. BMC Medicine, 16(1), 1–15.

The following article addresses the impact of an economic initiative on cost, utilization, and outcomes.

Rhodes, K. V., Basseyn, S., Gallop, R., Noll, E., Rothbard, A., & Crits-Christoph, P. (2016). Pennsylvania’s medical home initiative: Reductions in healthcare utilization and cost among Medicaid patients with medical and psychiatric comorbidities. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 31(11), 1373–1381. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5071276/

Ethical and Cultural Issues

The systemic review findings in the following article include evidence that interventions to improve cultural competency can improve patient or client health outcomes.

Truong, M., Paradies, Y., & Priest, N. (2014). Interventions to improve cultural competency in healthcare: A systematic review of reviews. BMC Health Services Research, 14, 99. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3946184/

Library Research Guides

You may choose other resources to prepare for this assessment; however, you will need to ensure that they are appropriate, credible, and valid. The following library guides can help direct your research.

MHA Program Library Guide.

MSN Program Library Research Guide.

Public Health Masters Program Library Guide.

Additional Resources for Further Exploration

Review the following:

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (n.d.). National Center for Health Statistics. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/

Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://cms.gov/

National Institutes of Health. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.nih.gov/

Assessment Instructions

Research an economic opportunity that might be available within your health care setting—at both micro (departmental, neighborhood) and macro (organizational, community) levels—that you believe will provide ethical and culturally equitable improvements to the quality of care. Then, propose an initiative to take advantage of that opportunity. Support your proposal with economic data (sector growth, supply versus demand, cost versus reimbursement, et cetera) and an analysis of the prospective benefits for your department and for the organization overall.

Such economic opportunities might include offering a new service line, working to improve a service line already offered, retiring an outdated or unprofitable service line, or any other initiative you believe will be of benefit to your organization in the short and long term. One example is a recently launched partnership with a local bicycle sharing company. Your organization partners with them to host healthy community events that offer free screenings for early detection of various health issues. Free screenings help fulfill some of your organization’s preventive and healthy lifestyle initiatives, while also potentially driving referrals to other services provided by your organization.

Note: Your proposal will serve as the basis for subsequent assessments in this course.

Note: Remember that you can submit all, or a portion of, your draft proposal to Smarthinking for feedback before you submit the final version for this assessment. If you plan on using this free service, be mindful of the turnaround time of 24–48 hours for receiving feedback.

Requirements

The requirements for your proposal, outlined below, correspond to the scoring guide criteria, so be sure to address each main point. Read the performance-level descriptions for each criterion to see how your work will be assessed. In addition, be sure to note the requirements for document format, length, and supporting evidence.

Explain why your proposed initiative presents a viable and beneficial economic opportunity for your organization.

Describe your proposed service line or economic initiative.

Explain why your proposal presents an economic opportunity at the micro level and macro level.

Explain how your proposed initiative will provide ethical and culturally equitable improvements to the quality of care.

Analyze the economic factors of supply and demand associated with your proposed initiative, within a context relevant to your organization or care setting.

What do economic and demographic data suggest is the supply and demand?

What additional information would improve your analysis?

Explain how relevant economic and environmental data support your proposed initiative.

How does the data illustrate a potential opportunity and the economic viability of your proposal?

Write concisely and directly, using active voice.

Proofread your proposal before you submit it to minimize errors that could distract readers and make it more difficult for them to focus on the substance of your proposal.

Support main points, assertions, arguments, conclusions, or recommendations with relevant and credible evidence.

Example Assessment: You may use the following to give you an idea of what a Proficient or higher rating on the scoring guide would look like:

Assessment 1 Example [PDF].

Additional Requirements

Your assessment should also meet the following requirements:

Format: Format your proposal using current APA style. Use the APA Style Paper Template [DOCX]. An APA Style Paper Tutorial [DOCX] is also provided to help you in writing and formatting your proposal. Be sure to include:

A title page and references page. An abstract is not required.

A running head on all pages.

Appropriate section headings.

Length: Your proposal should be 2–4 pages in length, not including the title page and references page.

Supporting evidence: Cite 3–5 authoritative and scholarly resources to support your proposal. Be sure that your sources include specific economic data.

Note: Faculty may use the Writing Feedback Tool when grading this assessment. The Writing Feedback Tool is designed to provide you with guidance and resources to develop your writing based on five core skills. You will find writing feedback in the Scoring Guide for the assessment, after your work has been evaluated.

Portfolio Prompt: You may choose to save your proposal to your ePortfolio.

Competencies Measured

By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and assessment scoring guide criteria:

Competency 1: Analyze the effects of financial and economic factors (such as cost-benefit, supply and demand, return on investment, and risks) in a health care system on patient care, services offered, and organizational structures and operation.

Analyze the economic factors of supply and demand associated with a proposed initiative, within a context relevant to a particular organization or care setting.

Competency 2: Develop ethical and culturally equitable solutions to economic problems within a health care organization in an effort to improve the quality of care and services offered.

Explain why a proposed initiative presents a viable and beneficial economic opportunity for an organization.

Competency 3: Justify the qualitative and quantitative information used to guide economic decision making to stakeholders and colleagues.

Explain how relevant economic and environmental data support a proposed initiative.

Competency 5: Produce clear, coherent, and professional written work, in accordance with Capella writing standards.

Write concisely and directly using active voice.

Support main points, assertions, arguments, conclusions, or recommendations with relevant and credible evidence.