Not all EBP projects result in statistically significant results. Define clinical significance, and explain the difference between clinical and statistical significance. How can you use clinical significance to support positive outcomes in your project? 200 words

1-In order to get real results, and a truly random study we need to not have bias. Its one of the things that I notice most when people are having their vaccine debate, or with political garb. You can almost always tell when someone has an agenda they are trying to push. 

2-An important feature of a good study is that the sample is randomly selected from the target population which is the entire group of individuals that the researcher is interested in studying. To choose randomly means that every member of the target population has an equal chance of being included in the sample. This will prevent biased in the sample group.

To prevent problems in obtaining a truly random sampling, several steps can be taken.

1. The      target population is well defined. If not well defined, the sample that is      actually studied may be outside the intended population or the survey may      include people that should be included.
2. The      sample matches the target population. It would be difficult to ask      everyone in the target population to provide the wanted information, so      the best that the researcher can do is select a subset of individuals from      the population and gather information from them.
3. The      sample size is large enough. If there is a large sample size that is      representative of the target population (randomly selected) the      information is likely to be accurate.

In any research project, steps must be taken to prevent biased. Part of that process is to realize the importance of random sampling. Bias can easily be introduced by not defining the target population well enough, ensuring the sample matches the target population and ensuring the sample size is large enough.

Reference:

Rumsey, D., (2010). Statistics Essentials for Dummies. Wiley Publishing, Inc. Indianapolis, IN

3-Sampling is the process of selecting a representative group from the population under study. It is more or less impossible to study every single person in a target population so psychologists select a sample or sub-group of the population that is likely to be representative of the target population we are interested in. If the sample we select is going to represent the target population then we need to make sure that the people in it are similar to the other members of the target population. This is important because we want to generalize from the sample to target population. The participants in research, the sample should be as representative as possible of target population. The more representative the sample, the more confident the researcher can be the results can be generalized to the target population. Everyone in the entire target population has an equal chance being selected. This is s similar to the national lottery. If the ‘population’ is everyone, who has bought a lottery ticket, then each person has an equal chance of winning the lottery. Random samples require a way of naming or numbering the target population and then using some type of raffle method to choose those to make up the sample. Random samples are the best method of selecting your samples from the population of interest. The advantages are that your sample should represent the target population and eliminate sampling unfairness, but the disadvantage is that it is very difficult to achieve.

     One of the  problems that can occur when selecting a sample from a target population is sampling bias, sampling bias refers to situation where the samples doesn’t reflect the characteristics of the target population. Many psychology studies have a biased sample because they have used a opportunity sample that comprises university students as their participants

Reference:

McLeod, S.A. (2014) .Sampling methods. Retrieved from www. simply psychology.org//sampling.html

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Comment1

The first step to gaining the support and funding with your idea to improve patient care is to perform research and be prepared. One should be able to support their ideas with literature and evidence based practice. I would input my idea along with the evidence based practice into a neatly design PowerPoint. The presentation would last approximately 10 minutes. The presentation will clear and simple for the upper management team to understand. The presentation would state the purpose of the idea, benefits of the idea, cost of the idea, and the population that the idea is targeting. I would show compassion for my idea while connecting with the upper management. At the end of the presentation there will be allotted time for any questions that upper management may have.

Top tips for presenting an effective presentation: Show compassion and connect with the audience, focus on the audience needs, keep it simple, smile and make eye contact, start strong, keep slides to the minimum of 10-30, tell stories, use your voice effectively, body language, and relax, breath, enjoy (Anderson, 2013)

comment2

Communication is a process through which information, understanding, and perceptions are passed from one person to another; communication is very important in nursing as it is an integral part in the field. Many of the times when we meet for the council meeting, staffs have been coming up with ideas on how patient care can be improved and the process has been encouraged as it seeks to come up with new ways of improving service to the patients. In some instances, there are ideas which I approve without involving the management, and there are others which need the approval of the top management to be implemented.  

My unit council had noted that patients have been walking for long to access services within the facility, this is because the parking lot is located fur and sometimes the patients have been facing challenges (Huber, 2017).To present the changes to the upper management I used oral presentation though there were some visual tools to help in illustrating issues which cannot be presented verbally. During the presentation, I made sure to explain how the idea come about and how my unit has come up with a solution to the problem. In the discussion, we talked of the possible outcome if the idea was implemented and how it would improve service to the patients. The issue could be solved by coming up with valet parking for emergency patients. By the time we left the boardroom, the management had approved the implementation of valet parking for emergency patients. The reason why I chose this type of communication is that it is easy to get the feedback and I can evaluate the visual impressions of the management.

ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY

For your final paper, you will be required to have eight credible and scholarly sources. For this assignment, you must choose seven sources to create an annotated bibliography.

Research Topic 

Is telehealthcare a good option for nursing homes?

Thesis

The benefits of telehealthcare outweigh its shortcoming, and it is thus wise to adopt it in the delivery of care with advancement in technologies.

For this homework, annotated bibliography is required only.

For each source, you will first need to have an appropriately formatted APA reference citation, immediately followed with a citation entry.

The citation entry should address the following components:

A short summary of the articles

An evaluation of the author’s background or authority

A description of the intended audience

A comparison of this work with other sources you have selected

An explanation of how this source supports or opposes your topic

Remember that your entire annotated bibliography should be double-spaced with no extra spaces between entries.

Your bibliography needs to be correctly indented with the first line of each reference list citation flush left with the left-hand margin (no indentation), and the second and proceeding lines should have a one-half inch hanging indent from the left-hand margin.

Your annotation begins on the line following the end of the reference, and lines up with the indented portion of the reference.

Your citations should be listed in alphabetical order by author’s last name.

Rubrics: 

Sources are highly relevant to the topic and add greatly to research potential. Few, if any, additional sources are needed. All sources are from credible, scholarly, peer-reviewed materials.

All main/critical points are included for each annotation. Annotations succinctly and comprehensively describe the source material.

Evaluation clearly explains why the sources were chosen and thoroughly identifies their degree of relevance to the topic.

The assignment consistently follows current APA format and is free from errors in formatting, citation, and references. No grammatical, spelling, or punctuation errors. All sources are cited and referenced correctly.