worksheet chapter 1

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Biological Psychology Worksheet

PSYCH/575 Version 3

 1

University of Phoenix Material

Biological Psychology Worksheet

Answer the following questions with 50-to 100-word responses. Prepare to discuss your answers.

1. What are the core assumptions of the biopsychological approach?

Biopsychological approach is also known as physiological psychology, which focuses on the relationship between behaviors, biological makeup, and experiences (Carlson, 2010). Studies of the functions of the nervous system include examples of brain damage, by damaging or disconnecting conscious brain functions from the speech mechanisms in the left hemisphere (Carlson, 2010). The phenomenon of blindsight is partial damage to the visual system on one side of the brain (Carlson, 2010). The phenomenon of unilateral involves consciousness operations of the verbal mechanisms of the left hemisphere (Carlson, 2010). The understanding of the language functions of the brain will lead to an understanding of how the brain may be conscious of its own existence (Carlson, 2010).

2. What historical disciplines converge to create biological psychology?

Physiological psychologists use both reduction and generalization to explain behavior (Carlson, 2010). Generalization refers to the classification of phenomena according to their essential features so that general laws can be formulated (Carlson, 2010). Reduction refers to the description of phenomena in terms of more basic physical processes (Carlson, 2010). Generalizations use the traditional methods of psychology whereas reduction explains behaviors in terms of physiological events within the body primarily within the nervous system (Carlson, 2010). Physiological psychology builds upon the tradition of both experimental psychology and experimental physiology (Carlson, 2010).

3. What are some of the earliest examples of a biological approach to studying behavior?

The most popular example is the evolution of the Darwin’s theory, which is based upon the concepts of natural selection (Carlson, 2010). The theory suggests that it is important to have an understanding of the performing functions of organs, body parts, and behavior (Carlson, 2010). Changes in genetics may cause the production of different proteins, which alters physical characteristics (Carlson, 2010). After the changes confer with a selective advantage, the new genes will be transmitted to other members of the species (Carlson, 2010). Behaviors may also evolve, through the selective advantage of alterations in the structure of the nervous system (Carlson, 2010). Examples of homo neanderthalis evolving into homo sapiens is the perfect study.

4. What are some examples of modern careers that have resulted from studying biological psychology? Include an overview of the careers.

A career in physiological psychology must be obtained with a graduate degree and serve years as junior scientist. Physiological psychology includes the study of neuroscience (Carlson, 2010). A career as a Neuroscientists concerns there study with all aspects of the nervous system: its anatomy, chemistry, physiology, development, and functioning (Carlson, 2010). The research of neuroscientists ranges from the study of molecular genetics to the study of social behavior (Carlson, 2010). Most professional physiological psychologists are employed by colleges and universities, where they are engaged in teaching and research (Carlson, 2010).

5. How is biological psychology viewed by other professionals in psychology today?

The field provides a unique forum for the collaboration and interaction of professionals unparalleled in other areas of scientific and clinical study (Rosenzweig, Breedlove & et al, 2001). Biological psychology contributes to the advancement of empirical and theoretical perspectives (Rosenzweig, Breedlove & et al, 2001). The diverse professionals include representation of investigators trained in the areas of anatomy, anthropology, behavioral medicine, biochemistry, clinical neuropsychology, endocrinology, genetics, molecular biology, paleontology, psychiatry, and psychophysiology (Rosenzweig, Breedlove & et al, 2001). Working together, the professionals study the structural and functional aspects of behavior across species, explore the developmental processes of biology and behavior across the life span, and utilize findings to formulate practical applications that promote human health while respecting each other views and opinions (Rosenzweig, Breedlove & et al, 2001).

Reference:

Carlson, N. R. (2010). Physiology of behavior. (10th ed.). Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon.

Rosenzweig, M.R., Breedlove, S.M. & Leiman, A.L. (2001). Biological Psychology: An Introduction to Behavioral, Cognitive, and Clinical Neuroscience. (3rd ed.). Sunderland, MA.

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2 pages response due friday 8AM pst

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1. Responded to message below. Should be at least 250 words. Responses should be informative and contribute to advancing knowledge of the topic. Include at least 2 APA-cited references.

Frank, Greitzer & Holimer (2011) makes powerful augments about the difficulties surrounding the trail before the fact. I agree with them. It really is difficult to determine if threats are bogus and if they should be taken seriously. However, once a threat is made it must be taken seriously and that it is highly possible for the individual to carry out their plan. It is also difficult to know the individual’s state of mind or if the individual has psychological issues. Frank, Greitzer & Holimer (2011) states, “there are several factors that should taken into consideration regarding picking up the trail before the fact, (a) the lack of sufficient real-world data that has “ground truth” adequate scientific verification and validate of proposed solutions; (b) the difficulty in distinguishing between malicious insider behavior and what can be described as normal or legitimate behavior (c) the potential quantity of data, and the resultant number of “associations” or relationships that may emerge produce enormous scalability challenges; and (d) despite ample evidence suggesting that in a preponderance of cases, the perpetrator exhibited observable ‘concerning behaviors’. All threats should be taken into account and noted as warning signals and reported to the proper authorities.

Sometimes the most damage is done by individuals who had a personal insight into the company or one who became disgruntled. They know the outs an ins of the organization and how to cause the most damage. I also agree that the methods and skills of the perpetrators have changed in recent years. With all of the new technology, the generations have become wiser and smarter. Therefore, all threats should be observed.

2. Responded to message below. Should be at least 250 words. Responses should be informative and contribute to advancing knowledge of the topic. Include at least 2 APA-cited references.

What Frank, Greitzer & Hohimer (2011) argue about difficulties of picking up the trail before the fact, in order to provide time to intervene and prevent an insider cyber attack?
I agree with Greitzer and Hohimer that insider threat is a serious concern for cyber security that has to be addressed successfully. Unfortunately this is much easier said than done. The nature of insider threat makes it very difficult to detect and as Grietzer and Hohimer (2011) point out, there is a lack of real world data, it is difficult to differentiate between normal and abnormal behavior, there would be scalability challenges in data collected and no one has really decided to tackle this issue with technology yet (p.27). This means that devising a way to identify an insider threat prior to that insider launching an attack is a task that will not be easy to complete. That doesn’t mean that this is not a goal that we should be working towards, quite the opposite actually. This is something that should be given attention and professionals should be working on methods that can help catch insider threats before the damage is done.
Do you agree with them? Why? Why not?
I do agree with Greitzer and Hohimer that insider threat is a big problem. I also agree that there is a lack of data that can be used to help identify patterns and help develop methods and technology that can catch insider threat early. I have to admit that much of what they discussed in the article was a bit over my head. I don’t fully understand how the technology they discussed would work and I also can’t say that I believe that a technological solution would the perfect solution for this issue. Humans can be very unpredictable. This means that any technology developed to be an early identifier of insider threat will not work every time. I do think that more often than not there will be indicators prior to an insider attack occurring but there is always that chance that someone just snaps. With that being said I do think that there should still be research and work done to mitigate the risk of insider attacks.

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Discussion

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Group Discussion Board Forum Instructions

The purpose of these Group Discussion Board Forums is to expand your thinking about the course materials or apply course materials to counseling scenarios. Some of the discussion board questions have a strong analytical component, as fitting a graduate-level course. As a basis for your reflection/evaluation/application, you will be asked to review the content covered during the discussion module(s)/week(s). In fact, your thread as well as your replies to your classmates must be amply supported by course materials (the lectures and your textbook readings) and properly cited as indicated in the Group Discussion Board Forum Grading Rubric.

In response to the discussion question (Modules/Weeks 2, 4, 6), submit your thread by the date specified using approximately 250–400 words. The grading rubric does not grade for word count. However, realize that too many words may indicate wordiness, but too few words may indicate incomplete thought. In addition to supporting your thread from course sources (with proper, current APA citation), the integration of a Christian worldview is always appropriate. It is also expected that you will include at least two references in every Discussion Board initial post.

  • Use appropriate netiquette,
  • Write at graduate level, and
  • Cite in-text per current      APA format and list references at the bottom of your post. It is expected that you will include at      least one reference in every Discussion Board response post.

When citing any of the presentations provided in the Reading & Study folders, your references must look like the following:

Brewer, G., & Peters, C., (n.d.). [Insert audio lecture title or notes title]. Lynchburg, VA: Liberty

University.

So, for Module/Week 1, a reference would look like this (notice the proper use of APA form):

Brewer, G., & Peters, C. (n.d.). COUC 506 Week Three, Lecture One: Christian spirituality and the ministry of counseling. [PowerPoint]. Lynchburg, VA: Liberty University Online.

Topic:

· The New Christian Counseling 

· Hawkins & Clinton: 

· Chapter 4 Attachment and Relationships

·

· Psychology, Theology, and Spirituality in Christian Counseling McMinn:

· Chapter 1 Religion in the Counseling Office

· Chapter 2 Toward Psychological and Spiritual Health

https://biblia.com/api/plugins/embeddedpreview?resourceName=LLS:5DE4CF0C4A8F7F5A2CE6E885242A5294&historyButtons=false&layout=minimal&navigationBox=false&shareButton=false

For discussion this module/week, we consider how to counsel suffering clients. The class lectures, Entwistle, and McMinn all discuss the concept of suffering and factors guiding how we counsel those who are suffering. In fact, a careful reading of the Reading & Study materials indicates numerous concepts and principles that we could apply as we counsel those who are hurting.

1. Considering the numerous points that were made, make a list of at least 5 concepts (“questions to ask myself as I counsel those who are suffering. . . “) that you found particularly helpful, insightful, unique, or had not thought about before.

2. What guidelines would you particularly emphasize as you counsel hurting people?

3. Then consider this client’s statement: Client: “Dr. Counselor, I have been coming to you now for six weeks. I am not sure that counseling is working. I don’t feel any better now than when we started talking. Why are you not helping to remove this pain that I am feeling?” If your client expects that you help to remove the suffering, how would you respond, based on what you learned from your study for the week?

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SOCW-6051-6200-5-Discussion1&2

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Discussion1 : Racism and Privilege

 

In many societies certain groups possess more resources and hold more power than other groups. In some of these societies, racial discrimination and racial tension also exist. While members of the societies may openly acknowledge that unequal distribution of power and racism are present in their society, many fail to examine the complex relationships between privilege and racism. Social workers must understand this complex relationship so they can educate and empower their clients. Empowerment is the cornerstone of social work practice.

 

In the book Black Empowerment, the author,Barbara Solomon, writes, “Empowerment refers to a process whereby persons who belong to a stigmatized social category throughout their lives can be assisted to develop and increase skills in the exercise of interpersonal influence and the performance of valued social roles” (p. 6).

 

Empowerment practice is based on a collaborative relationship between worker and client, initiated to promote the client’s power through self-actualization, self-determination, and the fulfillment of personal goals (Gutierrez, Parsons, & Cox, 1998). Further, this process includes increasing your clients’ awareness of the structural oppression that exists and its impact on them. It is the role of social workers to empower clients and to bring about awareness of the inequalities that exist in society. This is done two fold—through work with clients on the micro and mezzo levels and on a macro level through work in organizations and communities.

 

Social workers cannot effectively empower clients without first understanding the mechanisms of oppression and how they impact their day-to-day work. Then social workers can recognize the impact on their clients’ lives and apply the appropriate skills.

 

To prepare: Review the case study “Working With Individuals: The Case of Mary.”
 
·      Post an explanation of the relationship between racism and privilege.

·      Furthermore, explain how the concepts of racism and privilege relate to “Working With Individuals: The Case of Mary.”
 
·      Explain the impact of racism and privilege on social work practice.
 
·      Provide recommendations for how you as a social worker might use an empowerment perspective when responding to Mary.

 ·      Be specific and provide examples from the case. Also, identify specific skills social workers might employ.

 

 

References (use at least 2)

 

Adams, M., Blumenfeld, W. J., Castaneda, C., Hackman, H. W., Peters, M. L., & Zuniga, X. (Eds.). (2013). Readings for diversity and social justice. (3rd ed.). New York, NY: Routledge Press.

Chapter 11, (pp. 77–86)

Chapter 12, (pp. 86–92)

Chapter 14, (pp. 96–101)

Chapter 15, (pp. 102–109)

 

 

National Association of Social Workers. (2007). Institutional racism & the social work profession: A call to action. Retrieved from http://www.socialworkers.org/diversity/InstitutionalRacism.pdf

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Plummer, S.-B., Makris, S., & Brocksen S. M. (Eds.). (2014). Social work case studies: Foundation year. Baltimore, MD: Laureate International Universities Publishing. [Vital Source e-reader].

Working With Individuals: The Case of Mary”

 

 

Working With Individuals: The Case of Mary

Mary is a 47-year-old, single, heterosexual Caucasian female. She lives with her 52-year-old sister and 87-year-old father in the home in which she was raised. She also has a 45-year-old sister who lives 10 minutes away and a 23-year-old daughter living on her own. Mary and her family members do not maintain friendships outside the family. Mary has been unable to work for the past 3 years because she says she has felt too frightened to go too far from her home. As a result, she has been financially reliant on her family members for these last few years. Prior to this lapse in employment, she had been a school bus driver and an administrative assistant at a warehouse distribution center. Mary has no history of drug or alcohol abuse. She is well groomed and physically fit with a diagnosis of hypoactive thyroid, for which she is treated with Synthroid®. Mary was diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and adjustment disorder, not otherwise specified (NOS) by the clinic psychiatrist.

 

Before meeting with me, Mary saw a social worker in a private practice for 2 years. She entered treatment with that clinician because she said she was traumatized by a romantic relationship with a married African American man she had met at work. Her trauma symptoms began 6 months after she ended the yearlong romantic relationship. Mary said the romance occurred because he had “brainwashed” her, as there could be no other reason she would have slept with him. Mary believes that bad people are capable of “brainwashing” good people to perform bad deeds. Mary was raised in a home that espoused racism, and she and her family members believe that African Americans and other people of color are untrustworthy and bad. She said, “I take after my father, and he thinks black people are just evil.” Mary said she understands her feelings about race are not right.

Mary considered her initial attempt at treatment unsuccessful for two reasons. First, she felt the therapist (a Caucasian woman) judged her and her family harshly for their racial beliefs and this got in the way of the two of them building a trusting working relationship. Second, she did not feel relief from her PTSD symptoms. Mary ended the relationship with that social worker 6 months ago. Mary then approached her primary care physician about her symptoms, and the doctor prescribed an antidepressant. When, after 3 months, Mary asked to have her dosage increased, the doctor suggested that she get a psychiatric evaluation and consider returning to therapy. Mary’s insurance company suggested our agency for the psychiatric evaluation and approved 10 sessions.

Mary said she felt sad, frightened, and anxious most of the time. She had no appetite, slept most of the day, had no interest in dressing, and rarely left the house. When she did go out, she felt the need to be accompanied by of one of her sisters.

Mary presented as angry during our initial sessions. She requested that one of her sisters attend the sessions with her, to which I agreed. My intent in agreeing to have her sister in the room was to help Mary feel safe and create a strong rapport. During the early sessions, most of what Mary said began as half sentences that she asked her sister to complete. Mary referred to her sisters as her “caretakers and minders” who “know me better than I know myself so you should talk to them.” Mary said that if she talked for herself she would get “it wrong.” The “it” and the “wrong” remained elusive in meaning when I asked her what that meant.

Mary agreed, after two sessions, to meet with me alone. We used our first individual session to establish Mary’s goals for therapy. Among her goals was developing ways she could feel safer about going outside alone. Over the next eight sessions, I used cognitive behavioral therapy interventions to help Mary build coping strategies for recognizing triggers to frightening thoughts and to help her manage her anxiety symptoms. I also used psychoeducational interventions to help Mary develop routines for proper sleep hygiene, healthy eating, and regular exercise.

After several sessions, Mary shared insight into her feelings about dating an African American man. Mary said that being attracted to an African American man frightened her and that there was no future for her relationship with this man because he was married. Mary believed that she had jeopardized her secure position in the family because being with an African American man challenged the family’s ideas about race and their view of themselves as separate and unique from non-family members. Once the family discovered Mary’s relationship with this man, she believed her only way back into their lives was to accept the role of a “crazy sister” in need of protection and whose judgment about people was faulty. By forming a relationship with an African American man, Mary had shown her judgment to be outside of the norm in the conventions of her family.

In our final two sessions, Mary said that she no longer felt like she was the “crazy woman in the family” and she felt safe going to the grocery store alone. It was my impression that Mary may have been the identified patient in her family but exploring this idea would require family therapy.

 

 

 

 

 

Discussion 2 : Values Consistent With Social Work Practice

 

While counseling clients, it can be tempting for social workers to rely on their own set of values and ethical principles. Although the intention here is a good one, social workers must remember that, when working, their values need to be consistent with those of social work practice. The video case study featuring Eboni is a good example of what kinds of consequences can arise when a social worker is led by a personal set of ethics and values. For this Discussion, watch the video about Eboni and consider how you would respond to her during this particularly difficult time in her life. Be sure to include what kinds of supports are available for a pregnant teen.

 

Post your answer to the following questions:

 

·      After watching the video about Eboni, describe her response to the situation in terms of her developmental stage. How would you, as a social worker, respond?

 

·      What do you think are the most important messages for Eboni to understand at this point in her life span?

                 

·      Also, explain which concepts/values, consistent with social work practice, you would try to reinforce.

 

·      Be sure to include what kinds of supports are available for a pregnant teen.

 

References (use at least 2)

 

 

Caputo, R. K. (2009). Adolescent sexual debut: A multisystem perspective of ethnic and racial differences. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 9(4), 330–358.

 

Laureate Education (Producer). (2013). Logan family (Episode 3) [Video file]. In Sessions.

 

Zastrow, C. H., & Kirst-Ashman, K. K. (2016). Understanding human behavior and the social environment (10th ed.). Boston, MA:  Cengage Learning.

Chapter 6 (pp. 295-332)

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PHIL 201 Quiz One (12 Set)

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PHIL 201 Quiz 1

(Set: 1)

• Question 1
When I seek to know if a belief is true, I am performing the task of:
• Question 2
The study of biology would be considered a
• Question 3
Which statement best expresses Socrates idea that the unexamined life is not worth living:
• Question 4
Philosophy evaluates everything including issues of faith.
• Question 5
Which of the beliefs below would qualify as a foundational belief:
• Question 6
Our epistemic obligations include the duty to clarify and justify our beliefs.
• Question 7
The element of comprehensiveness means a worldview should account for every possible belief.
• Question 8
By saying worldview is consistent we mean that:
• Question 9
An attitude of examining beliefs to determine what the mean and if they are true is called:
• Question 10
What should one do if one encounters a new belief that creates inconsistency in a one’s set of beliefs:
• Question 11
How does Jesus affirm the importance of using reason:
• Question 12
According to the reading, it is possible to do hermeneutics without doing philosophy, however you never should.
• Question 13
The problems listed in the reading with the view that “Christians don’t need philosophy, we have the Bible,” include the following:
• Question 14
The three elements listed in the reading that fulfill the biblical mandate to develop a Christian philosophical mindset would include one of the following:
• Question 15
The passage of scripture that says we should beware of vain and deceptive philosophy is:
• Question 16
The branch of philosophy that deals with general theories of values is:
• Question 17
According to the presentation, when dealing with a difficult text in the Bible, every alternative interpretation deserves equally serious consideration.
• Question 18
Which of the following was NOT within the guidelines recommended for the “critical use” of scripture in doing philosophy:
• Question 19
The question of the existence of God comes under which branch of philosophy:
• Question 20
In the presentation we answered the misconception that there are no answers to most philosophical questions by saying:
(Set: 2)
Question 1
It is possible to be completely rational and justified and still be wrong.
Question 2
The study of biology would be considered a
Question 3
Which statement best expresses Socrates idea that the unexamined life is not worth living:
Question 4
Philosophy and science are different in that:
Question 5
Philosophy is more concerned with newly emerging concepts than with perennial, foundational issues.
Question 6
Which of the following is true:
Question 7
The ways in which philosophy is practical, according to the reading, include:
Question 8
By saying worldview is coherent we mean that:
Question 9
The one below that is NOT one of the benefits described in the reading of examining and evaluating our beliefs:
Question 10
An attitude of examining beliefs to determine what the mean and if they are true is called:
Question 11
One finds a general principle in Scripture and then attempts to apply it to an example in current times. The presentation describes this process as:
Question 12
Philosophy aids evangelism specifically by:
Question 13
The three elements listed in the reading that fulfill the biblical mandate to develop a Christian philosophical mindset would include one of the following:
Question 14
To offer a defense for the Christian faith from outside attacks is the task of:
Question 15
Philosophy aids theology by:
Question 16
Philosophy is about asking questions of which there are no real answers.
Question 17
We should be open to changing our interpretation of passage if the evidence warrants that we should do so.
Question 18
The subbranch of metaphysics that deals with the nature of existence itself is:
Question 19
The branch of philosophy that deals with general theories of values is:
Question 20
The Bible adequately addresses almost every philosophical issue and question.

(Set: 3)

• Question 1
A comprehensive system of beliefs that functions as an explanation and interpretation of reality is called:
• Question 2
Which statement best expresses Socrates idea that the unexamined life is not worth living:
• Question 3
Philosophy is mostly interested in discovering new factual data.
• Question 4
A statement about what a person ought to do is called:
• Question 5
What was Kierkegaard’s point about understanding life backward but living it forward:
• Question 6
Adopting the philosophical mindset is more like ajob than a vocation.
• Question 7
The main way mentioned in the reading that the philosophical mindset helps in making moral decisions by:
• Question 8
Our epistemic obligations include the duty to clarify and justify our beliefs.
• Question 9
Our intellectual appetite is a natural desire to know and understand.
• Question 10
The science and art of interpreting scripture is called:
• Question 11
Philosophy aids evangelism specifically by:
• Question 12
The three elements listed in the reading that fulfill the biblical mandate to develop a Christian philosophical mindset would include one of the following:
• Question 13
Prooftexting is often a legitimate way to use scripture.
• Question 14
What was Paul doing in Col 2:
• Question 15
In the presentation the fideist use of the Bible was opposed by the concept of natural revelation.
• Question 16
The presentation says we should be open to changing our interpretation of passage if the evidence warrants that we should do so.
• Question 17
The presentation suggests that believers are not obligated to supply a Bible verse to support every argument in philosophy.
• Question 18
The presentation suggests that a neutral approach is unattainable because we all need a starting point for doing philosophy.
• Question 19
In the presentation, “critical usage” of scripture means:.
• Question 20
The word “philosophy” comes from a combination of two Greek terms. Give the meaning that goes along with each term.

(Set: 4)

Question 1
Philosophy is mostly interested in discovering new factual data.
Question 2
Philosophy and art are different in that philosophy argues for a view while art usually just expresses it.
Question 3
Philosophy evaluates everything including issues of faith.
Question 4
The goal in doing philosophy is to start as best as one can from a completely neutral position on every issue.
Question 5
Cultivating a worldview, as Foreman describes it, is something everyone has done
Question 6
The one below that is NOT one of the benefits described in the reading of examining and evaluating our beliefs:
Question 7
Philosophers largely agree on most issues. That is why they get along with each other so well.
Question 8
A process of education that forces students to think through and clarify their beliefs by asking them questions is called the:
Question 9
The five main reasons given in the reading for why developing the mindset in general includes all but the following:
Question 10
Philosophy aids theology by:
Question 11
To offer a defense for the Christian faith from outside attacks is the task of:
Question 12
According to the reading, it is possible to do hermeneutics without doing philosophy, however you never should.
Question 13
The problems listed in the reading with the view that “Christians don’t need philosophy, we have the Bible,” include the following:
Question 14
A principle of interpretation where one finds a principle in scripture and applies it to an example in current times.
Question 15
The presentation says we should be prepared to explain the literary and historical context of a passage of scripture if we are going to use that passage as support in an argument.
Question 16
The presentation says the Bible adequately addresses almost every philosophical issue and question.
Question 17
In the presentation, which of the following was NOT within the guidelines recommended for the “critical use” of scripture in doing philosophy:
Question 18
In the presentation, “critical usage” of scripture means:
Question 19
The presentation suggests that a neutral approach is unattainable because we all need a starting point for doing philosophy.
Question 20
The word “philosophy” comes from a combination of two Greek terms. Give the meaning that goes along with each term.
(Set: 5)

• Question 1
Which of the beliefs below would qualify as a foundational belief:
• Question 2
Philosophy and science are different in that:
• Question 3
It is possible to be completely rational and justified and still be wrong.
• Question 4
When I seek to know if a belief is true, I am performing the task of:
• Question 5
Philosophy evaluates everything including issues of faith.
• Question 6
Our epistemic obligations include the duty to clarify and justify our beliefs.
• Question 7
Adopting the philosophical mindset is more like a job than a vocation.
• Question 8
The ways in which philosophy is practical, according to the reading, include:
• Question 9
By saying worldview is coherent we mean that:
• Question 10
Bertrand Russell thought philosophy was important because:
• Question 11
How does Jesus affirm the importance of using reason:
• Question 12
The problems listed in the reading with the view that “Christians don’t need philosophy, we have the Bible,” include the following:
• Question 13
The passage that says we should always be prepared to offer a defense for the hope within us:
• Question 14
According to the reading, it is possible to do hermeneutics without doing philosophy, however you never should.
• Question 15
While we are not all called to be philosophers by vocation, what does the biblical mandate say we all called to do:
• Question 16
When I offer you my thought-out, well-reasoned belief about an issue, I am giving you my:
• Question 17
We raise a question in history class about whether or not it was right for President Lincoln to abuse his powers in suspending the writ of habeas corpus during the Civil War. Under which branch of philosophy would you place this discussion:
• Question 18
By “critical usage” of scripture is meant:
• Question 19
In the presentation we answered the misconception that there are no answers to most philosophical questions by saying:
• Question 20
The one below that is not one of the three major branches of philosophy:

(Set: 6)

Question 1
A statement about what a person ought to do is called:
Question 2
The study of biology would be considered a
Question 3
Which of the following are philosophers concerned about:
Question 4
Philosophy is more concerned with newly emerging concepts than with perennial, foundational issues.
Question 5
Philosophy is mostly interested in discovering new factual data.
Question 6
Bertrand Russell thought philosophy was important because:
Question 7
Cultivating a worldview, as Foreman describes it, is something everyone has done.
Question 8
What was Kierkegaard’s point about understanding life backward but living it forward:
Question 9
Choose the best answer: What is wrong with the following set of beliefs as a worldview: (a) There is no God, (b) Man evolved from lower animals over a long period of time, (c) there is no afterlife, (d) people should be good to each other, (e) matter and energy are all that exist, (f) the universe is without any ultimate meaning and value.
Question 10
By saying worldview is consistent we mean that:
Question 11
What was Paul doing in Col 2:
Question 12
The passage that says we should handle accurately the word of God:
Question 13
According to the reading, it is possible to do hermeneutics without doinq philosophy, however you never should.
Question 14
To offer a defense for the Christian faith from outside attacks is the task of:
Question 15
A supererogatory act:
Question 16
The branch of philosophy that deals with general theories of values is:
Question 17
According to the presentation, when dealing with a difficult text in the Bible, every alternative interpretation deserves equally serious consideration.
Question 18
Philosophers seldom agree on many issues.
Question 19
The question “What is truth?” is covered under which branch of philosophy:
Question 20
Which of the following was NOT within the guidelines recommended for the “critical use” of scripture in doinq philosophy:

(Set: 7)

• Question 1
According to the reading, Abraham was an example of blind faith.
• Question 2
The goal in doing philosophy is to start as best as one can from a completely neutral position on every issue.
• Question 3
It is possible to be completely rational and justified and still be wrong.
• Question 4
Which statement best expresses Socrates idea that the unexamined life is not worth living:
• Question 5
The word “philosophy” originated from two Greek terms: philo which means “love” and sophos which means:
• Question 6
By saying worldview is coherent we mean that:
• Question 7
The ways in which philosophy is practical, according to the reading, include:
• Question 8
Which of the following is true:
• Question 9
Bertrand Russell thought philosophy was important because:
• Question 10
Our epistemic obligations include the duty to clarify and justify our beliefs.
• Question 11
Philosophy aids evangelism specifically by:
• Question 12
How does Jesus affirm the importance of using reason:
• Question 13
The problems listed in the reading with the view that “Christians don’t need philosophy, we have the Bible,” include the following:
• Question 14
To offer a defense for the Christian faith from outside attacks is the task of:
• Question 15
The three elements listed in the reading that fulfill the biblical mandate to develop a Christian philosophical rnindset would include one of the following:
• Question 16
We raise a question in history class about whether or not it was right for President Lincoln to abuse his powers in suspending the writ of habeas corpus during the Civil War. Under which branch of philosophy would you place this discussion:
• Question 17
The sub-branch of metaphysics that deals with the nature of existence itself is:
• Question 18
Which of the following was NOT within the guidelines recommended for the “critical use” of scripture in doing philosophy:
• Question 19
The question about whether we can know if God exists or not is:
• Question 20
The Bible adequately addresses almost every philosophical issue and question.

(Set: 8)

Question 1 When I seek to know if a belief is true, I am performing the task of:
Question 2 Which of the beliefs below would qualify as a foundational belief:
Question 3 It is possible to be completely rational and justified and still be wrong.
Question 4 The word “philosophy” originated from two Greek terms: philo which means “love” and sophos which means:
Question 5 According to the reading, Abraham was an example of blind faith.
Question 6 The element of comprehensiveness means a worldview should account for every possible belief.
Question 7 A process of education that forces students to think through and clarify their beliefs by asking them questions is called the:
Question 8 Choose the best answer: What is wrong with the following set of beliefs as a worldview: (a) There is no God, (b) Man evolved from lower animals over a long period of time, (c) there is no afterlife, (d) people should be good to each other, (e) matter and energy are all that exist, (f) the universe is without any ultimate meaning and value.
Question 9 By saying worldview is coherent we mean that:
Question 10 Our intellectual appetite is a natural desire to know and understand.
Question 11 The science and art of interpreting scripture is called:
Question 12 According to the reading, it is possible to do hermeneutics without doing philosophy, however you never should.
Question 13 A supererogatory act:
Question 14 The three elements listed in the reading that fulfill the biblical mandate to develop a Christian philosophical mindset would include one of the following:
Question 15 Using scripture “strategically” means:
Question 16 By “critical usage” of scripture is meant:
Question 17 The one below that is not one of the three major branches of philosophy:
Question 18 We should be open to changing our interpretation of passage if the evidence warrants that we should do so.
Question 19 We raise a question in history class about whether or not it was right for President Lincoln to abuse his powers in suspending the writ of habeas corpus during the Civil War. Under which branch of philosophy would you place this discussion:
Question 20 The subbranch of metaphysics that deals with the nature of existence itself is:

(Set: 9)

Question 1 Philosophy and art are different in that philosophy argues for a view while art usually just expresses it.

Question 2 Which of the following is NOT one of the aspects of “critical thinking” according to the reading:

Question 3 According to the reading, Abraham was an example of blind faith.

Question 4 When I seek to know if a belief is true, I am performing the task of:

Question 5 The study of biology would be considered a

Question 6 Bertrand Russell thought philosophy was important because:

Question 7 The one below that is NOT one of the benefits described in the reading of examining and evaluating our beliefs:

Question 8 Choose the best answer: What is wrong with the following set of beliefs as a worldview: (a) There is no God, (b) Man evolved from lower animals over a long period of time, (c) there is no afterlife, (d) people should be good to each other, (e) matter and energy are all that exist, (f) the universe is without any ultimate meaning and value.

Question 9 Which of the following is true:

Question 10 An attitude of examining beliefs to determine what the mean and if they are true is called:

Question 11 A supererogatory act:

Question 12 Using scripture “strategically” means:

Question 13 To offer a defense for the Christian faith from outside attacks is the task of:

Question 14 According to the reading, it is possible to do hermeneutics without doing philosophy, however you never should.

Question 15 Philosophy aids theology by:

Question 16 The branch of philosophy that deals with general theories of values is:

Question 17 We should be prepared to explain the literary and historical context of a passage of scripture if we are going to use it as support in an argument.

Question 18 The Bible adequately addresses almost every philosophical issue and question.

Question 19 The one below that is not one of the three major branches of philosophy:

Question 20 By “critical usage” of scripture is meant:

(Set: 10)

Question 1 The goal in doing philosophy is to start as best as one can from a completely neutral position on every issue.

Question 2 Which of the following is NOT one of the aspects of “critical thinking” according to the reading:

Question 3 When I seek to know if a belief is true, I am performing the task of:

Question 4 A comprehensive system of beliefs that functions as an explanation and interpretation of reality is called:

Question 5 Which statement best expresses Socrates idea that the unexamined life is not worth living:

Question 6 The ways in which philosophy is practical, according to the reading, include:

Question 7 What was Kierkegaard’s point about understanding life backward but living it forward:

Question 8 Philosophers largely agree on most issues. That is why they get along with each other so well.

Question 9 The one below that is NOT one of the characteristics of good philosophical argument:

Question 10 A process of education that forces students to think through and clarify their beliefs by asking them questions is called the:

Question 11 While we are not all called to be philosophers by vocation, what does the biblical mandate say we all called to do:

Question 12 The passage that says we should always be prepared to offer a defense for the hope within us:

Question 13 Philosophy aids theology by:

Question 14 Prooftexting is often a legitimate way to use scripture.

Question 15 What was Paul doing in Col 2:.

Question 16 The question of the existence of God comes under which branch of philosophy:

Question 17 The subbranch of metaphysics that deals with the nature of existence itself is:

Question 18 According to the presentation, when dealing with a difficult text in the Bible, every alternative interpretation deserves equally serious consideration.

Question 19 Philosophers seldom agree on many issues.

Question 20 We begin with a debate about the problem of evil and I suggest that one solution to the problem is that free will makes evil possible. You question whether we have free will or not and we get into a discussion of the reality of free will. Under what branch of philosophy would you place our discussion now?

(Set: 11)

Question 1 Philosophy is more concerned with newly emerging concepts than with perennial, foundational issues.

Question 2 Philosophy and art are different in that philosophy argues for a view while art usually just expresses it

Question 3 Scientism is defined as the use of the methods of establishing scientific theories.

Question 4 A statement about what a person ought to do is called

Question  5 The word “philosophy” originated from two Greek terms: philo which means “love” and sophos which means

Question 6 The one below that is NOT one of the characteristics of good philosophical argument

Question 7 Cultivating a worldview, as Foreman describes it, is something everyone has done

Question 8 The main way mentioned in the reading that the philosophical mindset helps in making moral decisions by

Question 9 Philosophers largely agree on most issues. That is why they get along with each other so well

Question 10 What should one do if one encounters a new belief that creates inconsistency in a one’s set of beliefs:

Question 11 Prooftexting is often a legitimate way to use scripture

Question 12 While we are not all called to be philosophers by vocation, what does the biblical mandate say we all called to do

Question 13 A principle of interpretation where one finds a principle in scripture and applies it to an example in current times

Question 14 A supererogatory act

Question 15 Using scripture “strategically” means

Question 16 When I offer you my thought-out, well-reasoned belief about an issue, I am giving you my

Question 17 The one below that is not one of the three major branches of philosophy

Question 18 We raise a question in history class about whether or not it was right for President Lincoln to abuse his powers in suspending the writ of habeas corpus during the Civil War. Under which branch of philosophy would you place this discussion

Question 19 By “critical usage” of scripture is meant

Question 20 Philosophy is about asking questions of which there are no real answers

(Set: 12)

Question 1 Which of the beliefs below would qualify as a foundational belief:

Question 2 Reason is “prior” to God in terms of:

Question 3 Which of the following is NOT one of the aspects of “critical thinking” according to the reading:

Question 4 A comprehensive system of beliefs that functions as an explanation and interpretation of reality is called:

Question 5 The relationship between propositional knowledge and experiential knowledge is:

Question 6 Choose the best answer: What is wrong with the following set of beliefs as a worldview: (a) There is no God, (b) Man evolved from lower animals over a long period of time, (c) there is no afterlife, (d) people should be good to each other, (e) matter and energy are all that exist, (f) the universe is without any ultimate meaning and value.

Question 7 Adopting the philosophical mindset is more like a job than a vocation.

Question 8 Our epistemic obligations include the duty to clarify and justify our beliefs.

Question 9 Which of the following is true:

Question 10 Bertrand Russell thought philosophy was important because:

Question 11 The three elements listed in the reading that fulfill the biblical mandate to develop a Christian philosophical mindset would include one of the following:

Question 12 The passage of scripture that says we should beware of vain and deceptive philosophy is:

Question 13 According to the reading, it is possible to do hermeneutics without doing philosophy, however you never should.

Question 14 How does the story in Acts 17 demonstrate the value of reason:

Question 15 To offer a defense for the Christian faith from outside attacks is the task of:

Question 16 The Bible adequately addresses almost every philosophical issue and question.

Question 17 We should be prepared to explain the literary and historical context of a passage of scripture if we are going to use it as support in an argument.

Question 18 We raise a question in history class about whether or not it was right for President Lincoln to abuse his powers in suspending the writ of habeas corpus during the Civil War. Under which branch of philosophy would you place this discussion:

Question 19 The one below that is not one of the three major branches of philosophy:

Question 20 Philosophy is about asking questions of which there are no real answers.

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Psychology week 1 discussion

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This is a graded discussion: 25 points possible due May 11 at 1:59am

Week 1 Discussion: Psychological Perspectives 16 26

Required Resources Read/review the following resources for this activity:

Initial Post Instructions After reviewing the case below, choose two perspectives (neuroscience, humanistic, cognitive, psychodynamic or behavioral) to create a short dialogue between two psychologists discussing Sara’s behavior. Feel free to be creative in your dialogue! Define your two chosen perspectives and briefly discuss the differences of each approach. What was one missing in your dialogue from the case that the other helped to explain?

For example, what would a psychodynamic psychologist say about Sara’s behavior versus a cognitive psychologist? Your dialogue might look something like this:

Psychodynamic Psychologist: Sara seems to be exhibiting these behaviors as a result of unconscious thoughts and conflicts she may not be aware of.

Cognitive Psychologist: That could be true! But I think a possible cause of Sara’s anxiety could stem from the way she thinks about the world around her. Her thinking is distorted and we should work to change that.

Psychodynamic Psychologist: Hmm… Sara’s parents did get a divorce when she was in high school, she could have possibly repressed those feelings that are now coming to the surface from her own recent divorce.

Cognitive Psychologist: Yes, but we are still not getting at the root of the way she thinks and processes information. She excessively worries about everything, not just her parent’s divorce and her own.

Case Sara is 35 year-old woman currently struggling with increasing pressure at work and a recent divorce among many other things in her life. At the urging of her friends and family, she sought counseling and was diagnosed with Depression and Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Sara has a tendency to worry excessively about her children, money, friends, cat, and just about everything else where other people might not find a reason to worry. At work, she has trouble concentrating and is finding it difficult to perform at her best. Her boss is putting more pressure on her to perform better and meet sales goals for the quarter. In general, Sara feels like she is often on edge, tense, exhausted and is very irritable, which has impacted her everyday life. The amount of stress and anxiety Sara is experiencing in her life is also contributing to her depression. She feels as though she is in a vicious cycle she can’t escape.

When Sara was in middle school, her parents argued a lot and she often heard them talking about divorce. In high school, Sara’s parents finally followed through and divorced, which made Sara feel very alone and not in

Textbook: Chapters 1, 2, 3 Lesson

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control of her own life. She said that she still feels that she is not in control, worries often, and can’t control how she feels, despite her attempts.

Be sure to make connections between your ideas and conclusions and the research, concepts, terms, and theory we are discussing this week.

Follow-Up Post Instructions Respond to at least two peers or one peer and the instructor. Further the dialogue by providing more information and clarification.

Writing Requirements

Grading This activity will be graded using the Discussion Grading Rubric. Please review the following link:

Course Outcomes (CO): 1

Due Date for Initial Post: By 11:59 p.m. MT on Wednesday Due Date for Follow-Up Posts: By 11:59 p.m. MT on Sunday

Minimum of 3 posts (1 initial & 2 follow-up) Minimum of 2 sources cited (assigned readings/online lessons and an outside source) APA format for in-text citations and list of references

Link (webpage): Discussion Guidelines

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(https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/69954)Renee Owens (Instructor) Apr 19, 2020

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You may begin posting in this discussion forum on Monday, May 4th.

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This week, you will read about five major perspectives in modern psychology: Neuroscience, Humanistic, Cognitive, Psychodynamic and Behavioral. Each perspective explains human behavior in a different way, with their own strengths and weaknesses. For example, the cognitive perspective focuses on how people think about and understand the world, but doesn’t take into account the physiological and biological processes of each individual (Feldman, 2018).

Review the case below and create a short dialogue between two psychologists discussing Sara’s behavior. Define your two chosen perspectives and briefly discuss the differences of each approach. What was one missing in your dialogue from the case that the other helped to explain?

Feel free to be creative in your dialogue! Be sure to make connections between your ideas and conclusions and the research, concepts, terms, and theory we are discussing this week.

Case

Sara is 35 year-old woman currently struggling with increasing pressure at work and a recent divorce among many other things in her life. At the urging of her friends and family, she sought counseling and was diagnosed with Depression and Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Sara has a tendency to worry excessively about her children, money, friends, cat, and just about everything else where other people might not find a reason to worry. At work, she has trouble concentrating and is finding it difficult to perform at her best. Her boss is putting more pressure on her to perform better and meet sales goals for the quarter. In general, Sara feels like she is often on edge, tense, exhausted and is very irritable, which has impacted her everyday life. The amount of stress and anxiety Sara is experiencing in her life is also contributing to her depression. She feels as though she is in a vicious cycle she can’t escape.

When Sara was in middle school, her parents argued a lot and she often heard them talking about divorce. In high school, Sara’s parents finally followed through and divorced, which made Sara feel very alone and not in control of her own life. She said that she still feels that she is not in control, worries often, and can’t control how she feels, despite her attempts.

 

*Please be sure to review the discussion guidelines via the link provided above as to make sure you understand how discussions will be graded. Remember to cite all of your sources in APA format (in-text citations and a list of references)*

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*Initial response should be posted by Wednesday, May 6th, 11:59 pm MT and discussion requirements must be met by Sunday, May 10th, by 11:59 pm MT*

 

References

Feldman, R. S. (2018). Understanding psychology (14th ed.). Dubuque: McGraw-Hill Education.

(https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/148121)Nicolle Bray (https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/148121) Yesterday

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After reviewing the case I choose cognitive and psychodynamic.

Cognitive: Studies how people understand and think about the world. (Feldman 2018, pg. 15)

Psychodynamic: Contends behavior is motivated by their inner conscience. ( Feldman 2018, pg.15)

Psychodynamic: Sara seems to have been suppressing her feelings about her parents’ divorce and it is finally surfacing because of her recent divorce.

Cognitive: That could be a possibility but it seems to me she is having a lot of pressure put on her for work. This could definitely cause her to feel out of control.

Psychodynamic: That is something to think about but if she felt out of control with her parents’ divorce it could be the cause of her anxiety and stress now because her divorce just triggered those suppressed emotions.

Cognitive: True but her divorce is probably putting a strain on her finical status and her boss isn’t helping the situation.

References:

Feldman, R.S (2018). Understanding psychology. (14th ed.)

(https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/138321)Chioma Anugwom (https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/138321) Monday

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After reviewing the case below; i choose cognitive and psychodynamic.

Phychodynamic according to Sigmund Freud (1856 to 1939) he believed that event in our childhood have a

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great influence on our adult lives, shaping our personality.

Cognitive psychologist try to build up cognitive models of information processing that goes on inside people’s minds including perception, attention,language, memory and consciousness.

psychodynamic psychologist versus cognitive psychologist about Sara’s behavior.

Psychodynamic Psychologist: Sara might be having those troubles due to the events in her life while growing up, which she has suppressed for example, the argument and fights between her parents .

Cognitive Psychologist; Maybe it is true, but on the other hand,maybe it is caused by the overwhelming pressure of balancing the workloads in the office and at home.

Psychodynamic Psychologist: That might be true but i feel that she developed the ability of suppress antagonistic and over whelming situations from the time she was growing up and watching her parents situations. Battling up emotions and avoiding problematic situation for a longtime can have adverse overwhelming effects on the psychological state of a person’s mind, resulting in depression, anxiety and irritability.

Cognitive Psychologist: That is perfectly true. I believe that the accumulations of workload, both in the office and at home, triggered the overflow of the emotions that resulted in Sara’s present state of mind.

 

REFERENCE:

Mc Leod, S. A. (2017). Psychodynamic Approach. Simple Psychology.

(https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/69954)Renee Owens (Instructor) Monday

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Hi Chioma,

Thank you for your perspective on Sara’s case with your dialogue! What do you think are some of the similarities and/or differences of the cognitive and psychodynamic perspectives?

(https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/138321)Chioma Anugwom (https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/138321) Monday

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Psychodynamic mainly focuses on early childhood behavior while cognitive perspective is somewhat well viewed in focus of examining the mental process of what one does based upon what one has thought of doing. Psychodynamic perspective focuses more on unconscious process while

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cognitive perspective focuses more on mental processes.

(https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/129318)Amanda Cafiero (https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/129318) Monday

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Hello Everyone,

 

 

Initial Post Instructions After reviewing the case below, choose two perspectives (neuroscience, humanistic, cognitive, psychodynamic or behavioral) to create a short dialogue between two psychologists discussing Sara’s behavior. Feel free to be creative in your dialogue! Define your two chosen perspectives and briefly discuss the differences of each approach. What was one missing in your dialogue from the case that the other helped to explain?

 

The two perspectives I chose for this discussion is behavioral and cognitive. Behavioral perspective is shown through external emotion and behaviors which is following or copying a person’s actions. Cognitive perspective is mainly based on people’s logical beliefs trying to be realistic about a situation.

 

Behavioral Psychologist: Sara seems to be mimicking her parents and seeing it as a normal thing to be confronted with conflict and negativity.

 

Cognitive Psychologist: It appears due to her recent struggles with her divorce and stresses at work that her tendencies of worry have heightened.

 

Behavioral Psychologist: Yes, her fears and worry have reached a new high and is struggling to cope with the added pressures of everyday life.

 

Cognitive Psychologist: Sara has to come to terms with the fact that she cannot control everything in her life, unexpected things happen and she needs to learn how to cope with that.

 

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Reference:

Feldman, R. S. (2018). Understanding psychology (14th ed.). Retrieved from: https://online.vitalsource.com/#/books/9781260883817/cfi/6/2!/4/2@0:0 (https://online.vitalsource.com/#/books/9781260883817/cfi/6/2!/4/2@0:0)

Stamm, K., Lin, Luona, and Cristidis, P. (2016): Module1. Psychologists At Work: retrieved from https://online.vitalsource.com/#/books/9781260883817/cfi/6/22!/4/406/2@0:45.4 (https://online.vitalsource.com/#/books/9781260883817/cfi/6/22!/4/406/2@0:45.4)

 

(https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/69954)Renee Owens (Instructor) Monday

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Hello Amanda,

Thank you for your dialogue between the behavioral and cognitive psychologists! The behavioral perspective suggests that our behavior is a result from our learning and experience. This perspective focuses on our external behaviors that are observable and measurable (Feldman, 2018). On the other hand, the cognitive perspective suggests that our behavior results from mental processes involved in decision making and problem-solving (Feldman, 2018). This perspective would ask questions like, “How do people think about and understand the world around them?”

Psychology’s Modern Perspectives: PSYCHademia

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References

Feldman, R. S. (2018). Understanding psychology (14th ed.). Dubuque: McGraw-Hill Education.

PSYCHademia. (2016, August 9). Psychology’s modern perspectives. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PcKtNYs0lpQ

(https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/134006)Allyn Raatz (https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/134006) Monday

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Hello professor and class,

The two psychological perspectives I chose for Sara’s case are Psychodynamic and Cognitive.

With the cognitive perspective, we learn how people comprehend and represent the outside world within themselves and how our ways of thinking about the world influence our behavior. (Feldman, 2018 pg. 17)

The psychodynamic perspective argues that behavior is motivated by inner forces and conflicts about which we have little awareness or control. (Feldman, 2018 pg. 16)

Cognitive psychologist: I best think that the worry and anxiety that Sara struggles with stems from thinking too much into things. Allowing herself to get swept away in constant worry.

Psychodynamic psychologist: I believe that Sara’s struggles actually stem from things that she has been suppressing throughout her life that have come out over recent years. Her divorce has caused worry over her financials and children. The anxiety that causes her to always be on edge and irritable has stemmed from the psychodynamic of conflicts going on within.

Cognitive psychologist: I best think she will benefit from Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, which entails stripping away the negative connotations of emotions such as sadness and anxiety. (Dowd, Clen, Arnold 2010)

References

Feldman, R. S. (2018). Understanding psychology (14th ed.). Dubuque: McGraw-Hill Education

Dowd, E. T., Clen, S. L., & Arnold, K. D. (2010). The specialty practice of cognitive and behavioral psychology. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice

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(https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/129113)Mariechelle Tormis (https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/129113) Monday

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Professor Owens and Class,

As an intro for this class, we had to understand the different perspectives of psychology. To put these into practice, we were challenged to address either neuroscience, humanistic, cognitive, psychodynamic, or behavioral perspectives following Sara’s case. I decided to further detail the neuroscience and behavioral psychological perspectives. According to Mr. McNabb (2020), the neuroscience approach explores the correlation between your mental state and brain, along with nerves and hormones (para. 3). It entails your nervous system and genetic makeup which affect your behavior. The behavioral psychologists specify that your external environment depicts your behavior.

Case

Neuroscience Psychologist: It appears that Sara may be experiencing issues with depression and anxiety due to a hormonal imbalance.

Behavioral Psychologist: While this could be true, it was not mentioned of psychological disorders being heredity in her family, but the alignment of her parent’s divorce could be a reflecting image of her situation.

Neuroscience Psychologist: That is very possible, but in addition, the pressure from work could be raising her stress levels and causing her brain to release chemicals resulting in her psychological issues.

Behavioral Psychologist: There could also be a connection between Sara’s past experience with her parent’s divorce being a learned behavior and her lonely memories during the time. As a young girl in middle school, these traumatizing feelings may be contributing to her worries for her children and how they are currently coping with family problems.

References:

Feldman, R. S. (2018). Understanding psychology (14th ed.). Dubuque: McGraw-Hill Education.

5 Major Perspectives in Psychology. (2020). http://mrmcnabb.weebly.com/5-major-perspectives-in- psychology.html

 

(https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/69954)Renee Owens (Instructor) 12:08am

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Edited by Renee Owens (https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/69954) on May 6 at 12:08am

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Hi Mariechelle,

Thank you for your great dialogue between the behavioral and neuroscience psychologists! In this instance, do you think that the behavioral psychologist and the psychodynamic psychologist could be in agreement with some aspects of how they would view Sara’s behavior?

(https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/140201)Kristin DiPasquale (https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/140201) 12:23pm

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Hi Mariechelle,

I appreciate how your discussion added some background information on the different psychologist perspectives you used. I think it is important, especially in a class about psychology, to fully understand the terms and ideas we discuss before we try and discuss them. Psychology is such a detailed and intricate field and the ideas and perspectives used in this course are going to aid us in growing knowledge. I think it was important to note in the behavioral psychologist perspective that not only was heredity not mentioned, but also how behaviors are associated with neurons. This would add to the overall dialogue. Great job with this post.

(https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/134158)Maxwell Agu (https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/134158) Monday

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Hi Everyone

On this very assignment, I choose psychodynamic and neuroscience psychological perspective, because they work together to create a dialogue between the neurosciences and psychoanalysis whereby generating an accurate, large-scale model of the mind. From a neuroscientific standpoint, depression and generalized anxiety disorder Sara was going through were driven by unconscious intention due to as result of specific neuron circuit in her brain that are mainly specialized to produce each behavior. However, psychologist focus will be based on looking through the biological perspective whereby Sara extroverted behavior will be elaborated due to genetic makeup from her parent that will as well have effect on the gene of certain neurotransmitters in her brain triggered by the amount of stress and anxiety Sara was experiencing in her life.

Psychodynamic is such a psychologic perspective that focuses mainly on how the past may have affected individual psychological states and psychologist strongly believe that unconscious mind is what actually

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control most of our cognitive and behavior which according to Freud’s psychoanalytical theory of personality , the unconscious mind is a reserve of feeling , thoughts urges and memories that outside of our conscious awareness (Bargh and Morsella, 2008 ). Psychologist will use these perspective to evaluate Sara’s unconscious mind regards to her early child experience and how her past life may have affected her psychological states, knowing that the psychological effect of divorce Sara encountered during when her parents’ divorced may have contributed her depression , anger, and a generalized anxiety disorder that also made her to even lack concentration at certain time. Psychologically, I believe that Sara’s problem today is as result of an ongoing experience she encountered during her childhood which made her vulnerable to feel out of control of her life.

 

Reference

Bargh, JA & Morsella, E. The unconscious mind. Perspect Psychol Sci.;3(1):73-79. doi: : 10.1111/j.1745- 6916.2008.00064.x

Feldman, R. S. (2018). Understanding psychology (14th ed.). Dubuque: McGraw-Hill Education

(https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/149059)Deanna Santiago (https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/149059) Monday

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After reviewing the case, I chose to focus on the cognitive and behavioral perspectives. Cognitive perspective is the psychological view that focuses on how another thinks, their perception, and problem solving. Behavioral perspective is the focus on behaviors both learned and unlearned.

Cognitive Psychologist: It seems to me that Sara’s anxiety began long ago dealing with her parents divorce and never fully gaining control of her life.

Behavioral Psychologist: Do you think that her divorce is causing a pattern of leftover anxiety/worries and feelings of being lonely just like she felt during her parents divorce.

Cognitive Psychologist: While that can be true, she now has many more things to add to her worries such as her children, home, cat, and job. These added worries, she did not have during her parents divorce.

Behavioral Psychologist: She never dealt with her worries when she was younger, carrying it with her for her whole life, and now cannot handle these extra worries on top of it all so she sees a connection from her parents divorce to her own.

The behavioral psychologist explains the stem of Sara’s worries, anxiety, and depression goes back to her being younger. She had these emotions bottled up since her parents divorce, and her own divorce is bringing these back up again. The cognitive psychologist is focusing on why Sara has these worries now.

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(https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/149582)Regina Ebanks (https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/149582) Monday

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Hey everyone!

 

*There are five major perspectives in psychology. According to Feldman, Robert (2019) the types of perspectives are listed below:

– NEUROSCIENCE ~ views behavior from the perspective of biological functioning.

– COGNITIVE ~ examines how people understand and think about the world.

– BEHAVIORAL ~ focuses on observable behavior.

– HUMANISTIC ~ contends that people can control their behavior and that they try to reach their full potential.

– PSYCHODYNAMIC ~ believes behavior is motivated by inner, unconscious forces over which a person has little control.

 

 

Humanistic psychologist: Hey, thanks for joining me to discuss or mutual patient. It’s quite obvious that Sara is losing control over her life. She just needs to develop a life plan/ goal to regain control in her life.

 

Cognitive psychologist: I concur but I believe we have to focus on why Sara got herself into that depression state of mind first. Why is she always worrying? Why can’t she live in the moment?

 

Humanistic psychologist: She can’t stop worrying because she feels the need to be in control at all times.

 

Cognitive psychologist: You’re right but why does she think she has to be in control all the time? Sara thinks her world is falling apart right now, especially because of her recent divorce which is probably enlightening feelings from her parents’ divorce. I believe Sara needs some time to herself to think about all aspects of her life and reevaluate her situation.

 

The perspectives that I chose are COGNITIVE and HUMANISTIC.

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Reference:

 

Feldman, R. S. (2019). Understanding psychology. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education.

 

 

 

 

I think the humanistic psychologist was missing the “WHY” in the case scenario for Sara.

(https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/129318)Amanda Cafiero (https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/129318) 9:34am

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!

Regina,

I like how you broke down each perspective before you wrote your dialogue. I have never taken a psychology class before so this really helped me understand each perspective easier.

(https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/145729)Amanda Chappell- Walkwitz (https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/145729) Yesterday

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Hello professor and classmates,

I’ve chosen to evaluate Sarah’s situation from a psychodynamic perspective and a Neuroscience perspective. When looking at the situation from a psychodynamic perspective, one needs to understand the way that people internalize things and figure out what unconscious thought is causing the symptoms whereas neurological perspectives would look at the biology behind Sarah’s symptoms. (Feldman, 2019)

Psychodynamic: It seems like Sarah internalized a lot of emotion from her parents divorce when she was younger, perhaps this is why she’s feeling out of control and anxious.

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Neuroscience: Well Sarah is under a lot of stress, stress causes a release of hormones like epinephrine, norepinephrine and cortisol. (Mayo clinic staff, 2019) When these hormones are released they cause a spike in pulse rate, blood pressure and respiration and can really cause extreme exhaustion if one is dealing with this barrage constantly. Medication to inhibit these hormones/neurotransmitters could really be beneficial.

Psychodynamic: While the hormones/neurotransmitters are behind the way her body is responding to stress, fixing the biological issue won’t help Sarah move past what is causing the reaction. Ultimately I feel like Sarah is reliving the feelings of her parents divorce except not only does she feel out of control of her own life, she feels out of control of her children’s lives. She’s ultimately responsible for their emotional well-being right now and likely feels like she’s failing them by repeating the same cycle her parents did.

Neuroscience: You may be right, but in order to bring all of this pain and hurt to the surface to work through it, medication would likely be beneficial. She has lots of emotions to work through along with discovering a new normal for her family. Mediating some of the biological responses to stress in the meantime would decrease the potential for a larger interruption in her life and really help her examine things through a more objective standpoint.

Personally, I feel it’s beneficial to consider medication when working through serious emotional trauma in therapy. Not only will it make trudging through life a little easier, it helps people look at things without as much emotional interference and makes things a little easier to work through. A person doesn’t necessarily need to be medicated for life, especially if they don’t have a biological imbalance, but for a short time while they process things in therapy can helpful.

References:

Feldman, R. (2019). Understanding psychology (14th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill education. Mayo clinic staff. (2019, March 19). Chronic stress puts your health at risk. Retrieved May 5, 2020, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/stress-management/in-depth/stress/art-20046037

(https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/129113)Mariechelle Tormis (https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/129113) Yesterday

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!

Amanda,

I applaud you for the amount of detail and effort you put into your discussion post. This past session, I completed the Anatomy and Physiology II course. We covered the Endocrine system and the hormones within it. With the neuroscience perspective being involved with biological factors, I like how you mentioned the exact hormones that release from the brain that could be involved with Sara’s troubles. The dialogue between your psychodynamic and neuroscience physiologists are very much on point. Wonderful job on your first initial post this week!

– Shelley Tormis

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(https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/69954)Renee Owens (Instructor) Yesterday

!

*Please respond to initial discussion questions first, before answering the following*

Introspection

Wilhelm Wundt founded the first formal psychology laboratory in Leipzig, Germany, in 1879, the date now considered to be the beginning of the science of psychology. A physician and physiologist, Wundt conducted experiments intended to identify the basic nature of human consciousness and experience. His main focus of research was on the senses of vision, touch, and the passage of time; other topics studied in his laboratory included attention, emotion, and memory.

The approach associated with Wundt is structuralism, which seeks to describe the basic building blocks or “structure” of consciousness. The main technique used by Wundt and his colleagues was introspection or “inner sense.” In this method, trained subjects are given a stimulus. They then are asked to describe the sensations that made up their conscious experience of that stimulus. In Wundt’s laboratory, you might be asked to reflect on your experience of this stimulus for several minutes or even several hours!

*Excerpt from Feldman (2018)*

Now you can try introspection yourself. Look at the stimulus below:

What is your experience of this apple? How would you describe the sensations of each of the parts of the apple—its colors, its roundness, its shading?

What are some of the criticisms of introspection?

 

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References

Feldman, R. S. (2018). Understanding psychology (14th ed.). Dubuque: McGraw-Hill Education.

(https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/145729)Amanda Chappell- Walkwitz (https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/145729) 12:56pm

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!

Hello Dr. Owens,

My experience of this apple are that it is fulfilling, juicy, smooth, enticing, cool, and refreshing. I feel that the apple represents prolonged life, prosperity and even fertility slightly? I feel like maybe it’s voluptuous shape and appearance in spring would represent new life to me.

One of the criticisms of introspection is the fact that we can’t get past our inherent biases. (2016) Even when we are aware of some biases, many are undetected in the subconscious mind. Everyone has different biases, so this makes introspection a very subjective experience and results in unreliable inferences.

Reference:

The Failures of Introspection. (2016, July 27). Retrieved May 6, 2020, from http://livingmeanings.com/failures-introspection-stumbling-block-self-knowledge/

(https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/141373)Ganna Shvets (https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/141373) Yesterday

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Hello, professor Owens and classmates,

I decided to go with the neuroscience and psychodynamic perspectives for my post this week. The neuroscience perspective considers how our biological content influences our behavior. It examines the influence of our nerve cells and our inheritance of certain characteristics from our parents. It includes heredity, evolution, as well as behavioral neuroscience (Feldman, 2018, p. 15). The psychodynamic perspective, originated by Sigmund Freud, is a beginning and the end of psychology (Feldman, 2018, p. 16). This perspective views unconscious factors to be the determinants of a person’s behavior. The two perspectives are similar in their position on the key psychological issues (Feldman, 2018, p. 20).

The dialogue between psychodynamic and neuroscience psychologists:

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Psychodynamic psychologist: Sara is most likely influenced by her unconscious behaviors that now manifest in her present behaviors.

Neuroscience psychologist: You are correct! I believe there are deeper issues than meets the eye. I would love to look into the cellular level of the problem and see if we can find answers there.

Psychodynamic psychologist: Sara had family problems during her middle school, and through high school years, her parents eventually got divorced. I do believe such a lengthy chain of adverse family events had its influence on her sense of self. It seems those events left a lasting footprint and perhaps the past situation with her parents she could not escape from influences her perception of her present.

Neuroscience psychologist: Agreed! Due to the brain’s neuroplasticity, Sara may have formed neural pathways that promoted her unhealthy behaviors and reactions, which escalated into depression and anxiety.

Psychodynamic psychologist: With the help of a supportive therapist, Sara may be able to explore oneself and raise her self-awareness, which in turn would allow her to understand the influences of her past on her present behavior. She would have benefited from therapy sessions during her adolescent years. However, it is never too late, Sara needs to create a better relationship with oneself, which would allow her to find her place again at work and with her family and friends (Lovgren, et al., 2019).

Neuroscience psychologist: Absolutely! She needs to clarify her understanding of her emotions. Investing in her brain health through diet, exercise, as well as supplements has proven to be beneficial in similar situations. Those simple yet effective ways can help her a whole lot, serotonin, for example, can help in mitigating depression. We could examine her brain processes through brain imaging. Also, meditation can be another helpful resource for Sara.

References

Feldman, R. S. (2018). Understanding psychology (14th ed.). Dubuque: McGraw-Hill Education.

Lovgren, A., Rossberg, J.I., Nilsen, L., Engebretsen, E., Ulberg, R. (2019). How do adolescents with depression experience improvement in psychodynamic psychotherapy? A qualitative study. BMC Psychiatry, 19(1), 95. doi: 10.1186/s12888-019-2080-0

 

(https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/140201)Kristin DiPasquale (https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/140201) Yesterday

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Hello class,

As our lesson and textbook readings this week explain, psychology is a field of study where different viewpoints and approaches are explored and appreciated. It is a field of study were different viewpoints and processes are used in conjunction with one another to fully understand behavioral and mental processes.

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Neuroscience, humanistic, cognitive, psychodynamic, and behavioral perspectives are some examples of different psychological perspectives. According to the text, neuroscience “views behavior from the perspective of biological functioning”, behavioral “focuses on observable behavior”, cognitive “examines how people understand and think about the world”, humanistic “contends that people can control their behavior and that they naturally try to reach their full potential, and psychodynamic “believes behavior is motivated by inner unconscious forces over which a person has little control”(Feldman, 2018, p.3).

For this discussion I have chosen to elaborate on the two psychological perspectives of neuroscience and humanistic. These two approaches differ from one another in that a neuroscience perspective specifically breaks down the human body in how they function biologically to explain a certain behavior. Humanistic perspectives largely reject that human behavior is based off biology alone and it argues that humans are in complete control of their lives. Interestingly enough, humanistic approaches to psychology are often used in education and teaching styles as it is an approach most likely to engage students and encourage academic growth (Javadi & Tahmasbi, 2020). Based off these specific differences in approach I have created the following dialogue:

Neuroscience psychologist: What Sarah is feeling like she is going through is due to her inherit biological human components. Her behaviors are a result of what she is biologically made of.

Humanistic psychologist: While biological factors do play a role in Sarah’s behaviors and feelings, she is acting on more then just biologically components. Sarah is naturally programmed to want to succeed so when she is feeling as though she is failing it impacts her negatively.

Neuroscience psychologist: But at her core she is hereditary impacted by her parents and if they were unable to work out their problems in a healthy way, Sarah may not be able to as well.

Humanistic psychologist: If Sara is struggling to cope with her problems and she feels on edge and is irritable, this is not merely genetics but an attribute of trying to change things that are out of her control.

References

Feldman, R. S. (2018). Understanding psychology (14th ed.). Dubuque: McGraw-Hill Education.

Javadi, Y., & Tahmasbi, M. (2020). Application of humanism teaching theory and humanistic approach to education in course-books. Theory & Practice in Language Studies. Vol. 10 Issue 1, p. 40-48.

(https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/131498)Holly Wolf (https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/131498) Yesterday

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Hello all!

This week I chose cognitive and behavioral

According to Feldman, Robert cognitive people ~ examine how people understand and think about the

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world. Whereas behavioral ~ focuses on observable behavior

Cognitive: “Sara seems to be displaying these behaviors as a way of letting what others think about her get to her.”

Behavioral: ” Perhaps she is acting this way due to what she saw growing up and is now repeating what she experienced in the past?”

Cognitive: ” I believe the divorce is affecting her emotionally and her boss is causing extra stress.”

 

Reference

Feldman, R. S. (2018). Understanding psychology (14th ed.). Retrieved from: https://online.vitalsource.com/#/books/9781260883817/cfi/6/2!/4/2@0:0 (https://online.vitalsource.com/#/books/9781260883817/cfi/6/2!/4/2@0:0)

(https://online.vitalsource.com/#/books/9781260883817/cfi/6/22!/4/406/2@0:45.4)

 

(https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/69954)Renee Owens (Instructor) 12:04am

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Hi Holly,

Thank you for the dialogue between the cognitive and behavioral psychologists! What might the cognitive perspective be able to explain about Sara’s behavior that the behavioral perspective might not be able to as well or vice versa?

(https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/135846)Sukhleen Dhillon (https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/135846) 12:33am

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The five perspectives (neuroscience, cognitive, behavioral, humanistic, psychodynamic) emphasize the different aspects of behavioral and mental processes, and each takes our understanding of behavior in a somewhat different direction (Feldman, 2018 pp. 16).

The neuroscience perspective implies the methodology that sees conduct from the viewpoint of the mind, the sensory system, and other natural capacities.

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The behavioral perspective is based on the point of view that centers around learned practices.

The psychodynamic perspective is a way to deal with brain science that reviews the mental powers fundamental human conduct, sentiments, and feelings, and how they may identify with youth experience.

The cognitive perspective focuses on how people think, understand, and know about the world (Feldman, 2018 pp. 17). It looks at inside mental procedures, for example, critical thinking, memory, and language.

The humanistic perspective is a comprehensive way to deal with human presence through examinations of ideas, for example, which means, values, opportunity, disaster, moral duty, human potential, otherworldliness, and self-completion.

After viewing the case above, I chose the psychodynamic and cognitive perspective to work with.

Psychodynamic Psychologist: Sara may be experiencing those difficulties because of the occasions throughout her life while growing up and her separation has caused stress over her financials and children.

Cognitive Psychologist: This might be true but the cause of her current situation could also be work pressure and trying to balance between home and work life.

Psychodynamic Psychologist: I agree! But I think that because she has been combating these feelings and keeping away from upsetting conditions for an extensive stretch of time which could have had an unfavorable overpowering impact on her mental perspective which explains her difficulty concentration, depression, tension, and worrying behavior.

Cognitive Psychologist: That makes more sense. But despite all this, she does need to learn how to cope with all these situations so that she can gain control over her life and her surroundings.

~Leen

Lumen Learning. (n.d.). Psychological Perspectives | Introduction to Psychology. Retrieved May 5, 2020, from https://courses.lumenlearning.com/intropsychmaster/chapter/psychological-perspectives/

Feldman, R. S. (2018). Understanding psychology (14th ed.). Dubuque: McGraw-Hill Education.

 

 

I think the psychodynamic psychologist was lacking to consider the effects of her present environment on her situation.

(https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/118078)Anakari Martinez (https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/118078) 12:53am

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Hello Professor and class,

After reading the case I decided to chose cognitive and behavioral perspective. Cognitive perspective focuses on how people think, understand, and know about the world (Feldman, 2019). Behavioral perspective focuses on how behaviors are learned and reinforced (Cherry, 2019).

Cognitive Psychologist: Sara’s understanding of the world seems to be affected by how she worries just about everything and feels as if she is in a vicious cycle she cannot escape. This view of the world might have caused her to develop Depression and Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Not to mention, her going through a recent divorce could play a major role in developing depression.

Behavioral Psychologist: Yes, Dr. Martinez, Sara’s understanding of the world can be a contributing factor to how she reacts to things. For example, she is not able to concentrate at work and is also finding it difficult to be able to perform at her best. Because she worries just about everything, this can cause her to not be able to perform at her best or concentrate at work.

Cognitive Psychologist: Excuse me Dr. Trujillo, I must agree with you and because she has other things to worry about, for example her children, money, friends, her cat, and work, this is causing her to have Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Depression and Generalized Anxiety Disorder can co-occur, meaning they can occur together or simultaneously, (Hurley 2018) thus these two diagnoses can have a major impact in her life.

Behavioral Psychologist: Yes Dr. Martinez, I do agree with you, I also wanted to share with you that because she often heard her parents argued and would hear them talk about a divorce when she was in middle school and her parents finally divorced when she was in high school, this could be a contributing factor to her getting a divorced. She might feel as if she needed to go through the same thing just as her parents did. This is because she heard them have this same conversation growing up.

Both, Dr. Martinez and Dr. Trujillo have concluded for Sara to start Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, this type of therapy focuses on taking specific steps to manage and reduce symptoms (Hurley, 2018). They have also decided for Sara to start Problem solving therapy to help her learn tools to effectively manage the negative effects of stressful life events (Hurley, 2018), for example her divorce.

Thank you

Reference

Cherry, K. (2019, November 27). Perspectives in Modern Psychology. Verywellmind. Retrieved from

https://www.verywellmind.com/perspectives-in-modern-psychology-2795595 (https://www.verywellmind.com/perspectives-in-modern-psychology-2795595)

Feldman, R. (2019). Understanding Psychology. (14 edition). New York, NY. McGraw-Hill Education.

Hurley, K. (2018, February 13). Depression and Anxiety. PSYCOM. Retrieved from

https://www.psycom.net/depression.central.anxiety.html (https://www.psycom.net/depression.central.anxiety.html)

th

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(https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/136348)Krista Tad-Y (https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/63025/users/136348) 11:46am

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hello Professor O and Class,

 

In this Case Analysis, I chose a combination of Cognitive and Behavioral Therapy. As defined by Martin (2019) Cognitive behavioral therapy was invented by a psychiatrist, Aaron Beck, in the 1960s. He was doing psychoanalysis at the time and observed that during his analytical sessions, his patients tended to have an internal dialogue going on in their minds — almost as if they were talking to themselves. But they would only report a fraction of this kind of thinking to him.

I believe this is the most beneficial treatment for Sara since she was exposed to stress since childhood. In addition, CBT focuses on present circumstance and emotions in real time, as opposed to childhood (http://www.psychologytoday.com/ca/basics/child-development) events. A clinician who practices CBT will likely as about family history to get a better sense of the entire person. (https://psychcentral.com/lib/in-depth- cognitive-behavioral-therapy/) Adding behavioral therapy for the case of Sara, it is believed to has successfully been used to treat a large number of conditions. It’s considered to be extremely effective in treating general stress and anxiety.

 

 

Psychologist 1: (knocks on the door) (opens the door) Hello, Dr. Bieber! Are you busy?

 

Psychologist 2: Hi, Dr. Gomez. Come in! Not quite. I just finished a session with my patient. Can I help you?

 

P1: Yes. I would like to ask for recommendations regarding Sara’s Case. Since she was also your patient before you went on leave.

 

P2: Oh! Right. I remember her. I’m glad you attended to her treatment while I was away. How is she?

 

P1: I saw your diagnosis and notes. I would agree on the Depression and Generalized Anxiety Disorder. She sought counseling on our first day. I found that she has a tendency to worry excessively about her children, money, friends, cat, and just about everything else where other people might not find a reason to worry. She is quite a worrier.

 

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P2: It sounds like it. But, before that she mentioned her work performance which I wrote. She expounded that at work, she has trouble concentrating and is finding it difficult to perform at her best. This could be an anxiety and stress symptom.

 

P1: Indeed. She mentioned she is often on edge, tense, exhausted and is very irritable, which has impacted her everyday life. I notice she was sometimes biting her nails while she was talking to me. She keeps gripping her hands and cannot sit still.

 

P2: Those are signs and symptoms of tense.

 

P1: For her treatment, I am planning to give her the Cognitive therapy. This acts to help the person understand that this is what’s going on. It will help her to step outside her automatic thoughts and test them out. (Martin, 2019)

 

P2: That is perfect for her case. But, you can add Behavioral Therapy, also. Combine the two as she is anxious and depressed.

 

P1: (takes notes) Oh, Definitely. She also opened up about her childhood experience regarding her parents’ arguments and her loneliness when they divorced. Which could be an indication of her depression as well now that she is in the same situation.

 

P2: Good thing she told you that. I guess that’s what I missed after I endorsed her to you.

 

P1: Yeah. We can use Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) a short-term, goal-oriented psychotherapy treatment that takes a hands-on, practical approach to problem-solving. Its goal is to change patterns of thinking or behavior that are behind people’s difficulties, and so change the way they feel. It is used to help treat a wide range of issues in a person’s life, from sleeping difficulties or relationship problems, to drug and alcohol abuse or anxiety (https://psychcentral.com/anxiety/) and depression (https://psychcentral.com/depression/) . (Martin, 2019)

 

P2: Okay. You can note that. Now, what would be the expected results after her treatment?

 

P1: After her treatment, we are expecting an optimistic, stronger and motivated version of Sara. CBT works by changing people’s attitudes and their behavior by focusing on the thoughts, images, beliefs and attitudes that are held (a person’s cognitive processes) and how these processes relate to the way a person behaves,

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as a way of dealing with emotional problems. (https://psychcentral.com/lib/in-depth-cognitive-behavioral- therapy/)

 

P2: Great! I’m looking forward to that.

 

P1: Thank you for your insights, Dr. Bieber. It’s an honor to be guided by a well-experienced Psychologist given I’m still a newbie.

 

P2: You’re welcome. I can see my protégé and a bright future ahead of you when I retire.

(shakes hands)

 

 

Reference:

Martin, B. (2019, June 19). In-Depth: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. Retrieved May 6, 2020, from https://psychcentral.com/lib/in-depth-cognitive-behavioral-therapy/

 

 

Stay Safe!

5/6/20, 1:55 PM Page 24 of 24

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Statistics in Psychologist

/in /by

1. A method for testing a claim or hypothesis about a parameter in a population, using data measured in a sample, is called

random sampling

level of significance

hypothesis testing

guessing

 

2. The one-sample z test is a hypothesis test used to test hypotheses

concerning a single population with a known variance

concerning at least one population

concerning the variance in a population

all of the above

 

3. Given the following values: μ = 6.0, M = 7.6, n = 36, σ = 6, conduct a one-sample z test at a 0.05 level of significance. For a one-tailed test, upper-tail critical, what is the decision?

to reject the null hypothesis

to retain the null hypothesis

There is not enough information since the sample size is not given.

 

4. ________ allows researchers to describe (1) how far mean scores have shifted in the population, or (2) the percentage of variance that can be explained by a given variable.

significance

probability

power

effect size

 

5. The ________ is an inferential statistic used to determine the number of standard deviations in a t distribution that a sample means deviates from the mean value or mean difference stated in the null hypothesis.

t distribution

t statistic

standard error

degrees of freedom

 

6. State the critical value(s) for the following two-tailed t test at a 0.05 level of significance: t(∞).

±1.645

±1.96

the same as for a two-tailed z test at a 0.05 level of significance

both ±1.96 and the same as for a two-tailed z test at a 0.05 level of significance

 

7. A researcher reports that the mean time it takes to complete an experimental task is 1.4 ± 8.0 (M ± SD) seconds. If the null hypothesis was that the mean equals 1.0, then what is the effect size for this test using estimated Cohen’s d?

d = 0.05; small effect size

d = 0.50; medium effect size

d = 1.05; large effect size

There is not enough information to answer this question.

 

8. Computing a two-independent sample t test is appropriate when

different participants are assigned to each group

the population variance is unknown

participants are observed one time

all of the above

 

9. A researcher has participants rate the likability of a sexually promiscuous person described in a vignette as being male (n = 20) or female (n = 12). The mean likability ratings in each group were 4.0. If the null hypothesis is that there is no difference in likability ratings, then do likability ratings differ at a 0.05 level of significance?

Yes, this result is significant, p < 0.05.

No, this result is not significant, t(30) = 0.

No, this result is not significant, t(30) = 1.00.

There is not enough information to answer this question, because the variance in each sample is not given.

10. A type of related samples design in which participants are observed more than once is called a

repeated measures design

matched pairs design

matched samples design

both matched pairs design and matched samples design

 

11. A researcher records the level of attention among 18 students during an interactive and lecture portion of a single class. If she computes a related samples t test at a 0.05 level of significance (two-tailed test), then what is the critical value for this test?

±1.734

±1.740

±2.110

±2.101

 

12. A researcher computes the mean difference in locomotion in a sample of 12 rats before and 30 minutes after an injection of amphetamine. Rats were placed in a box with infrared beams. The number of times rats crossed the beams was used as a measure of locomotion. The mean difference in locomotion was 6.2 ± 8.4 (MD ± SD), and this difference was significant. What is the effect size for this result using estimated Cohen’s d?

d = 0.74 (medium effect)

d = 1.36 (medium effect)

d = 0.74 (large effect)

d = 1.36 (large effect)

 

13. A researcher reports with 90% confidence that 31% to 37% of Americans believe in ghosts. What is the point estimate for this interval?

31%

34%

37%

31% to 37%

 

14. In a sample of 20 participants, a researcher estimates the 95% CI for a sample with a mean of M = 5.4 and an estimated standard error (SM) of 1.6. What is the upper confidence limit for this interval?

2.1

3.8

7.0

8.8

 

15. There is no difference between a point estimate and an interval estimate.

True

False

 

16. Using a between-subjects ANOVA design,

n · k participants are each observed one time

n participants are observed k times

data are not analyzed between groups

the same participants are observed in each group

 

17. A researcher measures attractiveness ratings of a male confederate among 30 women who were told the confederate was either single, dating, or married (n = 10 per group). What are the degrees of freedom for error for the one-way between-subjects ANOVA?

2

3

27

28

 

18. A researcher measures differences in romantic feelings among adolescent and adult males. If different participants were in each group, then what type of statistical design is appropriate for this study?

a two-independent sample t test

a one-way between-subjects ANOVA

a two-way between-subjects ANOVA

both a two-independent sample t test and a one-way between-subjects ANOVA

 

19. Which of the following post hoc tests is associated with the greatest power to detect an effect?

Schaffé test

Tukey’s HSD test

Bonferroni test

Fisher’s LSD test

 

20. A researcher computes a one-way within-subjects ANOVA in which k = 4 and n = 20.

What are the degrees of freedom error for this test?

57

79

80

There is not enough information to answer this question.

 

21. A researcher computes the following one-way within-subjects ANOVA table for a study in which k = 3 and n = 12.

 

State the decision at a 0.05 level of significance.

Source of Variation SS df MS Fobt
Between groups 450      
Between persons     20  
Within groups (error)        
Total 1030      

 

Reject the null hypothesis.

Retain the null hypothesis.

There is not enough information to answer this question.

 

22. There are ____ factors in a 2 × 3 ANOVA design.

2

3

5

6

 

23. A researcher conducts a 2 × 4 between-subjects ANOVA in which 12 participants were observed in each group. If SSB = 18 and SSE = 264 for this study, then what is the decision for Factor B at a 0.05 level of significance?

Reject the null hypothesis.

Retain the null hypothesis.

There is not enough information to answer this question.

 

24. A statistical procedure used to describe the strength and direction of the linear relationship between two factors is called

effect size

power

a correlation

coincidence

 

25. A researcher measures the following correlation: r = −0.21. What is the value of the coefficient of determination?

0.04

−0.04

0.42

−0.42

 

26. A researcher measures the correlation between the frequency of self-esteem (high, low) and health status (lean/healthy, overweight/obese). Based on the frequencies for each nominal category given below, what is the value of the phi correlation coefficient?

 

    Health Status  
    Overweight/Obese Lean/Healthy  
Self-Esteem Low 32 18  
  High 18 32  

 

 

0.08

0.28

0.52

0.56

27. Linear regression describes the extent to which _______ predicts ________.

X; Y

the predictor variable; the criterion variable

the known variable; the to-be-predicted variable

all of the above

 

28. A researcher reports the following equation for a best-fitting straight line to a set of data points: Y hat= −1.01X + 3.24.Which value is the y-intercept?

Y hat

X

ñ1.01

3.24

 

29. If the coefficient of determination is 0.12 and SSY = 225, then what is the sum of squares regression for an analysis of regression?

27

198

225

There is not enough information to answer this question.

 

30. A chi-square goodness-of-fit test shows that the frequencies observed fit well with those that were expected. Hence, the decision was to

reject the null hypothesis

retain the null hypothesis

no decision was made

 

31. A researcher asks participants to taste each of three meals and to choose the one they like best. The same foods are in each meal, however the calorie total of each meal is different. One is low in calories, one is moderate in calories and one is high in calories. Based on the observed frequencies given below, what is an appropriate conclusion for this test at a .05 level of significance?

 

  Type of Meal
  Low Calorie Moderate Calorie High Calorie
fo 6 7 17
fe 10 10 10

 

 

Participants liked the high calorie meal more than the low calorie meal.

Participants liked the low calorie meal less than the moderate calorie meal.

Participants liked the high calorie meal more than was expected.

all of the above

 

32. Each of the following is an appropriate test for ordinal data, except

the Mann-Whitney U test

the chi-square goodness-of-fit test

the one-sample sign test

the Friedman test

 

33. A professor ranks the grades of students in each of three sections of a statistics course. He computes H = 6.83 for the Kruskal-Wallis H test to test for differences between the sections. What is the decision for this test?

Retain the null hypothesis.

Reject the null hypothesis.

There is not enough information to answer this question.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Week 7 Exam

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Week 7 Exam

QUESTION 1

1. A researcher is conducting research on using technology in teaching. The researcher has two groups. The first group receives instruction via a PowerPoint presentation that is online. The second group attends a class and receives instruction from a teacher face to face. The researcher classifies the students based on when they volunteer for the study. The first 50 students who volunteer receive online instruction. The next 50 receive instruction by attending a class with a teacher. With respect to this study, we could identify that:

  a. This study is poor because the researcher used random sampling.
  b. This study is poor because the researcher did not use random sampling.
  c. This study is good because we have minimized sampling error.
  d. This study is good due to the equal sample size in each group.

2 points   

QUESTION 2

1. Participants in a sample must be:

  a. Representative
  b. Easily obtained
  c. Convenient
  d. Numerous

2 points   

QUESTION 3

1. The method identifying themes relevant to qualitative data that is collected is called:

  a. Criticism
  b. Trustworthiness
  c. Theory
  d. Coding

2 points   

QUESTION 4

1. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a statistical hypothesis?

  a. Contains an alternative hypothesis
  b. Provides evidence
  c. Proves the research question
  d. Contains a null hypothesis

2 points   

QUESTION 5

1. A colleague has been tutoring six students in 11th grade to prepare for the ACT. This colleague has asked you to evaluate the performance of his students. Student scores were as follows: 20, 18, 16, 15, 23, 20. The mode of the ACT scores is:

  a. 17
  b. 20
  c. 19
  d. 18

2 points   

QUESTION 6

1. A perfect correlation is denoted by:

  a. +1.0 and -1.0
  b. -1.00
  c. +1.00
  d. .50

2 points   

QUESTION 7

1. You are conducting research on the effects of exercise on individuals with poor social skills. You indicate that you believe people who become actively involved with an exercise program will show higher levels of socialization. This is an example of:

  a. A null hypothesis
  b. A scientific hypothesis
  c. A nonparametric hypothesis
  d. An alternative hypothesis

2 points   

QUESTION 8

1. Which of the following is a research design that allows researchers to provide more information about the participants and potentially provide a more meaningful study?

  a. Mixed Method
  b. Quantitative Method
  c. Qualitative Method
  d. Single-Subject Method

2 points   

QUESTION 9

1. Which of the following is not a way of collecting qualitative data?

  a. Observation
  b. Interview
  c. Survey
  d. All may be used to collect qualitative data

2 points   

QUESTION 10

1. In a normal distribution, what percentage of the scores is above the mean?

  a. 95%
  b. 99%
  c. 68%
  d. 50%

2 points   

QUESTION 11

1. A researcher is doing a study on high school athletes and moral development. During the study, the football team throws a party to celebrate a great victory. The school principal receives a call the next day that several football players were intoxicated, and a female student was sexually assaulted. This event should be identified as a:

  a. Standardized variable
  b. Independent variable
  c. Dependent variable
  d. Confounding variable

2 points   

QUESTION 12

1. An example of a research approach that assesses change after the treatment or intervention is over is:

  a. A-B-A Design
  b. Phenomenology
  c. Experimental Design
  d. Correlational Design

2 points   

QUESTION 13

1. Dr. Sunshine has 12 students in her class. She has given a test and is evaluating the performance of her class. The exam is worth 50 points. Eleven of the students scored between 45 and 50. One student scored 12. The best measure for Dr. Sunshine to get an idea related to the performance of the class is the:

  a. Mean
  b. Mode
  c. Median
  d. Variance

2 points   

QUESTION 14

1. A researcher is conducting research on using technology in teaching. The researcher has two groups. The first group receives instruction via a PowerPoint presentation that is online. The second group attends a class and receives instruction from a teacher face to face. The researcher classifies the students based on when they volunteer for the study. The first 50 students who volunteer receive online instruction. The next 50 receive instruction by attending a class with a teacher. The type of instruction the student receives is the:

  a. Dependent variable
  b. Confounding variable
  c. Standardized variable
  d. Independent variable

2 points   

QUESTION 15

1. A quantitative research design that does not manipulate an independent variable is called:

  a. Experimental Design
  b. Ethnography
  c. Grounded Theory
  d. Correlational Design

2 points   

QUESTION 16

1. Scores that differ markedly from the rest of the sample are known as:

  a. Z-scores
  b. Confounding variables
  c. T-scores
  d. Outliers

2 points   

QUESTION 17

1. Hypothesis testing may be defined as:

  a. Direct observations of a phenomena
  b. Subjective
  c. Systematic and logical collection and analysis of data
  d. Moving from specific to general

2 points   

QUESTION 18

1. When a researcher wishes to know how a set of participants changed over time or across repeated measures of a construct, the method that is conducted is:

  a. Single-Case Research Design
  b. Qualitative Design
  c. Quantitative Design
  d. Mixed Method Design

2 points   

QUESTION 19

1. Sex and ethnicity are examples of:

  a. Social variables
  b. Scientific variables
  c. Discrete variables
  d. Continuous variables

2 points   

QUESTION 20

1. Studies conducted to understand changes over time, in particular, populations or differences in respondents who share specific qualities are:

  a. Cohort studies
  b. Panel studies
  c. Survey and longitudinal studies
  d. Trend studies

2 points   

QUESTION 21

1. A study that moves from general to specific is:

  a. Inductive
  b. Deductive
  c. Historical
  d. Qualitative

2 points   

QUESTION 22

1. The goal of qualitative research is:

  a. None of the above
  b. The collection of statistically reliable data
  c. Generalizations to a group
  d. Transferability

2 points   

QUESTION 23

1. A colleague has been tutoring six students in 11th grade to prepare for the ACT. This colleague has asked you to evaluate the performance of his students. Student scores were as follows: 20, 18, 16, 15, 23, 20. The mean of the ACT scores is:

  a. 20
  b. 19
  c. 18
  d. 17

2 points   

QUESTION 24

1. ______________ assesses the consistency of results across items within a test.

  a. Face validity
  b. Experimental design
  c. Internal reliability
  d. ANOVA

2 points   

QUESTION 25

1. Qualitative research is most often:

  a. Irrelevant
  b. Opinionated
  c. Inductive
  d. Deductive

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Stimulus Questions

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COUC 515

Stimulus Questions Assignment Instructions

Overview

Each student will write answers to the Stimulus Questions located at the end of Chapters 2 (Research Training- Joys and Challenges) and Chapter 6 (Choosing Research Designs- Balancing Ideals and Realities). These questions are designed to assist you in conceptualizing your proposal, to evaluate your own personal perspectives of research, and to assist in understanding common methodologies used in counseling-related research.

Instructions

Please follow the below guidelines in completing your Stimulus Questions Assignment. Please be sure to provide concise answers to each question in hopes to catalyze important areas to consider for your research proposal. You can refer to the modules to see when each chapter’s questions are due.

· This assignment should not be lengthy but rather have concise reflections.

· You may submit your stimulus questions in outline format

· Please note that you must have an APA title page in current edition format.

· Include references (in current APA format) at the end of your document, if you have them.

· You may use references other than the required textbook (not required). Acceptable sources include peer-reviewed, professional journals.

· You may write in the first person for questions that are asking for personal reflection.

 

Note: Your assignment will be checked for originality via the Turnitin plagiarism tool

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Psychology

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Assignment:

Movie Analysis

This week your signature assignment takes you to the movies. For this assignment you will watch one of the movies listed below. Then you will write an analysis paper drawing on everything that you have learned in the course. You will analyze the movie and complete a cohesive and comprehensive paper responding to the prompts below. Ensure the paper is organized in a way that shows each of the prompts are addressed.

  1. Identify the movie by title and year. Provide a 2-3 sentence overview of the movie plot. Identify the main characters and provide a 1-sentence description for each.
  2. Extrapolate from the movie the individuals that are influenced by the study of or practice of psychology, provide an explanation for the disciplines or sub-disciplines that are involved in the movie. Utilize appropriate vocabulary and terminology in the extrapolation.
  3. Identify the psychological disorder of the character(s) in the movie. Does the diagnosis explained in the movie align to the DSM? Once a diagnosis is made, does the label attached impact the character personally? Professionally? Socially?
  4. Explain the main theoretical approach, strategies, and practices that are used in the study of psychology in the movie. Provide a background explaining the strategies, historical and modern practices, and historical scientists related to the identified discipline or subdiscipline of psychology. Utilize appropriate vocabulary and terminology in the explanation.
  5. Considering the brain and lifespan development, how do the characters in the movie portray cognitive, social, and moral development?
  6. Associate the movie characters, plot, and setting with seminal investigations and major findings in psychology. Explain the seminal investigation and the major psychological finding referred to and explain whether or not it is accurately portrayed in the movie. Explain the points that make it either accurate or inaccurate.
  7. What are the stereotypes presented in the movie? How are they related to the study of psychology? Are there examples throughout the movie of gender roles? How are sensations and perceptions shown in the movie?
  8. Evaluate the role of learning and memory in the movie. How does the movie relate to and demonstrate classical conditioning, operant conditioning, or observational learning? Is there an impact on memory construction or retention in the movie? If yes, how is it portrayed? How is it (or is it not) accurate with what you have learned about what triggers memory construction, retrieval and memory loss?
  9. Where within the movie, and how, are thinking, language, and intelligence explained and portrayed?
  10. Evaluate how gestures ad expressions of emotion are portrayed in the movie. Analyze their relation to the experiences and culture of the characters.
  11. What motivates the main character(s) throughout the movie? How does this relate to learning regarding motivation, emotion, stress, health and human flourishing?
  12. If the character in the movie receives treatment explain the treatment? Explain how the treatment does or does not align with a typical treatment for this disorder.
  13. Finally, conclude your paper with a review of how the movie portrayed the disorder. Apply course learning to explain why it was or was not a realistic portrayal of the disorder. Include in the conclusion your personal reaction to the movie and how mental illness was portrayed.

Movie Options

  • A Beautiful Mind (Psychosis)
  • As Good as It Gets (Anxiety Disorder)
  • Benny and Joon (Psychosis)
  • Black Swan (Variety of Disorders)
  • Call me Crazy: A Five Film (Schizophrenia)
  • Clean and Sober (Substance Related Disorder)
  • The Deer Hunter (Stress Disorder)
  • The Fisher King (Variety of Disorders)
  • Gia (Substance Related / Mood Disorder)
  • Girl Interrupted (Variety of Disorders)
  • High Anxiety (Acrophobia Disorder)
  • Infinitely Polar Bear (Bipolar disorder)
  • I Smile Back (Variety of Disorders)
  • It’s Kind of a Funny Story (Depression and Suicidal ideation)
  • Matchstick Man (Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder)
  • Off the Map (Mood Disorder)
  • One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest (Variety of Disorders)
  • Ordinary People (Mood Disorder)
  • Pawn Sacrifice (Paranoid Delusions)
  • Rachel at the Wedding (Substance Related Disorders)
  • Silver Linings Playbook (Bipolar Disorder)
  • Sybil (Stress Disorder)
  • The Skeleton Twins (Depression)
  • Three Faces of Eve (Stress Disorder)
  • Transamerica (Gender Identity Disorder)
  • Twenty-eight Days w/ Sandra Bullock (Substance Related Disorders)
  • Welcome to Me (Bipolar Personality Disorder)
  • What about Bob? (Anxiety Disorder)
  • What’s Eating Gilbert Grape (Depression/Autism Spectrum Disorder)

Assignment Expectations:

Length: 1500-2000 words; answers must thoroughly respond to the writing prompts in a clear, concise manner. All responses should be supported with an in-text citation and reference.

Structure: Include a title page and reference page in APA format. These do not count towards the minimal word course for the assignment.

References: Use the appropriate APA style for formatting the essay. All in-text citations and references should be in APA format.  Include at least (5) different scholarly citations to support your responses, in addition to the textbook. (scholarly citations do not include blogs and student help websites).

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