psychology ( child development)

The journal writing is based on the readings of the chapter , reading chapters for this week are (chapter 7 and 8 book is attached). You can pick a topic from chapter 7 or 8 and expand your thoughts based on questions asked below. On your papers include the typed questions before your response.  Answers must be typed and double-spaced with 1” margins on all four sides and 12 pt font. Make sure to use in text citation.  Answer all the questions below. 

  1. Identify one important concept, research finding, theory, or idea in the current module and briefly describe it.
  2. Describe why you think this is an important concept.
  3. What possible research could be added to your concept?
  4. Describe how this relates to your life.

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Discussion Question

Course: Psychology of Health

Word Count: 200

Use (1) reference and work cited

 

Discussion Question: Do you believe employees can control substance abuse to adequately perform their job? Explain your answer.

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PSYCHOLOGY ONLY PLEASE

  • What contributions did the neo-Freudians make to the field of personality psychology research that Freud did not?
  • How do the research designs of the neo-Freudians differ from Freud’s research design?
  • How did the neo-Freudians address ethics in their research? Do you feel that the studies of the neo-Freudians were in each case conducted ethically? Why or why not?

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Intelligence: From Theory to Test Discussion

Intelligence: From Theory to Test

Resources

Microsoft Word icon Attributes and Evaluation of Discussion Contributions.

PDF icon Professional Communications and Writing Guide.

In this unit, you are introduced to a variety of theories of intelligence, including Spearman’s two-factor theory (1927), Cattell-Horn’s two-factor theory (1966), Luria’s information processing approach (1966), Cattell-Horn and Carroll’s CHC model (1997), and Carroll’s three-stratum theory (1997).

For this discussion:

•Describe how these theories differ in regard to the ever-reversing role of general intellectual ability factor (g).

•Explain how these theories are relied upon in each of the following current tests that you also read about in this unit. Please note that some of these tests may now rely on more than one theory, or a theory different than the original versions of the same test. Subsequently, you will need to address such multiple contributions and only for the versions listed below (for example, fifth edition).

◦Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, fourth and fifth editions.

◦Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children, second edition.

◦Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales, fifth edition.

◦Woodcock-Johnson Tests of Cognitive Abilities, third or fourth editions.

•Explain your thoughts regarding an intelligence test that has a dual theoretical basis, based on your readings and review of the theoretical influences on these tests. Explain your position by including consideration of validity.

•Explain which theory of intelligence you find yourself most affiliated with in the context of your professional goals. Explain how your selected theoretical model aligns with your interests and career.

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Social Welfare

Social Work Practice with Individuals
Answer the questions below.

1. An HHS worker should have a _____ towards clients.

☐ dominance

☐ aggressive nature

☐ powerful attitude

☐ a nonjudgmental attitude

2. It is very important to focus on a client’s _____ to empower a client.

☐ Strengths

☐ fears

☐ abuse

☐ remorse

3. It is important for an HHS worker to have good _____ skills while communicating with clients.

☐ team

☐ physical

☐ interviewing

☐ vocal

4. The goal of _____ is to assist clients toward acceptable resolution of their problems and to address their unmet needs.

☐ acceptance

☐ intervention

☐ retaliation

☐ punishment

5. __________ is when an HHS worker and client work together to identify intervention options to address client needs and to help clients overcome their issues.

☐ social injustice

☐ forced awareness

☐ goal setting

☐ forced beliefs

 

Social Work Practice with Agencies and the Community
Answer the questions below.

6. ________ are defined as spaces, interactions and identifications that people share with others in place-specific and non-place-specific locations.

☐ Stores

☐ Jails

☐ Communities

☐ Schools

7. Neighborhood and community _______ focuses on having community members come together and advocate around quality-of-life issues (e.g.; air quality, pollution, etc.).

☐ parties

☐ aftermaths

☐ punishment

☐ organizing

8. Many non-profit ______ agencies rely on donations and grant funding to provide social welfare services.

☐ for-profit

☐ voluntary

☐ global bank

☐ none of these apply

9. Evidenced-based practice involves using the most current, best_____ to make informed decisions.

☐ evidence

☐ vocabulary

☐ terms

☐ justice

10. _________________ are places where people go for help when problems arise.

☐ Social welfare agencies

☐ court houses

☐ fire stations

☐ schools

 

Critical Thinking Questions
Answer the questions below.

11.  Self-Help groups serve a vital purpose in the field of Human Services. Examples of well-known self-help groups include: Alcoholics Anonymous, Narcotics Anonymous and Overeaters Anonymous. Think of someone you know that has gone to a self-help group. Without giving detailed information about the person, please describe what type of self-help group they were a part of. Did the group help the person? If so, how were they assisted and if not, what did they hope to get out of the group? If you’ve not known anyone involved in a self-help group, please identify a self-help group and explain the main purpose of the group.

Type  answer here

12. Explain why intervention is such an important step in assisting clients by describing a situation in which a client might need an intervention and list 2 types of services or resources you could refer a client to.

 

Describe a   situation                                           2 types of   services or resources          

Type answer here                                                     a. Type answer here

 

b. Type answer here

                                                                         

 

13. Goal setting is another important factor in helping clients overcome their problems. Why is it important to develop short and long-term goals with clients during the goal setting process? In one paragraph, explain why it is important to set both long-term and short-term when working with clients
Type answer here

 

Reflection 
Reflect on what you have learned this week to help you respond to the question below.  You may choose to respond in writing or by recording a video!

14. HHS professionals work with many vulnerable populations that may not be capable of making their own decisions. Describe a situation in which an agency may be responsible for making decisions for their clients. How can they ensure that they are acting in the clients’ best interest?

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Spurious Correlations and Extraneous Variables

Correlational research describes relations among variables but cannot indicate that one variable causes something to occur to another variable. Rather, a statistically significant correlation coefficient simply indicates there is a relation among a predictor variable and an outcome variable.

In correlational research, if there is a statistically significant correlation coefficient between two variables, you want to know that the relation truly exists. This goal is challenging to achieve because other variables that you are not studying may complicate the study and the interpretation of the results.

You may find a spurious relation in which one common causal variable, sometimes referred to as a third variable, is responsible for the observed relation between the predictor variable and the outcome variable. Imagine seeing a news story reporting the findings of a study claiming that children under the age of 17 who viewed R-rated movies showed a greater likelihood of developing a smoking habit. A third variable that could explain both the predictor and outcome variables is permissive parenting. Permissive parents may allow children to view R-rated movies when they are under the age of 17. In addition, permissive parents may not attend to their children’s whereabouts enough to be aware of their smoking habit, or they may not discipline the children for smoking. Therefore, in effect, you cannot conclude that the movie viewing caused the smoking habit. The permissive parenting may have led to the children’s movie viewing habit and their smoking habit.

You may also identify extraneous variables that might influence the outcome variable but, unlike the spurious correlation described above, these variables do not relate to or influence the predictor variable. For example, consider a reported correlation that the number of books in a person’s home (predictor variable) is related to their college GPA (outcome). An extraneous variable could be, for example, a person’s IQ (intelligence quotient) score. The higher IQ might be related to higher college GPA but not necessarily related to the number of books found in a person’s home. There are additional examples of spurious relations and extraneous variables on pages 174–176 of your course text.

In this Discussion, you focus primarily on spurious relations and extraneous variables. After reviewing examples in the course text, you will find your own examples in the media and explain how they might affect the relations between the variables under consideration.

To prepare:

  • Review popular online newspapers and/or online magazines to look for articles on research studies. Look for examples of statements and claims that might reflect a spurious correlation or an extraneous variable.

    Note: This is not a library assignment, nor should you look for articles that already have reported a spurious relation or extraneous variable. You need to make this connection yourself. For instance, you might see a headline in a news magazine that states something like “Fast-Paced Children’s Television Programming Linked to ADHD.” Look for examples like this.

  • Identify one popular media example of a correlation that could be argued to be a spurious correlation or that illustrates a correlation that may have an extraneous variable.

With these thoughts in mind:

Post by Day 3:

  1. Briefly explain the example and the claim that has been made.
  2. Identify the predictor variable and the outcome variable.
  3. Identify the correlation. Is it a positive or negative correlation? How did you determine this to be the case?
  4. Identify your proposed spurious (third) variable or extraneous variable.
  5. Explain the connection you made among the spurious/extraneous variable and the outcome and predictor variables.
  6. Post the URLs for the media example at the end of your posting.

Note: Be sure to support the responses within your Discussion post, and in your colleague reply, with evidence from the assigned Learning Resources.

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YOURSTAR – Need tomorrow!!!

Discussion 1 – Differentiate psychodynamic personality theories -Answer the discussion in 100-150 words with references and intext citations.

Differentiate between the various contemporary psychodynamic personality theories.

Discussion 2 – strengths and limitations -Answer the discussion in 100-150 words with references and intext citations.

Explain the strengths and limitations of contemporary psychodynamic personality theories.

Discussion 3 – personality characteristics – Answer the discussion in 100-150 words with references and intext citations.

Analyze individual personality characteristics using psychodynamic personality theories.

Discussion 4 – interpersonal relations – Answer the discussion in 100-150 words with references and intext citations.

Explain interpersonal relations using psychodynamic personality theories.

Discussion 5 –What motivates us – Answer the discussion in 100-150 words with references and intext citations.

Do you agree with Freud’s belief that people have little or no awareness of what motivates them? Why or why not?

Discussion 6 –  How can psychodynamic personality theories explain individual personality characteristics? – Answer the discussion in 100-150 words with references and intext citations.

 

How can psychodynamic personality theories explain individual personality characteristics? Which theory do you believe explains these characteristics best? Why?

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Discussion: Poverty in Young and Middle Adulthood

Poverty has a strong influence on the lives of adults. When an adult lives in poverty, the effects extend beyond that individual to all those who depend on the adult. The problem of poverty in the life of an adult becomes a family or community problem, and few social problems are more impactful than poverty.

As a social worker, you are likely to address the needs of clients whose adverse circumstances are strongly influenced by poverty. Increasing your understanding of poverty and its influence will equip to you to better understand and assist your clients.

As you read this week’s resources, select the theory of poverty that most resonates with you to address in your Discussion post for this week.

By Day 3

Post a Discussion that includes the following:

  • An explanation of how poverty impacts the experience of individuals in young and middle adulthood
  • A statement as to whether you think poverty is the result of cultural or individual. characteristics; provide support for your position
  • An answer to the following questions about the theory of poverty you selected:
    • What aspects of this theory would be most suitable for your practice? Why?
    • What aspects of this theory do you find problematic in terms of your knowledge of social work practice? Explain.

Learning Resources

Required Readings

Zastrow, C. H., & Kirst-Ashman, K. K. (2016). Understanding human behavior and the social environment (10th ed.). Boston, MA:  Cengage Learning.
Chapter 12, “Sociological Aspects of Young and Middle Adulthood” (pp. 549-616)

Plummer, S.-B., Makris, S., Brocksen S. (Eds.). (2014). Sessions: Case histories. Baltimore, MD: Laureate International Universities Publishing. [Vital Source e-reader].
“The Hernandez Family” (pp. 3–5)

Required Media

Laureate Education (Producer). (2013). Hernandez family: Episode 6 [Video file]. Retrieved from https://class.waldenu.edu

Note:  The approximate length of this media piece is 3 minutes.

Accessible player –Downloads–Download Video w/CCDownload AudioDownload Transcript

Optional Resources

Use the link below to access the MSW home page, which provides resources for your social work program.
MSW home page

Sutin, A. R., & Costa, P. T. (2010). Reciprocal influences of personality and job characteristics across middle adulthood. Journal of Personality, 78(1), 257–288.

Whitbourne, S., K., Sneed, J. R., & Sayer, A. (2009). Psychosocial development from college through midlife: A 34-year sequential study. Developmental Psychology, 45(5), 1328–1340.

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Worksheet Family Dynamics

As a mental health worker, it is essential to understand the family systems: Individuals and their roles and boundaries. This assignment will help you understand how to analyze a family system.

Cite two to four sources (in addition to the textbook) to support your answers.

After viewing the What’s Eating Gilbert Grape film and reading the “What’s Eating Gilbert Grape Case Study,” answer the following prompts:

 

Explain how the family of origin dynamics caused the   family structure of Gilbert’s family (200-250 words).

 

Explain what the viewer doesn’t know about Gilbert’s   family (200-250 words):

 

Hypothesize about what leads to the mental health/social   issues in Gilbert’s family (100-150 words):

Suicide

Obesity

Poverty

Sexual promiscuity

 

Using Gilbert’s family system, select three   of the following of Bowen’s theories and explain how they are present in the   Gilbert’s family. Provide examples (75-100 words each):

 

Triangles

 

Nuclear Family Emotional Process

 

Family Projection Process

 

Multigenerational Transmission Process

 

Differentiation of Self

 

Sibling Position

 

Emotional Cutoff

 

Emotional Process in Society

 

Lastly, imagine   Gilbert Grape approached you to assist his family as their mental health worker:

 

Explain your approach to providing treatment for this   family. What preliminary steps would you take to begin your assessment of   this family? Why? (400-500 words)

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1-2 Short Paper: The Scientific Skeptic

In everyday life, we are regularly exposed to various claims about human psychology and human behavior. While some of these claims may be scientifically valid, many of them are not. Choose a psychological claim about which you are skeptical. If you are having trouble thinking of one, think about common areas of pseudoscience that you may have heard about (e.g., astrology, ESP, hypnosis) to help you generate ideas. In your paper, develop a research question that you have about the claim. Discuss how the scientific method could be used to test your research question as compared to one of the other methods mentioned in the module (method of tenacity, method of authority, a priori method).

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