Biopsychosocial-Cultural Model

Traditionally, mental illness was considered a biological problem, either inherited or developed due to genetic vulnerability within the individual. This point of view is termed the medical model. Treatment was provided to the individual in one-to-one meetings with a psychiatrist or sessions with a psychotherapist.

The field of mental health has evolved from the traditional model to one incorporating many more people, factors, causes, and types of treatment. The biopsychosocial-cultural model incorporates biological, psychological, developmental, familial, social, and cultural factors to understand how mental illness develops and how to design effective treatments.

 

Revisit the following case:

Wes Moore, the author of the book The Other Wes Moore: One Name, Two Fates, was surprised when one day, the police approached him for a crime he did not commit. During the investigation, he came to know of another man who had the same name—Wes Moore. The shared name was not the only coincidence: they had both grown up in the same neighborhood at about the same time. Yet, one Wes Moore went on to become a Rhodes scholar, earn honors in the military, work at the White House, and become a leader in the business community; while the other Wes Moore was sentenced to life in prison. The descriptions of the lives of both Wes Moores are illustrative of the power of heredity and environment in the shaping of a person.

As boys, both Wes Moores grew up in poor, single-parent homes and did not apply themselves in primary and secondary school. The author’s father, a newscaster, died when the author was three years old. He and his two sisters were raised by his widowed mother. Before he was a teen, he became disillusioned with school and began getting into trouble in his neighborhood, even having brushes with the law for petty crimes. His mother decided to send him to military school, but he ran away five times before finally giving the school a chance. Once he decided to stay, he gained a strong sense of purpose and developed a strong work ethic.

Meanwhile, the other Wes Moore, who lived in the same area of Baltimore, was about the same age, and was also being raised by a single mother. He was arrested and convicted for first-degree murder of a police officer during a jewelry store robbery. He is serving a life prison sentence.

Important differences between the childhoods of the two boys are notable. The author had two college-educated parents. His father chose to stay with the family, but died at a relatively young age. He was relatively closely supervised. He, his siblings, and his mother lived with his grandparents after his father died. The author’s mother took extreme steps to try to turn him around. She moved several times to try to find safer neighborhoods. She sent him to military school when he exhibited troublesome behavior.

The other Wes Moore’s father was never a part of his life, choosing to abandon the family before his birth. His mother had been accepted to college, but federal budget cuts resulted in the loss of her Pell Grant. She had to abandon her goal of a college education and instead, had to work three jobs to care for her family. Eventually, she became overwhelmed and was unable to provide the kind of structure the author received. As a result, the other Wes Moore was unsupervised much of the time. He began using and selling drugs, later resorting to more serious crimes, like robbery, for money. It was during a robbery that he shot and killed a police officer—a crime that put him in prison for life.

 

Now pretend that you are the prison psychologist who completed the evaluation of the Wes Moore convicted of murder.

 

 

Using the module readings, the Argosy University online library resources, and the Internet, complete the following:

 

  • Gather information about the potential causes of Mr. Moore’s outcome.
  • Write a report of your findings to be filed in Mr. Moore’s chart and used by professionals who will be helping Mr. Moore. Address the following in your report:

 

    • Analyze how each of the following played a role in causing or affecting Mr. Moore’s troubled childhood and eventual imprisonment:

 

      • Biological factors (genetic and physiological)
      • Developmental factors
      • Psychological factors (emotional and related to thoughts)
      • Familial and social factors
      • Cultural factors (environmental and multicultural)

 

    • Evaluate how Mr. Moore’s troubled childhood and eventual imprisonment could have been prevented by early intervention. In addition, explain how that intervention could have been designed to address each of the following:

 

      • Psychological factors
      • Familial and social factors
      • Cultural factors

 

    • Recommend at least two ideas for treatment that Mr. Moore should have received in childhood, based on all of the following:

 

      • Biological factors
      • Psychological factors
      • Familial and social factors

 

Write a 3–5-page report in Word format (not including the title page and reference page). Include a title and reference page in APA format, and apply APA standards to citation of sources, including in-text citations and full references.

 

 

 

Assignment 3 Grading Criteria
Maximum Points
Analyzed the roles of the biopsychosocial-cultural factors in causing or affecting Mr. Moore’s troubled childhood and eventual imprisonment.
24
Evaluated an early intervention that could have prevented Mr. Moore’s troubled childhood and eventual imprisonment, with respect to the listed biopsychosocial-cultural factors.
24
Recommended at least two ideas for a treatment that Mr. Moore should have received in childhood, with respect to the listed biopsychosocial-cultural factors.
32
Wrote in a clear, concise, and organized manner; demonstrated ethical scholarship in accurate representation and attribution of sources; displayed accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation.
20
Total:
100

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Edu. 372 Journal

End of Course Reflection

 

Take a few minutes to reflect on your experiences, in this course. Create a six-to-nine PowerPoint presentation for this reflection. Feel free to use the following digital tools to create a creative reflection:

 

  • blendspace 
  • Glogster
  • Animoto
  • Prezi

 

What words come to mind? Select five-to-six words that relate to learning theories, implications of social and environmental factors on learning, interactions of development and learning, teaching strategies for accommodating diverse learners, and the relationship of measurement, assessment, and evaluation in the teaching-learning process. For each selected word, provide a visual representation along with a summary of how the word defines the class experience for you. In your final slide, provide a brief paragraph how will the knowledge gained support you as a future educator.

 

Book: LeFrançois, G. (2011). Psychology for teaching (11th ed.). San Diego, CA: Bridgepoint Education, Inc.

 

Please feel free to ask me any questions in regards to this assignment!

 

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Two essays

Essay (3 parts):

1. Introduction

2. Body (2-4 paragraphs)

3. Conclusion

Other requirements:

• A firm thesis – Last sentence of introduction paragraph

• Choose two lessons that you feel were the most useful or important to you as a leader

and explain why.

• Write an essay for each of the two topics you selected.

• Explain how you will implement what you learned from the lessons when you

return to your unit.

• Describe the possible obstacles or barriers to your implementation of what you

learned and how you will overcome the obstacles or barriers.

• Essays should be no less than 500 words and no more than 750 words.

I choose:

– “Public speaking” (Because I know, like a leader I need to know how to speak in front of

people. Before BLC my speaking skills were very bad. During class I learn a lot of helpful

stuff, like: important eye contact, body movements, use pitches on important words, we

learn 4 types of Army briefs, preparation steps…also I feel confident after my public speaking in front of my classmates……).

– “Team Building and Conflict Management” (like a future leader I should to know how to

build my team, build strong relationships between my soldiers, how resolve conflicts. We

learn different types conflicts, some of them even good for mission….. )

P. S. I have attached two pp presentations from both classes for your convenient, just for you to have some basic knowledge about these classes. You can write essay using ur own words just like regular you are explaining, how you will use all knowledges and skills from these lessons in future work when you come back to your unit.

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Etiology of Personality Disorders

Etiology of Personality Disorders- CHAPTER 10

Choose a personality disorder and discuss factors in a person’s life that might contribute to the development of the disorder.

 Addiction Treatment -CHAPTER 11

Discuss the treatment of addiction. Choose one addictive substance and use it as an example.

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Agendas and Steps for Activating Change

Social change occurs because a person or group gains the attention and support of decisions makers. Decision makers, often in the form of legislators or political representatives, have access to putting issues and policies on the agenda for the business by the assembly. Being placed on an agenda gives you the opportunity to present your advocacy work directly to decision makers and may well determine the success of the development of a policy proposal.

Therefore, policy advocates need to be ready to advocate for their proposal for social change. For this Assignment, you will review 10 issues for activating change and consider how the issues apply to the social problem you selected earlier in the course.

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Kohlberg’s Stages of Moral Development

AS Description: Describe Kohlberg’s Stages of Moral Development and identify two television or movie characters struggling with a moral dilemma who are at two different stages of moral reasoning.

AS Instructions: Describe in detail Kohlberg’s Six Stages of Moral Development. Choose two TV or movie characters presented with moral dilemmas. Identify Kohlberg’s stages of moral reasoning for the two characters. The characters can be from different TV shows or movies but must be in different stages of moral development. Give a detailed explanation of the dilemma and why you choose the particular stage. The assignment should be a minimum of 500 words in length and follow strict APA 7th edition format. Upload as a Word document.

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what’s the dependent and independent variable?

The assignment requires students to locate a peer-reviewed primary article in the University’s periodical holdings, read it and answer questions about it.

Please use the University’s Library to locate the article “The Pen Is Mightier Than the Keyboard: Advantages of Longhand Over Laptop Note Taking”. It is a primary research article reporting three empirical studies published in the peer-reviewed journal Psychological Science. It was published in 2014 in volume 25.

1. After reading the article, using APA style please provide a reference citation for this article.

2. What was the hypothesis investigated in Experiment 1?

3. List the independent variable(s) and corresponding conditions or levels.

4. List the dependent variable(s) and how they were measured.

5. Were the participants randomly assigned to condition?

6. Was evidence found to support or refute the hypothesis? Describe, in your own words, the results.

7. What was the purpose of Experiment 2?

8. List the independent variable(s) and corresponding conditions or levels.

9. List the dependent variable(s) and how they were measured.

10. Were the participants randomly assigned to condition?

11. Was evidence found to support or refute the hypothesis? Describe, in your own words, the results.

12. Describe, in your own words, what the researchers concluded from the results of the experiments.

Please use a question and answer format to record your answers in a word document and submit it in the assignments section of the course. The document should use Times New Roman 12 point font and be double-spaced.

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For excellentassignments only

1.A sample is selected from a population with µ = 80. After a treatment is administered to the individuals, the sample mean is found to be M = 75 and the variance is s2 = 100.

a. If the sample has n = 4 scores, then calculate the estimated standard error and determine whether the sample is sufficient to conclude that the treatment has a significant effect? Use a two-tailed test with alpha = 0.05

b. If the sample has n=25 scores, then calculate the estimate standard error and determine whether the sample is sufficient to conclude that the treatment has a significant effect? Use a two-tailed test with alpha = 0.05

c. Describe how increasing the size of the sample affects he stanard erro and the likelihood of rejecting null hypothesis

 

2.A researcher is testing the effect of a new cold and flu medication on mental alertness. A sample of n=9 college students is obtained and each student is given the normal dose of the medicine. Thirty minutes later, each students performance is measured on a video game that requires careful attention and quick decision making. The scores for the nine students are as follows: 6,8,10,6,7,13,5,5,3.

a. Assuming that scores for students in the regular population average u=10, are the data sufficient to conclude that the medication has a significant effect on mental performance? Test at the .05 level of significance.

 

b. Compute r2, the percentage of variance explained by treatment effect.

 

c. Write a sentence demonstrating how the outcome of the hypothesis test and the measure of effect size would be presented in a research report.

 

3.A researcher conducts an independent-measures study examining how the brain chemical serotonin is related to aggression. One sample of rats serves as a control group and receives a placebo that does not affect normal levels of serotonin. A second sample of rats receives a drug that lowers brain levels of serotonin. Then the researcher tests the animals by recording the number of aggressive responses each of the rats display. The data are as follows.

Control Low Serotonin
n = 10 n = 15
M = 14 M = 19
SS = 180.5 SS = 130.0
a. Does the drug have a significant effect on aggression? Use an alpha level of .05, two
tails.

 

4. An educational psychologist studies the effect of frequent testing on retention of class material. In one section of an introductory course, students are given quizzes each week. A second section of the same course receives only two tests during the semester. At the end of the semester, both sections take the same final examination. The summarized scores below frequent quizzesn=20, M=73, two exams- n=20;M=68.

 

a. If the sample variance is s2=38 and second has s2=42, do the data indicate that testing frequency has siggnificant effect on performance? Use a two tailed test at the .05 level of signifficance. (note because the two samples are the same size, the pooled variance is simply the average of the two sample variances.)

 

b. If the first sample variance is s2=84 and the second sample has s2=96, to tge data indicate that testing has signifficant effect? Again use a two tailed test with Alpha=.05.

 

c. Describe how the size of the variance effects the outcome of the hypothesis testing?

 

5. The following data are from an independent-measures experiment comparing two treatment conditions.

treatment 1 is 4,5,12,10,10,7 and treatment 2 is 19,11,18,10,12,14.

 

a. Do these data indicate a signifficant difference between the tretment at the 0.5 level of significance?

b.wWrite a sentence demonstrating how the outcome of the hypothesis test and the measure of effect size would appear in a research report.

 

6. One of the major advantages of a repeated-measures desing is that it removes individulal differences from the variance and therefore reduces the standard error. The follwing two sets of data demonstrate this fact. The 1st set of data represents the original results from a repeated measures study. To create the 2nd set of data we started with the original scores but increased the individual differences by adding 10points to each score for subject B, adding 20 points to each score for subject C and adding 30 points to each score for subject D. Note that this change produces a huge increase in the difference from one subject to another and a huge increase in the variability of the scores within each treatment condition

 

Set 1.                                                Set 2.

Subject     I          II                        Subject         I      II

A            12         14                          A            12    14

B             7         17                           B            17     27

C            11        12                           C            31     33

D            10        12                           D            40     42

 

M=10    M=14                                    M=25    M=29

SS14  SS=14                        SS=494 SS=414

 

a. Find the difference scored for each set of data and compute the mean and variance for each sample of difference scores.

 

b. You should find that both sets of data produce the same mean difference and the same variance for the difference scores. Explain what happend to the huge individual difference that were added to the second set of data.

 

 

7. A researcher would like to examine how the chemical tryptophan, contained in foods such as turkey, can affect mental alertness. A sample of n = 9 college students is obtained and each student’s performance on a familiar video game is measured before and after eating a traditional Thanksgiving dinner including roast turkey. The average score dropped by M = 14 points after the meal with SS = 1152 for the difference scores.

a. Is there is significant difference in performance before eating versus after eating? Use a two-tailed test with = .05.

b. Compute r2 to measure the size of the effect.

c. Write a sentence demonstrating how the outcome of the test and the measure of effect size would appear in a research report.

 

8. A researcher would like to determine if relaxation training will affect the number of headaches for chronic headache sufferers. For a week prior to training, each participant records the number of headaches suffered. Participants then receive relaxation training and for the week following training the number of headaches is again measured. The data are as follows: Before–After 6–4 5–1 3–3 3–1 6–2 2–1 4–3 4–2

a. Compute the mean and variance for a sample of different scores.

b. DO the result indicate a significant differnce? Use a two tailed test with a=.05

 

9. A teacher gives a third grade class of n=16 a reading skills test at the beginning of the school year. To evaluate the changes that occur during the year, students are tested again at the end of the year. Their test scores revealed an average improvement of MD=4.7 points.

a.If the variance for the difference scores is s2=144, are the results sufficient to conclude that there is significant improvement? Use a one-tailed test with a=0.05.

b. If the variane for the difference score is reduced to s2=64,are the result sufficient to conclude that there is signifficant improvement? Use a two tailed test with aplha=.05

c. Describe the effect on reducing the variance of the difference score.

These two 10 and 11 are short answers questions

10. Develop a unique example scenario where you as a researcher would analyze your data using an independent sample desing.

11. Alternatively, develop a unique example scenario where you would analyze your data using a related sample design. For this example scenario, pretend that you suspect you might have a attrition (or drop out) in between your data collection times. What could you do at the design phase to counteract this attrition

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Module 1

Assignment 3: Signal Detection Theory

Signal detection theory originally grew out of the development of radar and communications technology. It was adapted by psychologists to explain certain aspects of sensation and perception processes that previous theories did not encompass. Signal detection theory models the decision-making process you would use when you want to decide between two different categories of stimuli. For example, you have to decide whether a person seen in a café (the stimulus) is a friend or a stranger (the categories).

Throughout this course, you will access a Cognitive Psychology Online Laboratory (CogLab) demonstration to explore some of the theories and processes of sensation and perception through a hands-on approach. This assignment is your first CogLab activity.

Click here to download the CogLab program.zip file to install this program. You may also download the CogLab Instructionsfile. After installing the program, launch it. Then, refer to the CogLab Student Manual.

Access the CogLab demonstration “Signal Detection” and follow the instructions to complete the demonstration.

Using the CogLab manual, the textbook and module readings, the Argosy University online library resources, and the Internet, research signal detection theory.

Based on the CogLab demonstration and your research, address the following:

  • Define the following terms in relation to signal detection theory: hit, miss, false alarm, and correct rejection.
  • An individual’s hit rate is .79 and correct-rejection rate is .71. Find out his/her miss rate and false alarm rate.
  • Examine your individual sensitivity measures for each of the three conditions (144, 400, and 900 noise dots). Describe what these numbers indicate regarding your accuracy rates.
  • Signal detection theory assumes that a signal is always accompanied by a certain amount of noise. Identify the “noise” that was present when you completed the task. Explain how it affected your performance on the task. Identify at least two sources of noise for the detection of an audio signal.
  • Name at least three jobs that require the employee to accurately detect signals to effectively do the job. This means that signal detection methods could be used to evaluate performance.
  • Summarize at least two other research methods for measuring detection. Give your opinion on whether the signal detection theory is superior to these. Give reasons to support your answer.

Write a 2–3-page paper in Word format. Be sure to include a title page and a reference page. Apply APA standards to citation of sources. Use the following file naming convention: LastnameFirstInitial_M1_A3.doc. For example, if your name is John Smith, your document will be named SmithJ_M1_A3.doc.

By Wednesday, October 19, 2016, deliver your assignment to the M1: Assignment 3 Dropbox.

Cognitive Psychology Online Laboratory. CogLab 2.0 Online Laboratory. Wadsworth.

Assignment 3 Grading Criteria 
Maximum Points
Accurately defined the terms related to signal detection theory.
4
Calculated the miss rate and the false rate based on the hit rate and correct-rejection rate.
12
Evaluated your individual sensitivity measures with regard to accuracy rates.
16
Identified the noise present while completing the task and explained how it affected the performance on the task.
16
Identified three jobs that require the employee to accurately detect signals to effectively do the job and where signal detection methods were used to evaluate performance.
16
Summarized two other research methods for measuring detection and examined if signal detection theory is superior to those methods.
16
Wrote in a clear, concise, and organized manner; demonstrated ethical scholarship in accurate representation and attribution of sources; displayed accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation.

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Discussion board-Moral Reasoning

Read the Heinz dilemma (http://www.simplypsychology.org/kohlberg.html), and consider what you would do if you were in his place. Write down your answer and the reasons behind it. How would your answer fit in Kohlberg’s stages? Are there other responses that Kohlberg would consider “more moral”? If so, how do you feel about this? Do you think Kohlberg’s “Heinz dilemma” is a good measure of one’s morality? Explain.

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