Psychology homework help

PSY 211 Literature Worksheet.

Article One

Citation of Literature

Parfitt, Y., Pike, A., & Ayers, S. (2014). Infant developmental outcomes: A family systems perspective. Infant and Child Development, 23(4), 353-373.

Authors’ Claims

The author uses the research model to suggest that parenting and the characteristics of the infants from the parents are directly associated with the child development and the mental health. similarly, the relationship between the parent and infant directly affects the child’s development due to the mechanisms they impact the parenting with.

Influence of Factors on Human Development

Parental mental health-according to the study there are enough evidences showing that postnatal depression largely affects the various aspects of the child development as behavior, language development and mental health. While when the mother is exposed top anxiety and stress prenatally it would have life consequences and negative impact on the development of the child. This is explaining by the effect of the parental mental on the hormonal pathways like neuroendocrine, cardiovascular and the immune system.

Parent infant relationship-in the relationship between the parent and infant the maternal internal pathways are left out. It involves the behavioral pathways between the parent and the child other than physiological pathways. However, there is indication of overlapping factors like the case of quality of the maternal interactions affecting the depression.

Infant characteristics-the article puts associations between the various difficult infants temperamental with these state of mental health o the parents.one aspect discussed here is the infant sleep disturbance. Sleep disturbance have been overtime related to serious prenatal and postnatal mental health issues.

Couple relationship-according the research done on the couple’s day to day interaction have the power of affecting the development of the child positively. The couple’s relationship can also equally affect the nature of the child development negatively and more so the current studies shows that couples relationship has moved into one of the key risks for the adverse child outcomes.

Historical Significance

The finding in the in the article has very important historical significance as it creates a small deviation in the predominant knowledge.it equally include some salient factors that shows a continuation in the evolution of the psychological knowledge. Inclusion of factors like PTSD and anxiety is a good explanation .it disapproves the hypothesis that was built on the basis of the previous researches that were done.it gives a more profound knowledge on the issues of infant development. From the article it’s clear that factors that are ingrained in the parents are very important when it comes to the development of a child both prenatally and postnatal.

Research Methods and Design

The methodology of the research was based on the sample size of 42 families which were subjected to longitudinal study. The people subjected to the test were 80 percent learned in higher institutions of learning. The research was done by house by house assessment by a researcher. After the information gathering it was subjected to statistical analysis and multiple regression analyses.

Ethics

In the study the ethical issues were well considered according to point of view. It is congruent to other studies done over time .it was a stepping stone in the world of research.it was well conduction and as well as the ethical pillars are concerned it was a good research. The measures used in the research were not incisive and hence gave a good boundary on the principles of ethical guidance.

Article Two

Citation of Literature

[Include the citation of the reviewed resource in APA format.]

Authors’ Claims

[What claims did the authors make in the study you reviewed?]

Influence of Factors on Human Development

[What factors (physical, social, environmental) influenced development in the study? Describe those factors and discuss which ones had positive influences and which ones had negative influences.]

Historical Significance

[Explain how the article’s findings affect the historical evolution of developmental psychology. What conclusions did you reach about developmental psychology from the article?]

Research Methods and Design

[What were the specific methods used to address the authors’ research question? What type of research design was used and how was it used to conduct the research?]

Ethics

[How were ethics addressed in the studies? Were the studies conducted ethically? Why or why not? How do they fit in with the view of ethics over the history of human development?]

Article Three

Citation of Literature

[Include the citation of the reviewed resource in APA format.]

Authors’ Claims

[What claims did the authors make in the study you reviewed?]

Influence of Factors on Human Development

[What factors (physical, social, environmental) influenced development in the study? Describe those factors and discuss which ones had positive influences and which ones had negative influences.]

Historical Significance

[Explain how the article’s findings affect the historical evolution of developmental psychology. What conclusions did you reach about developmental psychology from the article?]

Research Methods and Design

[What were the specific methods used to address the authors’ research question? What type of research design was used and how was it used to conduct the research?]

Ethics

[How were ethics addressed in the studies? Were the studies conducted ethically? Why or why not? How do they fit in with the view of ethics over the history of human