Emotional Intelligence Worksheet

1. Think back on time you were angry or upset about something at the clinical site. How did you react?

2. Describe a time when understanding someone else’s perspective helped you understand them better.

3. What motivates you when you have a job to do that you may not particularly enjoy doing?

In your initial post, consider the Four Prototypic Dimensions of Parenting and address the following:

1. Which style best describes the approach used by your parents/guardians when you were growing up?
2. Which style do you (or would you) use with your children?
3. What impact do you think the parenting-style you experienced growing up has had on you? Has it influenced (or would it influence) your style as a parent?

Be sure to support your responses and give examples.

In a 3-page paper, written in APA format using proper spelling/grammar, research the topic of eating disorders and address the following:

1. Compare and contrast anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.
2. Who is more likely to suffer from anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa? Why?
3. What are the causes contributing to anorexia nervosa?
4. What are the consequences of eating disorders?
5. How can one diagnose eating disorders?
6. What are the treatment and support options for a person who has eating disorders?

Be sure to include APA citations for any resources you used as references.

Introduction 

Compare and Contrast 

More likely to Suffer

Contributing to Anorexia Nervosa

Consequences of Eating Disorders

Diagnose Eating Disorders 

Treatment and Support 

Conclusion 

References

Whether the research design answer the research question

            In Ash et al (2017), the researchers were aiming at profiling the current family-based childhood obesity prevention as an intervention through the employment of the systematic review and the quantitative content evaluation techniques to help in the identification of the present gaps in the awareness. The method employed by the authors was a wide-ranging search approach using the databases PubMed, PsycINFO, and CINAHL. This was done to guide on the identification of the eligible interventions that can help in the prevention of childhood obesity accompanied with lively family component that was developed between 2008 and 2015. The search results reveal that the existence in the few numbers of interventions that target the diverse population and the obesity risk habits beyond the diet and the physical exercises inhibiting the process of developing a all-inclusive, custom-made intervention (Ash et al., 2017). 

            Li et al. (2017) performed the systematic review and meta-analysis using prospective cohort research article for the estimation of the relationship existing between sleep duration and obesity during childhood. Through the employment of the study method, the researchers managed to respond to the research question i.e., the short sleep duration leads to the increase in the exposure to childhood obesity (Li et al., 2017).

            Aftosmes-Tobio et al (2016) aimed at describing how the media use and media-associated parenting approaches and the expertise are operationalized in the research work for the purposes of determine if the research studies calculated the ecological aspects such as persons, families, or the societal-level aspects are directly linked to the media parenting practices. The researchers utilized standardized. The multi-stage process to identify as well as the screened article was concerned about the parenting and childhood obesity. The outcome of the study is revealing that exhaustive measurements of the media use that is reflecting on the present trends in the technology and the diverse contexts of use are required to help in understanding media use as well as the parent regulation process in preventing child exposure to media (Aftosmes-Tobio et al., 2016). 

Whether the study sample participants were representatives

            In Ash et al (2017), a total of 84 samples from the underserved population and non-traditional families and as well as the racial or ethnic composition were used. Even though this is a smaller sample, it gives a clear picture of the role played by family-based childhood obesity prevention interventions (Ash et al., 2017).

            The researchers in Li et al. (2017) used a total of 12 studies which represented a population of 15. This sample population is less based on the number of study articles used for the review. Therefore, the study outcome cannot be used for the generalization of what is happening to children in terms of sleep duration on obesity and BMI (Li et al., 2017).

            In Aftosmes-Tobio et al (2016), a sample 103 studies were used by the researchers. The articles used are adequate to give the required information concerning media parenting within the childhood obesity study context (Aftosmes-Tobio et al., 2016). 

Comparing and contrasting the limitation

            The limitation showed by the researcher in Ash et al (2017) is that the focus was on the articles that were published over relatively narrow time-period. The researchers also failed to evaluate the effectiveness or the quality of the intervention thus limiting the potential of the review. The outcome of the study can be influenced by the number as well as the choice of the databases searched thus subjecting it to the publication bias (Ash et al., 2017). 

            The limitations presented by Li et al. (2017) is that even though a comprehensive literature search was done, there was bias in the publication that was discovered through the use of Begg’s test which was re-evaluated RR through the use of the trim and fill technique. Many cohort used were from the United States and Europe thus failure of the research outcomes to represent the Asian and the African individuals. The researchers failed to consider the impacts of sleep quality and patterns on the weight gain of a child (Li et al., 2017). 

            In Aftosmes-Tobio et al (2016), the limitation pointed out by the researcher is that there was a restriction of the review to English-language and non-intervention studies and this might have caused the limitation of the final sample of studies available for evaluation. The researchers failed to assess the risk of the bias across studies or the strength of the evidence for study outcomes because they were not important to the research (Aftosmes-Tobio, et al., 2016). 

Whether this quantitative research study would be considered as a support to the selected problem

            The key themes identified by the researchers included intervention characteristics, article characteristics, and the sample characteristics. The rise in childhood obesity is a burden to the nation. Therefore, efforts are being made to have an effective intervention. The researchers showed the need of having intervention effort, especially in the low- and middle-income nations. Ash et al (2017) study is therefore revealing the importance of family-based childhood obesity intervention that can be used to tackle the issue of obesity among children (Ash et al., 2017).

            In Li et al. (2017), the authors used a few samples. Nevertheless, the outcome reveals an important aspect concerning the importance of sleep duration on the reduction of obesity which is an important issue of discussion. This intervention can therefore be used to address the problem of obesity among children (Li et al., 2017).

            In Aftosmes-Tobio et al (2016), the parenting practices as a measure is concerned with the larger rule of specific towards restricting the screen time. Even though 60 percent of the studies measured at least a single ecological factor, child particular and community-level were hardly measured. The research work is important in addressing the problem since it shows the importance of media use and the parenting regulation on the exposure of a child to obesity (Aftosmes-Tobio et al., 2016). 

References

Aftosmes-Tobio, A., Ganter, C., Gicevic, S., Newlan, S., Simon, C. L., Davison, K. K., & Manganello, J. A. (2016). A systematic review of media parenting in the context of childhood obesity research. BMC Public Health, 16, 320. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-2981-5

Ash, T., Agaronov, A., Aftosmes-Tobio, A., & Davidson, K. K. (2017). Family-based childhood obesity prevention interventions: a systematic review and quantitative content analysis. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 14(1), 113. https://doi:10.1186/s12966-017-0571-2

Li, L., Zhang, S., Huang, Y., & Chen, K. (2017). Sleep duration and obesity in children: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of prospective cohort studies. Journal of paediatrics and child health, 53(4), 378-385. https://doi:10.1111/jpc.13434

 Ash et al (2017); Permalink: https:// doi.10.1186/s12966-017-0571-2

Li et al. (2017): Permalink: https://doi.10.1111/jpc.13434

Aftosmes-Tobio et al (2016); Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-2981-5

Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence.docx

Explain the pathophysiology behind the signs and symptoms of COPD. 

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is just as it sounds, a chronic obstruction in the pulmonary function that causes disease. This disease is comprised of two major phenotypes, of which are bronchitis (hypersecretion of mucus and chronic productive cough that occurs consecutively for at least two years with at least a consecutive three-month period each year) (McCance & Huether, 2019) and emphysema (an abnormal permanent enlargement of gas-exchange airways or acini, accompanied by destruction of the alveolar walls without obvious fibrosis (McCance & Huether, 2019). The leading cause of COPD is that of smoking. However, there is another factor that contributes to COPD and that is an inherited mutation in the a1-antitrypsin gene. The development of COPD results from this gene, even in those who do not participate in the consumption of smoke inhalation4. Both emphysema and chronic bronchitis affect ventilation-perfusion mismatch with hypoxemia; however, in chronic bronchitis, bronchial edema is caused by the inspiration of irritants that increases the number and size of mucus glands and goblet cells of the airway (McCance & Huether, 2019). This produces an environment in which mucus cannot be cleared of the airway due to narrowing. Eventually, the continuous production of copious amounts of secretions and narrowed airways lead to an obstruction. In Emphysema, the increases in neutrophils of the airway release protease and elastase that cleave structural collagen and promote tissue breakdown (McCance & Huether, 2019). The introduction of macrophages is also present, which contribute to reduction of surface area regarding gas exchange and loss of cellular apoptosis. When it comes to COPD, the difficulty of expiration is due to the accumulation of copious mucus membranes, loss of elastic recoil (from expansion), and epithelial edema. According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), as of 2014, COPD has accounted for 39.1 percent of 100,000 deaths in the United States (CDC, 2018). The CDC also states that, the prevalence of COPD varied amongst states, with Colorado, Hawaii, and Utah exhibiting <4% of cases; Tennesse, West Virginia, Alabama, and Kentucky exhibiting >9%, and states along the lower Mississippi rivers and Ohio exhibit the highest prevalence of COPD (CDC, 2018).   

What relationship do you see with Mr. Brown’s vital signs – 26 RR, 91% oxygen saturation, temp: 37.8, HR: 93 BP: 150/70 

When observing Mr. Brown’s vital signs, his respiration rates are increased at 26. Eupnea (normal breathing) is 8 to 16 beats per minute according to our text (McCance & Huether, 2019). Due to this patients’ history of COPD for 10 years, it is safe to say that this patient is breathing heavier due to lack of perfused oxygen. His lungs are working harder at this point to keep him oxygenized. HIs oxygen saturation of 91% exhibits hypoxemia and possibly ‘air trapping’, which can be correlated to the reduction of oxygenation of tissue cells. You must be careful when increasing oxygenation to these patients by nasal cannula, as these patients tend to not be receptive of oxygen outside of airways in increased amounts and may develop hypercapnia. The patient is also running a fever of 100.04 degrees Fahrenheit. This could be a resultant of an infection. The patients’ blood pressure is also elevated. From our last discussion, we discussed risks of constriction due to narrowing of vessels when dealing with increased blood pressures or hypertension.  

Describe the goals of care for Mr. Brown. Make sure to use the COPD gold standards of care( https://goldcopd.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/WMS-GOLD-2018-Feb-Final-to-print-v2.pdf (Links to an external site.) (Links to an external site.)) for your plan. 

As Mr. Brown has not been noted to be an unstable patient of COPD, I will assume for this lesson that he is stable. In saying this, I will address the stable COPD patients’ goals according to the COPD gold standards of care. Smoking cessation is highly encouraged if the patient is a smoker. As there is no cure, maintenance of the disease is highly profitable to the patient in regards of symptoms and exacerbation risks in the future. These patients are asked to identify and reduce irritant exposure. Continuation of prescribed medications such as bronchodilators, corticosteroids, oxygen therapy, and macrolides, to reduce the symptoms experienced by this patient is also reinforced.  

How would you follow up on your proposed plan of care? 

Routine follow-up visits are required of this individual, as well as, blood gases, chest x-rays, and pulmonary function test. If not definitive, the introduction of high-resolution CT scanning may be indicated. As COPD is not a curative disease, it is however, a manageable one. Maintaining a functional oxygenation level and exhibiting the abilities to continue to perform activities of daily living (ADL’s) is the end goal of these types of patients.