APA format 1 page with 3 references one from the reference at end of post. 

Due 5/11/19 1200 EST

When looking to establish an evaluation model, it is necessary to look at the curriculum design and analyze its effectiveness (Billings & Halstead, 2016).  Our team selected both formative and summative models of evaluation.  Formative evaluation occurs during the individual sessions, allowing the educator and learner to give feedback on the curriculum as it is presented (Klenowski, 2010).  The summative evaluation looks at our program as a whole, and looks at adherence of program mission, vision and philosophy. 

            The two curriculum components to include in the evaluation model are those of organization and goals.  Our curriculum sessions are organized in logical order; we establish a simple to complex model of learning.  When evaluating our sessions,  we would look at “increasing depth and complexity to determine whether the sequencing was useful to learning and progressed to the desired (program) outcomes” (Billings & Halstead, 2016, p. 475).  In addition, with a summative model, evaluating if the program goals have been met at the conclusion of the program will look at the effectiveness of the curriculum (Klenkowski, 2010). 

            As a Community Health Accreditation Partner (CHAP), our facility meets the requirements for accreditation, specifically adequate management of pain (CHAP, 2017).  The program we have developed will cover the educational needs of the family and caregivers, as well as provide hospice nurses with the necessary tools to implement and evaluate the management of pain in the home.

References

Billings, D. M., & Halstead, J. A. (2016). Teaching in nursing: A guide for faculty (5th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier.

Community Health Accreditation Partner. (2017). Standards of excellence: Hospice. Retrieved from https://education.chaplinq.org/chap-standards-of-excellence

Klenowski, V. (2010). Curriculum Evaluation: Approaches and Methodologies. Elsevier, Inc. Retrieved from https://search-ebscohost-com.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsgvr&AN=edsgcl.1504700072&site=eds-live&scope=site

1. ) The first part of the portfolio:

      I.)  Cover letter also known as professional letter

     II. ) Your Nursing Philosophy

     III.) Curriculum Vitae(CV) or Resume (include your license and certifications which are also part of the portfolio)

What is a portfolio? 

A professional portfolio is a collection of materials that document the nurse’s competencies and illustrate the nurse expertise.

Why is the portfolio important?

A portfolio is a presentation of you as a professional APRN. Portfolio development at postgraduate level emphasizes linking theory and practice and stresses the importance of reflection on practice. The portfolio can also be used by nurses to develop their clinical career pathways and encourage personal development planning (Joyce, 2005)

Reference

Joyce, P. (2005). A framework for portfolio development in postgraduate nursing practice. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 14(4), 456-463.doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2004.01075

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IT IS IMPERATIVE THAT PROPER GRAMMAR AND CITATION BE NOTED OR POINTS ARE DEDUCTED. 

As in all APA textbook. Citations must include the doi or the website where your article was retrieved from, the journal name is on italics.

Example:

Goodhue, C. J., Burke, R. V., Ferrer, R. R., Chokshi, N. K., Dorey, F., & Upperman, J. S. (2012). Willingness to respond in a disaster: a pediatric nurse practitioner national survey. Journal of Pediatric Health Care, 26(4), e7-e20. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedhc.2010.11.003

CO 1: Apply leadership concepts, skills, and decision making in the provision of high-quality nursing care, healthcare team management, and the oversight and accountability for care delivery in a variety of settings. (PO 2)

The Assignment

Healthcare reform is a term that is ever present in our practice settings and will not disappear any time soon.

Review the article below and answer the following questions.

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1. Select one of the four challenges and expand on how your workforce has responded to the change.
2. How have these challenges affected the access to care for your patients?
3. What can you do to decrease the effect on your patients? Provide a specific example.

 MT

When dealing with ethnically diverse older patients, it is important to understand and respect their cultural beliefs on health and wellness. Understanding the health belief paradigms that the person may relate to can assist in designing a health and wellness plan specific to that individual. Each culture has their own health belief system; Latino, African, Caribbean, African American, and Middle Eastern groups often believe in the Magico-Religious paradigm, Asian, North American, and Indian groups may follow the Holistic paradigm and the Scientific paradigm is common among Western cultures including the United States and Canada (Murray, 2019). Knowing their belief system can help the caregiver make informed decisions on their care. The Magico-Religious paradigm believes  the health of the community comes before the health of the individual where the Holistic paradigm views the whole person in relation to the environment. 

This knowledge can help decide what type of exercise regimen to begin a patient with a chronic condition on. Patients may benefit more from an individual exercise routine such as walking, cycling or swimming if they are more focused on holistic views. Patients with Magico-Religious views could benefit more from group exercise sessions. With group exercise the individual finds that the social connections improve the importance and effectiveness of physical activity (Beauchamp, Bennett, Dunlop, Estabrooks, Harden, Hurd Clark, Liu, Rhodes, Wolf, 2018). Knowing their preferences can assist the elderly in programs that are comfortable to their personal tastes. 

A second strategy would focus on nutrition for the elderly person. While many dietary restrictions may apply to the individual based upon their chronic condition such as low salt, low cholesterol, low potassium or many other various restrictions, the individual needs to enjoy the food they consume or the risk of malnutrition from not eating may develop. It is important to include the older individual in decisions about their food to increase their appetite and quality of life (Dorner, Friedrich, 2018). Sometimes the rules of the diet have to be compromised with the individual to ensure proper nutritional intake.