1) Minimum 12 full pages (Follow the 3 x 3 rule: minimum three paragraphs per part)

             Part 1: Minimum 6 pages

             Part 2: minimum 6 pages

Submit 1 document per part

2)¨******APA norms

          All paragraphs must be narrative and cited in the text- each paragraphs

          Bulleted responses are not accepted

          Dont write in the first person 

          Dont copy and pase the questions.

          Answer the question objectively, do not make introductions to your answers, answer it when you start the paragraph

Submit 1 document per part

3)****************************** It will be verified by Turnitin (Identify the percentage of exact match of writing with any other resource on the internet and academic sources, including universities and data banks) 

********************************It will be verified by SafeAssign (Identify the percentage of similarity of writing with any other resource on the internet and academic sources, including universities and data banks)

4) Minimum 6  references per part not older than 5 years

5) Identify your answer with the numbers, according to the question. Start your answer on the same line, not the next

Example:

Q 1. Nursing is XXXXX

Q 2. Health is XXXX

6) You must name the files according to the part you are answering: 

Example:

Part 1.doc 

Part 2.do

__________________________________________________________________________________

Part 1: HIV/AIDS Specialty Care for Pregnant women

1. Introduction (1/2 page)

a. Clearly identifies the topic

b. Establishes goals and objectives of presentation

c. Introduce clearly the topic

2. Population at Risks Factors

a. Identific the population

b. include possible risks factors and medical history

3. Research Content EBP

a. Provide EBP 

b. Follow the CDC recommendations and Evidence

4. Deep in the topic with statics

5. Education

a. Provide education including strategic tools methods by following the EBP guidelines

6. Conclusion (1/2) page

Conclusion clearly supported by the information presented at the end of the paper

Part 2: HIV/AIDS Specialty Care for Pediatrics 

1. Introduction (1/2 page)

a. Clearly identifies the topic

b. Establishes goals and objectives of presentation

c. Introduce clearly the topic

2. Population at Risks Factors

a. Identific the population

b. include possible risks factors and medical history

3. Research Content EBP

a. Provide EBP 

b. Follow the CDC recommendations and Evidence

4. Deep in the topic with statics

5. Education

a. Provide education including strategic tools methods by following the EBP guidelines

6. Conclusion (1/2) page

Conclusion clearly supported by the information presented at the end of the paper

I need a response for the 2 peers below:

Many disorders, especially malignancies, are asymptomatic in their early stages. Consequently, it is imperative that health care providers provide routine screenings so that diseases can be detected early on and prevention and treatment can be implemented if necessary. Screening is in no way a cure for diseases, but it provides a means to detect diseases before symptoms start. Screenings include Pap smear to detect cervical cancer, mammograms to detect breast cancer, colonoscopy to detect colorectal cancer, and low dose CT scan to detect lung cancer (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 2020).

Enacted in 1984, the U. S. Preventive Task Force (USPTF) is an independent group of experts from several specialties, such as pediatrics, primary care, behavioral health, and nursing, that strive to provide knowledge and advice on various interventions and preventive services for diseases based on evidence-based research (D’Andrea, Ahnen, Sussman, & Najafzadeh, 2019). The USPTF helps shape medicine by assisting health care professionals and patients to prevent and treat diseases. Patients and clinicians collectively decide what treatment is best for the patient based on the recommendation of “best practice” disseminated by the USPTF (D’ Andrea et al., 2019). The ultimate goal of USPFT is to promote and improve the health of Americans by enacting clinical preventive measures based on scientific research.

Colorectal Cancer Screening Recommendation

The USPFT has several recommendations in place regarding screening for colorectal cancer, which is a collective group of cancers that affects the large intestine (the colon) and/or the rectum. This type of cancer usually starts in the colon, preliminary as polyps in many cases, and then metastasize as cancerous cells to proximal areas of the gastrointestinal system or reproductive organs (American Cancer Society, 2020). According to the American Cancer Society, the recommendation for individuals of average risk of colorectal cancer is screening starting at age 45, with either a stool-based test that detects cancer cells in the stool or an imaging exam that visualizes the structures of the colon and rectum. 

The American Cancer Society (2020) recommends that individuals who are in “good health and a life expectancy of at least 10 years” should continue to be screened for colorectal cancer until they are 75 years of age. For individuals 76 to 85 years of age, the choice to continue to be screened should be based on the preference of the patient, their life expectancy, overall health status, and outcome of prior screenings (American Cancer Society, 2020). Screening is not recommended for individuals over the age of 85 due to their decreased life expectancy with or without the disease (American Cancer Society, 2020). 

The American Cancer Society (2020) reports that testing for colorectal is separated by stool-based testing or visualization of images. The stool-based tests include a highly sensitive fecal immunochemical test (FIT) perform annually, a highly sensitive guaiac-based fecal occult blood test (gFOBT) perform annually, or a multi-targeted stool DNA test (mt-sDNA) done every 3 years (American Cancer Society, 2020). The American Cancer Society (2020) further elaborates that imaging tests include a flexible sigmoidoscopy (FSIG) performed every 5 years, a CT colonography commonly called a virtual colonoscopy every 5 years, and a colonoscopy every 10 years. A CT colonography is a virtual colonoscopy in which the individual swallows an encapsulated camera so that the practitioner can view structures of the GI system and colon. A double-contrast barium enema might be suggested for individuals unable to tolerate a colonoscopy, even though the ability to detect cancerous cells is not as clear as it is with colonoscopy. Individuals that have a greater than average risks, such as those with a strong family history of colorectal cancer, personal history of prior colorectal cancer, prior history of abdominal radiation, history of polyps, family history of Lynch Syndrome, or history of IBD, should be tested earlier than 45 and more often than what is recommended for an individual of average risk (American Cancer Society, 2020).

The American Cancer Society (2020) proclaims that colorectal is the 3rd leading cause of cancer-related deaths. As a result, close adherence to the guideline about colorectal cancer should be followed to improve life expectancy, decrease the likelihood of metastasis, and ameliorate complications from the disease. Initiation of treatment in a prompt manner will aid in facilitating better patient outcomes and improving individual prognoses. 

Peer 2

U.S Preventive Task Force

The U.S preventive task force (USPTF) is a self-governing volunteer panel of global specialists in evidence-based medicine and disease prevention. Its main work is to improve all Americas’ health standards by making evidence-based recommendations on clinical preventive services.

Colon cancer also referred to as colorectal cancer mainly affects the colon and the rectal. Finding out about colon cancer at an early stage is very advantageous. That is why a specific screening test can be carried out for people with no signs of cancer to help identify the cancer signs at an early stage. Doctors have highly recommended that at the age of 50- 75 years, people with an average risk of contracting colon cancer should begin screening (Howren et al., 2021). However, people with increased risk, such as African-American heritage or those with a family history of colon cancer, are advised to start their screening earlier. USPSTF makes recommendations that adults aged 76 to 85 should inquire from their doctors on whether to get screened for the disease. That approval is healthy because colonoscopy is used during the screening process, and polyps’ removal is easy before it grows to actual cancer.

Some of the recommended tools for early cancer screening include sigmoidoscopy that uses a light tube inserted in the lower colon and the rectum to identify cancer, polyps, and any other abnormalities (Kerrison et al., 2021). The other tool used is computed tomography Colonography (CT or CAT), a recently studied tool that requires an expert radiologist to get accurate results (Bryce & Bucaj, 2021). The other device is the Double-contrast barium enema (DCBE). This is used on those patients who cannot undergo colonoscopy. It helps the rectum and the colon stand out during the x-ray, which allows the x-rays of the rectum and colon to get taken fast and efficiently. However, this tool is less effective in detecting precancerous polyp when compared to the other tools.

Those work are base in the following questions:

1.) What is the U.S. Preventive Task Force (USPTF)?

2. ) Select a disease for example colon cancer and discuss the screening age recommendations and the screening tools recommended for early prevention?

 identify policy solutions to the challenges your peers identified. Are there further impacts that your peers did not mention?  should be 100 to 150 words, with a minimum of one supporting reference included each post.

Post 1

 The economic and emotional burdens associated with the care of patients suffering from dementia is a problem that challenges global healthcare systems and societies at large. This is especially relevant considering that adults age 65 and older are expected to outnumber children for the first time in U.S. history by 2030 and are projecting to comprise an estimated 77 million by 2034 (U.S. Census Bureau, 2019). Total costs of caring for this population of patient estimates at $215 billion in 2010 for the U.S alone, and the number of patients suffering with this illness has increased over the past decade (Hurd et al., 2013). A very recent study conducted by Kelley et al., (2020) sought to discover the approximate cost, both formal and informal, of care per individual with dementia during their last 7 years of life. The numbers are surprising and help gain perspective on just how cost burdensome dementia is to families and the Medicare/Medicaid reimbursement system. The average cost per patient over the 7 years was approximately $370,000 (Kelley et al., 2020).  For residential nursing homes, this is a huge challenge because Although these reimbursements never-the-less put tremendous strain on the Medicare/Medicaid system, both of which reimburses at only fraction of the overall cost, the real cost and emotional burden falls on the families and loved ones of the patient. Beyond the financial cost of informal caregiving, family members, or invisible second patients as they have been referred to as, suffer from mental health problems and declining physical health (Brodaty & Donkin, 2009). These problems, including high levels of depression and anxiety amongst informal caregivers, are thought to be secondary to social isolation, financial stress, and witnessing first-hand the decline of a loved one (Brodaty & Donkin). As I was reading further on this topic, I also learned that caregivers often times do not experience any less emotional stress when the caregiving is taken on by a nursing home (Brodaty & Donkin). Other feelings contributing to families’ mental health issues who are not involved with direct care of their loved one include strong feelings of guilt and anger (Brodaty & Donkin).

As a service provider for aging adults, despite the costs associated with dementia care, I think it is important to provide the care that is medically and ethically necessary while also adhering to quaternary prevention principles and avoiding overmedicalization of the patient. In this way, I don’t know that costs would impact the way I practice, however, because Medicare/Medicaid only pay for certain services, consideration for high out-of-pocket costs should always be included in the provider’s care plan. Although additional help for family will incur more cost, I think it is also important as a provider to counsel the family and help guide them to the individual and supportive services that they need.
 

Post 2

 Dementia can have a negative impact on the individual, family members, and the healthcare system. These impacts have economic and emotional costs on a multitude of levels. In 2010, societal costs of dementia ranged from $159 billion to $215 billion nationwide; a number that is expected to increase by 80% in 2040 (Hurd et al., 2013). These costs are associated with out of pocket spending, spending by Medicare, nursing home spending, and cost of homecare (Hurd et al., 2013). Dementia places a financial burden on family members, governments, and tax payers as Medicaid is the principal payer for long-term services (Kelley et al., 2020). During the last 7 years of life for an individual with dementia, out of pocket spending and costs of informal care totals $203,110 (Kelley et al., 2020). This is significantly higher when compared to out of pocket costs for family members caring for an elder without the diagnosis of dementia, as this cost averaged $102,960 (Kelley et al., 2020). In addition to family members dealing with a dementia diagnosis emotionally due to the decline in mental function of a loved one, they are now also faced with a financial burden that can make it difficult to provide their loved one with the care they need.

As a service provider for aging adults, these costs have a direct impact on my ability to care for my patients with dementia. When caring for an aging adult with dementia, cost can influence the plan of care. Between the cost of medications, homecare services, and nursing home care, the cost of caring for a dementia patient can become overwhelming for family members. This can affect my plan of care as what may be best for the patient, may not be financially feasible for the family. Due to the out of pocket costs of caring for a patient with dementia in the community, there may come a time when the patient needs to be admitted to a residential setting such as a nursing home. Although the cost of informal caregiving is expected to decrease when a patient transitions into a nursing home, family members are still faced with a financial burden. In a study completed by Kelley et al. (2020), results showed that on average over a period of seven years, individuals with dementia accumulated $60,320 in informal caregiving cost, and $105,590 out-of-pocket costs, a financial burden that is often left to family members. 

Professional portfolio 

this is my professional portfolio while at western governors university I completed most parts but I am too lazy to complete the rest. I’m looking for someone with good grammar who can articulate these paragraphs about the particular topics .
in terms of applied research you can mention my paper on the nursing theory as an artifact in c304 professional roles and values taught me leadership you can mention that as an artifact .

in communication and health population you can mention my communication and health population field experience task I did community hours at Staten Island university hospital north working directly with patients affected by Covid -19

during my community assessment I learned that people lacked the resources and the education about Covid-19 elaborate on that again my clinical was in Staten Island New York 

please do the best you can address every bullet the best you can . Proper grammar please 

Use APA format and must include a minimum of 2 Scholarly Citations.

Soap notes will be uploaded to Moodle and put through TURN-It-In (anti-Plagiarism program)

Turn it in Score must be less than 25 % or will not be accepted for credit, must be your own work and in your own words. You can resubmit, Final submission will be accepted if less than 25%. Copy-paste from websites or textbooks will not be accepted or tolerated. Please see College Handbook with reference to Academic Misconduct Statement.

The use of the templates is ok with regards to Turn it in, but the Patient History, CC, HPI, Assessment, and Plan should be of your own work and individualized to your made-up patient.