1.   Which countries are known as the Baltic nations?

2.    Discuss how the Baltic nations view the delivery of evidence-based healthcare and their beliefs related to health and disease.

3.   Give an overview of the Brazilian heritage, how do they see health and disease and if there is any similarity between them and the Baltic nations.

You must cite at least 3 evidence-based references no older than 5 years. 

A minimum of 800 words must be presented excluding the first and reference page.  

APA format. Use scholar authors only. All responses have be 1 paragraph each and with 2 references.

Discussion question: 1

My definition of quality is something having utmost distinction in the eyes of a consumer, and something that is desirable and sets the standard. Spath (2018) defines quality as a characteristic that goes beyond one’s expectations, depending on a person’s point of view, and can fluctuate yet has the potential to improve. Setting the highest standard of distinction when it comes to quality is a similar mindset to Philip B. Crosby, who is described as a “quality guru” due to sharing his knowledge of quality to business leaders (QP staff, 2010). Crosby established the theory of “zero defects,” meaning that a product or service should be free from blemishes or mistakes or defects from the start, every time (QP staff, 2010). Crosby explained that this does not mean a person who makes a quality product or gives a quality service should be perfect, but rather the person should provide the service as instructed every single time (QP staff, 2010).

            Crosby’s concept of zero defects can seem a bit extreme or unattainable when it comes to nursing practice, because as nurses we know that no shift is ever perfect. However, Crosby’s idea regarding the push for doing the job right the first time and every time can be helpful in the setting of home health care nursing practice, specifically with documentation. In home health care nursing, we have specific documentation requirements that are government regulations that must be followed. These governmental regulations affect how the home health care agency gets reimbursed from insurance companies. It is important that a nurse understands the questions asked within the home health care forms, so that they are answered correctly at the start of home health care. Then, at the time of discharge from home health care, when the charting and documentation is completed correctly, the way the nurse answers the questions regarding patient status will either show an improvement in outcomes, or a decline. Educating home health care nurses about the correct way to interpret and answer these questions, called the Outcome and Assessment Information Set (OASIS), allows for nurses to answer the questions correctly and provides accurate documentation on the patients abilities and limitations in the home setting (Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, 2020).

The “zero defects” concept of doing the home health care documentation properly the first time can not only save the agency money (proper reimbursement), but also it avoids the nurse being wasteful of her time with correcting audited charts. Nurses’ charts get audited to help the home health agency ensure regulations have been met. With further training and experience, nurses can be more efficient with their time and documentation, and Crosby believes, avoid having to fix something when it could be done correctly in the first place (QP staff, 2010).

Discussion question: 2

When discussing quality, it is of utmost importance to define what is the most crucial aspect to the consumer.  Quality can either be about the experience, the product, or both.  Quality to me is the product being free of defects, the use of quality resources, and all for the lowest price.  How this translates to quality health care is timely and accurate results, low cost, no unnecessary tests, and knowledgeable providers.  If my concern is about a warm blanket, most modern exam room, and friendliest staff, then my definition of quality is more about customer service.  Unfortunately, the quality of healthcare includes customer service, which complicates defining what quality healthcare is.

In examining the quality theorists, the philosophy of Deming seems the most practical and congruent with my definition of quality.  Deming believed that the organization’s primary aim should focus on quality, which is a factor of reducing costs and continuously improving the processes (Monnappa, 2019).  As a result, customer satisfaction will improve, staff will be happier, and costs over time will decrease.  This philosophy evolved into the Deming or PDSA cycle, which is frequently used as a method of quality improvement (Spath, 2018).  An essential feature of this model is that it is dynamic, always looking to improve, and simple to implement. 

A practice problem that I see in my work involves how various injuries are classified and how that translates into increased costs.  Currently, any patient that comes in with a fall or injury gets charted as a “trauma evaluation.”  Charting a trauma evaluation generates a higher level of care and, thus, a higher charge.  This is wasteful, and while it generates more significant revenue, it is unnecessary as it increases the costs of healthcare.  This is the current practice; a practice change would involve only charting a trauma evaluation for patients who meet strict criteria.  My definition of quality extends to this problem by reducing unnecessary costs.  Charting a trauma evaluation does not change the patient’s care, therefore eliminating this practice would help to mitigate rising healthcare costs without affecting patient care or safety.

Group # 2 

Topic: Partner Violence

The group project research paper must have a minimum of 2000 words – main body (does not include the title page, abstract, or reference pages). Times New Roman, Size 12, and 5 references about that topic (4 of them most be research articles). The criteria exposed in your paperwork must be exclusively based on peer reviewed article, and I will be very fussy in confirming the reliability of your statements. A formal paper using APA format according to Publication Manual American Psychological Association (APA) (6th ed.).2009 ISBN: 978-1-4338-0561-5 will be submitted via Assignment Submission. This paperwork must be submitted on week # 12 (Sunday, July 26 at 11:59 PM EST), so that you have plenty of time to start collecting literature.

Question Guide: 

The paper should include the following:  

• What is Partner Violence ?
• Statistics / Incidence
• Dynamics of Partner Violence (Psychosocial and Cultural)
• Psychological Factors
• Cycle of Violence
• Interventions Strategies / Treatments (pharmacological and non-pharmacological)
• Other considerations in the management of Partner Violence (including but not limited to management of behaviors, family considerations, challenges in the care of patients with this social issue.

 Examine evidence-based practice guidelines / research, nursing theories that support the identification of clinical problems, implementation of nursing skills in the care of adults victims of partner violence.

Grading Criteria: 

• What is Partner Violence? – 10 points
• Statistics / Incidence – 10 points
• Dynamics of Partner Violence / Theories (Psychosocial and Cultural) (at least 3) – 9 points
• Psychological Factors (at least 3) – 9 points
• Cycle of Violence – 10 points
• Interventions / Treatments (pharmacological and non-pharmacological) (at least 2 in each category) – 12 points
• Other considerations in the management of Partner Violence (including but not limited to management of behaviors, family considerations, challenges in the care of patients with this disorder – 10 points
• References: At least 5 reference sources – 4 of them most be research articles – 15 points
• APA style – 15 points

Instructions

In this assignment, you will be required to use the Heart Rate Dataset to complete the following:

• Identify the variables in the dataset.
• Classify each variable as qualitative or quantitative discrete or quantitative continuous
• Specify the possible values of each variable
• Give a brief written description of what each variable tells us about the data provided.

Steps

1. Open the Heart Rate Dataset in Excel
2. There are 3 columns of data. Each column represents a different variable.  What are the 3 variables represented in the dataset?
3. Identify each of the 3 variables as qualitative, quantitative discrete, or quantitative continuous.
4. Identify the possible values of each of the 3 variables in this dataset.
5. Briefly describe what information each of the 3 variables tells us about the data.

Additional Instructions:

Your assignment should be typed into a Word or other word processing document, formatted in APA style. The assignments must include

• HeartRateDataSetrevised.xlsx

Task 1.

1. 200 words – Provide a brief overview of the concept of food desert as it relates to urban community. What impact does food desert and access to healthy foods have on population health, within urban communities?  

2. 200 words – Consider the character Nurse Lisa in the book “The Hate You Give”. Consider how the concept of food desert affect her and her family? For example, as a nurse within an underserved urban community her role is to advocate for the health and wellbeing of her clients and community members. What methods/ education can she provide to her clients to increase their access to health good choice when there is limited supplies? 

3. 200 words – Consider the novel “The Hate You Give” relate the novel and it setting to the concept of food desert. 

4. 100 words – How would a community health nurse or public health official address the issue of food desert? 

5. 100 words – What key stakeholders within the community would the official speak to and coordinate with to resolve this problem?

6. 100 words – Provide at least 3 community programs (interventions) that could be established to resolve the problem of food desert? 

7. 200 words – How would you coordinate these interventions? What is the most important aspect of the program intervention? Consider (funding, needs assessment, policy developments etc.)?

Task 2. 

1. 200 words- What are the determinants of health? How does the determinants of health impact health outcome within underserved urban communities?

2. 200 words- Of the many detriments of health which do you think is the most impactful and why? how does the determinants of health relate to the book “The Hate You Give”? provide example? 

Respond to the questions above in APA 7th format.

Each question MUST have subheadings.

Provide at least 7 scholarly resources including the book “The Hate You Give” and the attached textbook.